tor the first nth, Jashobeam, the son of Zabdiel (1
Chron. xxvii, 2, 3), SO famous tor his prowess (xi, 11), and called "the chief among the captains" i ibid, and '_' Sam. xxiii, 8), was of the sons of Perez, or Pharez. A considerable number of the other mighty men seem also, from their patronymic or gentile names, to have been of the same house, those, namely, who are called Bethlehemites, Paltites (1 Cbron. ii, 33, 17), Tekoites, Netophathites, and [tbrites (ii. 53; iv, 7). Zabad, the son of Ahlai, and Joab and his brothers. Abishai and Asahel. we know wen- Pharzites (ii, 31, 36, 54 ; si, 41). The royal house itself was the head of the family. We have no means of as-igning to their respective fam- ilies those members of the tribe of Judah who are inci- dentally mentioned after David's reign, as Adnah. the chief captain of Judah in Jehoshaphat's reign, and Je- hohanan and Amasiah, his companions (2 Chron. xvii. ll 16); hut that the family of Pharez continued to thrive and multiply we mas conclude from the num- bers who returned from captivity. At Jerusalem alone 468 of the sons of Perez, with Athaiah, or I'thai. at their head, were dwelling in the days of Zerubbabel (1 Chron. i\. I: Neb. \i. I 6), Zerubbabel himself ol course being of the family | I Esdr. v, 5). Oflhe lists of returned captives in Ezra ii. Neh. vii, in Nehemiah's time, the following seem to have been of the sons ol Pharez, judging as before from the nanus of their an- cestors, or the towns to which they belonged: the chil-
dren of Bani (Ezra ii. 10; comp. 1 Chron. ix, 4); of Bigvai (ii. 14; comp. Ezra \iii. 14); of Ater (ii, 16; comp. 1 Chron. ii, 26, 54) ; of Jorab, or Hariph Neh. vii. -J l : comp. 1 Chron. ii, 51 ; ol Bethlehem and Netophah (ii, 21,22; comp. 1 Chron. ii, 54) ; ofKirjafl'- arim (ii, 25; com].. 1 Chron. ii. 50,53); of llarim (ii, :;•_': comp. 1 Chron. iv, 8); and, judging from their po- sition, many of the intermediate ones also (comp. also the lists in Ezra x, 25-43; Neh. \. 1! 27). Of the builders of the wall named in Neh. iii the following were of the house of Than/.: Zaccur, the son ol Imn (ver. ■_'. by comparison with i Chron. ix. 4, and Ezra
viii, 11, where we ought, with many MSS., to read
"Zaccur" for " Zabbud") ; Zadok, the sun of Baana (ver.
I. by comparison with 2 Sam. xxiii. 29, where we find thai Baanah was a Netophathite, which agrees with Zadok's place here next to the Tekoites, since Beth- lehem, Netophah, and Tekoa are often in close juxta- position, comp. 1 Chron. ii. 54; iv. I. 5; Ezra ii. 21, 22; Neh. Nii. 26, and the situation of the Netophathites close to Jerusalem, among the Benjamites, Neh. xii, 28, 29, compared with the mixture of Benjamites with Pharzites and Zarhites in Neh. iii, 2 7); the Tekoites (ver. 5 and 27, comp. with 1 Chron. ii, 24; iv. 5); Je- hoiada, the son of Paseah (ver. «'>. comp. with 1 Chron. iv, 12, where Paseah, a Chelubite, is apparently de- scended from Ashur, the father of Tekoa i : Rephaiah, the son of Ilur (ver. 9, comp. with 1 Chron. ii, 20, 50; iv, I. Ii'. Beth-Raphab) ; Hanun (ver. 13 and 30), with the inhabitants of Zanoah (comp. with 1 ( hron. i\ . 18); perhaps Malchiah. the son of Rechah (ver. 11. comp. with 1 Chron. ii. 55); Nehemiah, sou of Azbuk, rider of Beth-zur (ver. Hi. comp. with 1 chron. ii. 15); and perh. Baruch, son of Zabba, or Zaccai (ver. 20), if for Zaccai we read Zaccur as the mention ol ••the other, or second, piece," makes probable, as wall as his proximity to Meremoth in this second piece, as Zaccur «,is to Me- remoth in their tirst pii ces I ver. 2, 4).- Smith.
2. (Sept Qapic v. r. <I><I«oc.) A Grsecized form (1 Esdr. viii, 30) for the Parosb (q.y.)ofthe Heb. text (Ezra viii, 3).
Phari'ra {Qapipa v. r. $aotoa), a corrupt form i 1
Esdr. \. 33) Of tin name l'l i:Il>.\ dp V.) of the Heb.
text (Neh. vii, 57).
Phar'isee. a designation (in the N. T. and Jose-
phus) of oh" Of the three sec!- Or order- of .ludaisll) ill
the time of Christ, the other two i„ fog the / the Sadducees. (The follow ing account of them i- based upon that of Ginsburg, in Kitto's Cyclopaedia, with modifications and additions.)
I. Nam of tin Sect, and its Signification.- The name $apioa7oc Phariset is the Greek form of the Hebrew '-'" i parish, passive participle of 123*^53, to separate, plur. D|,EJ!HQ, Aramaic "puJSHB \, and properly denotes orn who is separated, i. e. by special practices ; or. as the dictionary called -I ruch (s. v.) defines it " one who sep- arated himself from Levitical impurity and Levitically impure food" (comp. also Talmud. Chagigah, 18 J; Sab- bath, 13 a). The derivation of it from '-". in the sense of unfolding, explaining, and the assertion that the followers of this sect were called Pharisees interpreters qfthi Biblt . in contradistinction to the Sadduc< t s, w ho
adhered to the letter of the Scriptures, as well as the