IV. Literature. — The literature of preaching may be divided into two classes— the first embracing publica- tions relating to the art and science of preaching, and the second embracing the printed products of preaching, whether postils, homilies, or sermons. Of the first class, an extensive list is given in connection with the article on Homiletics (q. v.). Of the second, it would be easy to enumerate authors and books by hundreds. For se- lect and classified lists, see arts. Pulpit Eloquence; Sermons. Of recent books of the first class, the follow- ing may be named: Mullois (M. l'Abbe Isidore; trans- lated by George Percy Badger), The Clergy and the Pul- pit ii, their Relations to the People (N. Y. 1867, 12mo); Hood, Lamps, Pitchers, and Trumpets: Lectures on the Vocation of the Preacher (1st and 2d series, ibid. 18C9, 2 vols. 12mo); Parker, Ad Cleram: Advices to a Young Preacher (Bost. 1871. 12mo); Broadus, Preparation and
PREACHING FRIARS
434
PHEAPAMlTE
ermona (Phila. 1871, 12mo); Beecher,
urea on Preaching (1st, 2d, and 3d series,N.Y.
1872 74,3 rola. L2mo); Stores, Preaching without Notes
(ibid. 1875, l2mo); Hall, God's Word through Preach-
in^ (ibid. ls7.">. l2mo); Broad us. Lectures on ti
king (ibid. 1876, l2mo); Taylor, Thi Ministry of the Word (ibid. 1876, l2mo); Brooks, Lectures on Preaching (ibid. 1*77. 12mo); Dale, Ifim Lectures on 7 (ibid. 1878, l2mo). (D. P. K.>
Preaching Friars. See Dominicans.
Preadamite. Under this bead we pro
first, the question of the existence of wen older than the Biblical A. lam ; set ond, Prehistoric tribes in general.
I. Preadamic Men. — Whether men existed upon
the earth before Adam is a question firs! made | ni-
lunt in Europe by Isaac Peyrerius (La Peyrere). His reasoning in support of the affirmative is embodied in a work published anonymously in Paris, in 1655, and en- titled Prceadamita ; situ Exercitatio super versibus duodecimo, decimotertio <t decimoquarto capitis quinti Epistolce S. Pauli ad Romanos, quibus inducuntur Primi homines ante Adamum conditi. Very soon after- wards appeared, from the same am her. the following: i Theologicum ex Praeadamitarum Hypothesis Pars prima. Both works are new very rare (see Sol- geri Bibl, ii, 94; Freytag, Anal. p. 671; Bibl. Feuerlin, p. 588; Brunet, Manuel, et al.). The must accessible edition embraces the two works bound in one volume, L8mo, and published, without, place, "anno salutis MDCLV." A work appeared in English the next year with the following title: Man before Adam, or n Dis- coursi upon the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Verses of the Fifth Chapter of the /■',",'.<//, of Paul /" tht .- by which are prov'dtkat the First M<n inn created bef on Adam (Lond. 1656, L8mo, pp.351. It pur- port-. io be a- First Part"). The novel teaching of Pey- rerius was at once bitterly denounced, and a consider- able number of treatises were written in opposition. A list of these has been compiled by Eberl i Di No. 16,555). The following are the most important: Animadversiones in Librum Praeadamitarum i,i quibus confutatur nuperus scriptor, it primum omnium fuisse, Adamum defenditur, authon Eusebio Romano (Phil. Priorio, Paris, 1656, 8vo, and in Holland in the same
year, Bm. 12i : Non ens PraadamUicum : site Con-
futatio i-iini oujusdam somnii, quo Sacra Sci-iptura pratexfu incautioribus nuper imponeri conatus est qui- iliim anonymus fingens, ante Adamum primum fuisse ho- mines in mundo; authore An'. Hulsso (Lugd. Hat. apud Joan. Elzevir. 1656, sm. l2mo); Responsio exetastica ml tractatum cui titulus Prmadamita libri duo, auctore ./. Puthio (Lugd. Batavor. apud Johan. Elzivirium, 1656, sm. l2mo). The argument on both Bides, as might he supposed, was almost wholly Biblical and dialectic. The nature of the proofs employed by Peyrerius, and of his "theological system" built upon the fundamental doctrine of preadamic men. may ho condensed in the following propositions: 1. Thi | Rom. v.
12) by wl -sin entered into the world" was \A tm,
for in ver. I I that sin is called ••Adam's trans 2. "Transgression" is a violation of "law;" therefore I" the law" (ver. 13) signifies the law given to i.dam natural law, not that given to Moses. 3. The phrase ••until l In- law" i ver. |;i i implies a lime before the law l« fore Adam ; and as ".sin was in tin' world"
during that time, there must have been men in ex- istence to commit sin. I. The sin committed before the enactment ol if' natural law was "material," "actual ;"
the sin existinj and through hoi;, v, a-
•• imputed. " "formal." "legal," "adventitious," and '.'after the similitude of Adam's transgression." 6. Death entered into the world before Adam, hut it was in consequence of the imputation "backwards" of Adam':, prospective Bin "peccatum Adami fuisse retro imputatum primis hominibus ante Adamum c iiii-:"
and this was necessary, that all men might partake of the salvation provided in Christ— "oportuerat primes illos homim - peran isst i;; A lamo, ul sanctificarentur in
ChriBto" i I'liiml. cap. xi.\ i. Nevertheli ss, death i" fore
Adam did not ■■ ri atum tunc torn;
mortuum; mors erat mortua, et nullus erat sepulchri aculeus" (ibid. cap. xii). 6. Adam was the •• tirst man" only in the same sense a- Christ was the "second man." for Adam "was the fig ire of Christ" (Rom. v, 14). 7. All men are of one blood in the sense of one sub- Btance one " mattt r," one "earth." The Jews are de- scended from Adam, the Gentiles from Preadamites (System. TheoU lib. ii, cap. vi-xi). The tirst chapter of Genesis treats of the origin of the Gentiles, the second of the origin of the Jews (ibid. lib. iii, cap. i. ii). The i .i utiles were created aborigines" in the beginning," by the -word" of God, in all lauds; Adam, the father of the Jews, was formed of "clay" by the " hand" of God (ibid. lib. ii. cap. xi I. Gent sis. after chap. i. is a history, not of the first men. hut of the first Jews (ibid. lib. iv, cap. ii i. 8. The existence of Preadamites i- also indicated in the Biblical account of Adam's family, especially of Cain (ibid. lib. ii, cap. i\ i. '■'. Proved, also, by the " mon- uments" of Egypt and Chakkea, and by the history of the astronomy, astrology, theology, and magic of the (h utile- | ibid, lih. iii. cap. \ xii : as will as by the racial features of remote and savage tribes, and by thi ly discovered pan- of the terrestrial structun Proam.). 10. Hence the epoch of the creation of the world does not date from that "beginning" commonly figured in Adam. "Videtur enim altius et a longis- sime retroactis seculis petendum illud principiui