second Btage, We have JeSUS called the Sc I Cod.
solely, it will follow, on account of a miraculous birth: Christ, or the presence of the Father, residing in Jesus: Jesus Buffering, ami Christ (=the Father) impassibilem sed compatienti in. The interval between this and Gnos- tic doctrine i- easily bridged over; and we have the cause of the comparisons and identifications that are often made of Sabellianism with Gnosticism. St e Mo-
\ \la III \s-.
The heresy of Praxeas. a- distinguished from that of Noetus, did not make much progress. It was almost unknown in Africa in the time of Optatus (i, 37). See Schaff, ' kurch Hist. vol. i: Neander, Church Hist. voL ii: ill. Hist, of Dogmas, i. 161 ; G -. Hist.
(see Ind.x in vol. iii); Baur, Dreieinigkeitslehre, i, 245 254; Liddon, Divinity of Christ (see Index); Allen, Ancient < 'lunch, p. 155; Alzog, Kirchtngesch. i. 182"; I'm--, n-o. Church Hist. (Heresies), p. b>'.' Bq.; Kavc. Tertullian, p. 198 Bq.; Milman. HisK of Latin Chris- tianifg, i. 7u-. Ueberweg, Hist, of Philos. i. 808; M<>— heim. Commentary on Eccles. Hist, (see Index in vol. i) : Lardner, Works (see Index in voL viii>: Water- land. Works, vol. vi; Biblical Repository, v, 839.; and
PRAXEAS
PRAYER
especially Blunt, Diet. Hist. Theol. s. v., of whose article we have freely availed ourselves.
Fraxeas. See Praxeans.
Praxedes, St., was an early convert to Christian- ity, according to some accounts, of the apostle Peter; but this is, of course, very doubtful, since we do not even know whether Peter was ever at Rome. The acts of her life are so surrounded by traditions as to be al- most entirely devoid of trustworthiness; but from these we learn that she was the daughter of St. Pudentius, a Roman senator, and sister of St. Pudentiana (q. v.). According to the legendary account, Praxedes, with her sister Pudentiana, devoted herself, after Peter had suf- fered martyrdom, to the relief and care of the suffering Christians, and to the burying of the bodies that were slain in the persecutions. They had the assistance of a holy man named Pastorus, who was devoted in their service. They shrank from nothing that came in the way of their self-imposed duties. They sought out and received into their houses such as were torn and muti- lated by tortures. They visited and fed such as were in prison. They took up the bodies of the martyred ones which were cast out without burial, and, carefully washing and shrouding them, they laid them reverently in the caves beneath their houses. All the blood they collected with sponges, and deposited in a certain well. Thus boldly they showed forth the faith which was in them, and yet. according to the most trustworthy ac- counts, they escaped persecution and martyrdom, and died peacefully and were buried in the cemetery of Priscilla. Pastorus wrote a history of their deeds and virtues. Their house, in which the apostle is reported to have preached, was consecrated as a place of Chris- tian worship by pope Pius I. Their churches are among the interesting remains of ancient Rome. In the nave of the church of Santa Prassede is a well, in which she is said to have put the blood of those who suffered on the Esquiline, while the holy sponge is preserved in a silver shrine in the sacristy. In the church of St. Pu- dentiana there is a well, said to contain the relics of 3000 martyrs. In Christian art they have frequently been made the subject of the painter's brush, and the two sisters are usually represented together, richly draped. The sponge and cup are their especial attri- butes. They are commemorated on the days on which they are supposed to have died — July 21 and May 19, A.D. 148. See Schaff, Church History, vol. ii; Butler, Lives of the Saints. (J. II. VV.)
Praxidice, a surname of Persephone among the Orphic poets, but at a later period she was accounted a goddess who was concerned with the distribution of justice to the human family. The daughters of Ogyges received the name of Pixixidica>, and were worshipped under the figure of heads of animals.
Praxiphanes (Upat,i^dvr}c'), a Peripatetic philos- opher, was a native either of Mytilene (Clem. Alex, i, oil."), ed. Potter) or of Rhodes (Strabo, xiv, 655). He lived in the time of Demetrius Poliorcetes and Ptolemy Lagi, and was a pupil of Theophrastus, about B.C. 322 (Proclus, i, In Timieum; Tzetzes, Ad Hesiod. Op. et Dies, 1). He subsequently opened a school himself, in which Epicurus is said to have been one of his pupils (Diog. Laert. x, 13). Praxiphanes paid especial atten- tion to grammatical studies, and is hence named along with Aristotle as the founder and creator of the science of grammar (Clem. Alex. /. c. ; Bekker, Anecdota, ii, 229, where lIpa^aparovQ should be read instead of 'Eiri^avovg). The writings of Praxiphanes appear to have been numerous, but have no special interest to- day. See Preller, Disjmtatio de Praxiphane Peripa- tetico inter antiquissimos grammaticos nobili (Dorpat, 1842).— Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Rom. Biorj. s. v.
Pray, Georges, a Hungarian Jesuit, noted as a historian, was born at Presburg in 1724. In 1740 he entered the Society of Jesus, taught in several of their
schools, and became, after the suppression of his order, historiographer of the kingdom of Hungary, and con- servator of the library of Buda. In 1790 he obtained a canonry at Grosswardein. He died near the close of the 18th century. Pray wrote, Annates veteres Hun- norum, Avarorum el Hungarorum ad annum Christ. MDXCVII deduct i (Vienna, 1761, fol., followed by Sup- plemental, ibid. 1775, fol."): — Annates regum Hungarice ad annum Chr. MDLXIV deducii (ibid. 1764-70,'5 pts. fol.): — De sacra dextera divi Stephani Hungarice regis' (il)id. 1771, 4to): — De Ladislao Hungarice rege (Pesth, 1774, 4to) : — De Salomone rege et Emerico duee Hunga- rice (ibid. 1774, 4to) : — Spiritual hi rarrhiiv J/ungaricas, compleetens seriem chronologicam arckiepiscoporum et episcoporum Hungariu . rum dinn sium delineatione (Pres- burg, 1778, 4to) : — Index librorum rariorum bibliothecce universitatis Budensis (Buda, 1780-81, 2 pts. 8vo): — Historia regum Hungarice, cum noiitiis ad eogtwsa m!um veterem regni statum (ibid. 1800-1, 3 pts. 8vo). — Hoefer, Nouc. Biog. Generate, s. v. See Horanyi, Memoriae Hungarorum, vol. iii ; Luca, Gelehrtes Oesterreich ; Roter- mund, supplement to Jocher, Gelehrtin-Lexikon, s. v.