3. Hyssop, Heb. ezub, 2"lTN,and Greek vowtoq. See Hyssop.
4. Myrrh, Heb. lot, I3P, a fragrant resinous gum from the leaves of a shrub, the cistus ladanifera. Sept. and Vulg. stacte, myrrh (Gen. xxxvii, 25; xliii, 11). Also Heb. mar, "1^3 or "1*!^, a bitter aromatic resin distilling in tears from a tree, the balsamodendron myrrha. See Myrrh.
5. Rue, Greek irfjyavov, the ruta graveolens of Linn. See Rue.
See, for the plants of Palestine in general. Botany.
Plantavitius, John, de la Pause, or Plantavitius Pausanus, was born 1570 of a noble Protestant family in the diocese of Nismes, studied theology and Oriental literature, and became pastor at Beziers, where he em- braced Roman Catholicism, 1G04. He was made bishop of Lodfeve in 1625, retired from his ecclesiastical func- tions in 1G48, on account of advanced age and great infirmities, and died in 1651, at. the Palace Margon. Few literati, not Hebrews by birth, have devoted them- selves more earnestly to, and labored more successfully in, the department of Hebrew literature than Plantavi- tius. and liis works will continue to be a monument to his learning and industry as long as the sacred lan- guage of the O. T. continues to be studied. They are- as follows: Thesaurus synonymicus Hebrceo-Chaldceo- Rabbinicus (Lodovae, 1G43. fol.); very valuable to the student of the Hebrew Scriptures on account of its treatment of Hebrew synonyms :—Florilegiu»i J-Hblieinn Hebraico-Latinum (ibid. 1645) :— and Florilegium. Rab- binieum, complectens preecipuas vet. Rabbinorum senten- tias, vers. Lat. et scholiis illustratas cum Bibliotheca Rabbinica (ibid. 1G45). See Wolf, Bibliotheca ffebrcea, ir 5, etc. ; Steiry.jhneider, Catalogue Libr. Ihbr. in Biblio-
PLANTIER
2T0
PLASTER
Jeiana, coL 210; ; Geiger, in ZeUschrifl der 'Uchaft, xvii, 33
-. V.
Plantier, Claude Henri, one of the most promi-
nbi r- ol the French episcopate, was born of
humble parentage al Ceyzerieux, in France, in L813.
In 1837 he was made a priest, an. I soon afterwards he
of Hebrew at the theological
Lyons. In 1855 In- was elected bishop of
and died .May -_'■">. hs7.">. He was cue of 1 1 1« ■
I mis Napoleon. See Literarischer
J75,p.252. (li.P.)
Plantin, Christophe, a celebrated printer, was horn in r>l I ai Mont-Louis, in the French province of Touraine, of poor parents. Hi- went to I'aris in his
youth, ami worked then- some time in a I kbinder'a
Bbop; imi afterwards went to Caen, in Normandy, where In- Learned tin- art of printing. Alter working in several of the printing-offices of France, ami especially at Lyons, lie returned to I'aris: but the religious disturbances which commenced aboul that time induced him to re- move t" I- landers. and he i- known to have been a mas- ter-printer at Antwerp in 1555. Besides his printing establishment at Antwerp, he had one at Paris and an- other at Leyden. The beauty as well as the correctness of the works which issued from his presses extended his reputation rapidly, and he soon acquired a considerable fortune. He employed a- correctors ofthe press several men distinguished for their learning, and Plantin's house ted i" by learned men from all countries. He died duly 1. 1589. The work which has given most celebrity to Plantin's printing establishment at Antwerp i- the edition which he printed ofthe -real Polyglot Bible, which had previously been printed al Alcala, in Spain, under the direction of cardinal Ximenes. Plan- tin was engaged to perform the work by Philip II of Spain, who sent Arias Montanus to superintend it. and he was employed four year- 1 1568 in [572) in this occu- pation. See A.rh - Montani s. Guillaume Lebe was sent for from Paris to engrave the punches and superin- tend the casting of the type. The work, in addition to
the i tents of the Aleala Polyglot, gave a Chaldaic
paraphrase and a Syriac version ofthe New Testament in Hebrew and Syriac character-. The proofs ofthe Antwerp Polyglot were all revised by Raphelengius, and th«' work was published in eight large folio volumes ( 1568 1572). Plantin was not so learned as the Aldi of Venice or the Estiennes of Paris, hut his Latin prefaces
to Beveral "I the works Which he printed seem sulli-
ciently to establish that he had acquired a considerable scholarship.
Plantsch, Martin, I>.l>.. a German theologian, wa- born in 1 h;i» ai Dornstetten, in WUrtemberg. He studied at the newly founded university at Tubingen, where in l 183 he was made magister, in 1 184 professor of philosophy, and in 1 194 doctor and professor of the- ology, ai the same time preaching in the church of St. In L523 he was present at the Zurich collo- quium, and died .Inly 18, 1533. In connection with Dr.
I r, he founded the famous scholarship of St.
I I mil St, Martin at Tubingen. He was also the author "t I r,i, tatus •/■ fagis malificis, which he w rote in
He occasion ofthe burning of a certain witch at Tubingen. See Jocher, Gelehrten-Lex. s. \. I B. P.) Planudes Mwimi 9, a Byzantine monk noted as a literary character, flourished in the 1 1th century. He i In gaya himself in one of his works, at N'i- comedia. The time of his birth is unknown, and almost the only circumstance of his life which is beyond doubl is thai in the year 1327 he "a- senl on an embassy to Venice by the emperor Andronicus the elder. At this time he must have been ofa mature age. That he was yet alive in 1840 is evident from a letter still extant. which he wrote to the emperor Johannes Pahsologus, who ascended the throne in that year. D'Orville places his death in 1353", for which, however, be adduces no