RETH.
With the cakes (0*3^. cavvanim ; Sept. xav&ree) which were offered in her honor, with incense and liba- tions, Selden compares the nirvpa (A. V. ". bran") of Ep. of Jer. 43, which were burned by the women who sat by the wayside near the idolatrous temples for the purposes of prostitution. These niTvpa were offered in sacrifice to Hecate while invoking her aid for success iu love (Theocr. ii, 33). The Targum gives "paW^S, har- dutin, which elsewhere appears to be the Greek xeipiSm- tvq, a sleeved tunic. Rashi says the cakes had the im- age of the god stamped upon them, and Theodoret that they contained pine-cones and raisins. — Smith. See Cake.
QUEEN OF THE SOUTH. See Sheba.
Queen Anne's Bounty is the name given in England to a fund appropriated to increase the income of the poorer clergy. It was created out of the first- fruits ami tenths which before the Reformation were ex- acted by the pope from the clergy. These were funded by a statute in queen Anne's time; hence the name. See Chambers's Encyclop. s. v. See Annates.
Queensferry Declaration. After the defeat at Bothwell Bridge, the stricter and more violent portion of the Covenanters drew off from the main body, and ad- hered exclusively to the ministers Cameron and Cargill. An outline of their opinion had been composed, and the document was found in possession of Hall of Haugbhead, on his apprehension at Queensferry on June 3, 1G80. Hall was mortally wounded as he was defending him- self, and Cargill, his companion, escaped. This docu- ment, unsigned and unfinished, and named after the place where it was seized, after affirming adherence to the Scriptures and the covenanted work of reformation, goes on, however, to say : " We do declare that we shall set up over ourselves, and over what God shall give us power of, government and governors according to the Word of God; that we shall no more commit the gov- ernment of ourselves, and the making of laws for us, to any one single person, this kind of government being most liable to inconveniences, and aptest to degenerate into tyranny." This bold avowal of revolution was soon charged against the entire Presbyterian body, and in- creased persecution was the result. — Eadie, Eccles. Cy- clop.8.v. See Covenanters; Rltherglen Decla- ration; Sanquhar Declaration.
QUEISS
840
QUEKIXI
Queiss, Ebebhasd von. a German prelate of the I Ei formation period, flourished neat the opening of the 16th century. In 1523 he was made bishop of Pomera- . nia. hut in the following year he fell constrained to an- nounce his abandonment of the old faith and became Protestant, [n 1527 he resigned his worldly power (the episcopates of Germany then holding secular as well as ecclesiastical sway i into the bands of the duke of Pome- rania. He also abandoned the celibate, and in every way he identified himself with the- Protestant cause.! He was overshadowed by the greatness of his predeces- sor in the - • . I >• orge von Polentz i q. v. ), and little is known of Queiss after 1527. Probabl] his decease only - later was the reason for this obscured page in his life's history.
Quelen, Hya< djthb Louis de, a French Roman Catholic prelate Of note, was born at Paris. Oct 8, 1778, and was educated at the seminary in Si. Sulpice. In 1807 he was ordained to the priesthood, and made shortly after secretary of cardinal Fesch. When this noted dignitary fell out with Napoleon, Quelen accom- j panied his eminence to Lyons. I'nder the Restoration he became general vicar of Talleyrand, took an active part in the i stablishment of the concordat, and was re- warded for his valuable Bervices by the bishopric mpar- tibus ofSamosata in lxi'J. When Talleyrand was ele- vated i" the archbishopric of Paris. Quelen was made! utor cum spt succedendi, and on Oct, 20, 1821, | i Talleyrand in the primacy of Frame. He made many journeys and busied himself greatly with mtroversiesi Francis de Sals. Vincent de Paul I; but hi> stout advocacy of Ultramontanism and the Jes- uits, whose expulsion from France in 1828 he vainly en- deavored to prevent, made him very unpopular, and he was subjected to repeated attacks in his palace by the mobs of Paris iii 1830 and 1831. He lived on, however, until 1839, when sudden death ended the ignominious role of this great ecclesiastic. See Henrion, Vie et Tra- | vaux Apostoliques de .1A. de Quelen; D'Exauvillez, Vk I lavel, Hist, (hret.des Dioceses de France, s. v. \ Quenstedt, Johanh Andreas, a German theolo- gian, was born at Quedlinburg in 1617, studied at Ilelm- Btadl under Calixtus and Hornejus, and in Wittenberg under Leyser. Won to the theology of the latter high-
Bcl 1. he became in 16-16 theological adjunct, in 1649
extraordinary, and in 1660 ordinary professor of theology ' at Wittenberg, and always distinguished himself as a most ardent Lutheran. He died in 1688. His most celebrated work, Theologia Didactico-polemiea, .
A ittenb. 1685), is a most elaborate treatise of Lutheran scholasticism, and constitutes one of the best polemics of its distinguishing dogmas. Other works of his of note are. I >< SepuUura Veterum (ibid. 1648, 8vo, and later): — Dialogus de Patriis TUustrium Doctrina et Scriptis Virorum (ibid. 1654, 4to): — Dis- putaticmes Exegetica m Epistolam <i<l Colossenses (ibid. 1664, In., : -Ethica Pastoralti (ibid. 1678, 8vo, and: later): - Antitpjitates Biblica et Eccksiastica (ibid. . and later). Personally Quenstedt was a mild, unpretentious character, and even his polemics is nothing less than zealoticaL He appeared on the stage when the period of dissolution had touched Lutheran* ism and rejuvenated the old orthodox spirit, and gave it new and attractive form. His power was not only with his pen. but in the university. See Hagenbach,