set I '■• - . Jocher, AUgem, G / . . -. Tli-luck. Wittenberger Theologen, p. 214
Mchlt der protest. Dogmatik, i. 357 sq. (.I.II.W.
Quental, Bartholomed do, a Portuguese theolo- gian, was born of noble parentage, Aug. 22, 1626, in the 5t Michael. Azores. In 1643 be was at m to Por- tugal to study at Evora and other Portuguese high-
BChools, and alnr taking holy order- became I the
i- of the king. He greatly served papal in- terests, ami was distinguished by pope Clement XI with
the title of " the venerable." Quental introduced the "Congregation of the Oratory," and in other ways strengthened Romanism. He died at Lisbon, Dec. 20, 1698. Hi- principal \\.>rk- are. Meditacoes I Li-h. 1666- 95,6vols.8vo):— /Sermoetl ibid. 1692, tto). See Nicerou, M emoires, voL xlii. — Hoefer, A1 ..//<•, xli.
300.
Queras, Mathtjrix, a French controversialist, was born at Sens, Aug. 1. 1614, Btudied theology at Paris, where he obtained the doctorate, and was attached to the Sorbonne. He was a Jansenisl in proclivity, and in 1656 refused to abandon the Port-Royalists even on the threat of being ousted from his professorship. He was rewarded for his consistency by the archbishop ol S> ns, who made Queras one of his grand vicars and placed him at the head of his theological seminary. In 1674. upon the death of his protector, Queras was obliged to retire to Troves, and became prior oi Bt.Quentin. He spent the remainder of his life, like the Port-Loyalists. in retirement and penitence. He died April '.'. 1695. His most important works is Eclaircissement de cttte Ce&brt ei Tmportantt Question, referring to the decisions of the Council of Trent on the dogmas of justification and grace | Paris. 1683, 8vo), in which he take- ground against the council. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Gt nerah . s. v.
Querents, Stkod of. In the year 403 a council was held at a place in the neighborhood ofChalcedon. The spot is designated t7ri Spvv (to the oak), and the coun- cil is therefore known as the t 'oncilium ad Qui n um. It was presided over by Paul, bishop of Heraclea. Theoph- ilus of Alexandria here bucci i d( d in i Hi cting the dep- osition of his archenemy St. John Chrysostom, which was decreed by the thirty-six bishops present, among whom were Acacius of Berea, Severianus of Cabala, in Syria. Antiochus of Ptolemais, and Cyprian of ( Ihalce- don. St. Chrysostom was cited, but refused to appear, nnli ss I beopbilus, Acacius. Antiochus, and others of his declared foes withdrew. The emperor Arcadius, yield- ing to the wish oi bis wife Eudoxia, who bad deter- mined the ruin of Chrysostom. continued the judgment of the council, and banished him to Bithynia. How- ever, an earthquake, which occurred on the very day of his departure, terrified the empress to such a degree that be was instantly brought back, and re-entered Constan- tinople in triumph. — Landon. Man. of & uncils, p. 501. See Chrysostom.
Querini, Axgexo MArta, an illustrious Italian prel- ate of the Church of Lome, was bom at Venice, of noble parentage, in 1680. He first studied under the Jesuits, and at the age of seventeen entered the Benedictine or- der. Having become well acquainted with the I in I k. Hebrew, and Biblical learning, he was made instructor of the novices, for whom he wrote a dissertation, Dt Mo- saicce J/i.<t"/iir Prcestantia. He afterwards travelled four years in Prance. England, Holland, and Germany, and enjoyed the society of some of the most distin- guished men of those countries. In his CommentarU de A'< bus ml st /'< rtint ntibus, he gives Borne account of what he saw and the conversations he had with many learned men. < hi his return to Italy he published several works on liturgic antiquities: Vetiu Offidum Quadragerimale Grcecia Orthodoxa: DiafrUta udPriorem Partem Ve- tera Officii : — De Ecclesiasticorvm Offiaarum apud [ntiguitatt : />< Hymnu Quadragesimalibus Gracontm: — De Aim Canticis Quadragesimalibvs. In 1721 Querini was made archbishop of Corfu, and he wrote on the antiquities and history of thai island. In 1728 he was transferred to the set ol Brescia, and Boon afb r he was made a cardinal and librarian of the Vati- can. It wa- ain r hi- promotion to tlo Bee ol Brescia that he wrote bis literary history "I Brescia. He also published the Lhot t of Paid II (q. v.) and Paul in (q. v.), in the former of which he endeavored to char the mem- ory of that pope from the charges of Platina and other historians; and he edited a collection of the epistli b of cardinal Reginald Pole. His other works consist of die-
QUESNEL
841
QUETIF
sertations upon literary subjects, both sacred and pro- fane, and of numerous epistles, chiefly in Latin. Car- dinal Querini was in every respect one of the most dis- tinguished prelates of the Roman Church in the 18th century. Spotless in his morals, modest and simple in his habits, generous, meek, and charitable, he concil- iated the esteem of men of all countries and opinions. Frederick the Great wrote to him in the most flattering terms. Voltaire dedicated to him his tragedy of Semir- amis and other works. Querini labored particularly to improve the town of Brescia, of which he was bishop. He completed the structure of its handsome cathedral, founded a clerical college, a house for female instruction in the Val Camonica, and, lastly, he established the pub- lic library of Brescia. He died in 1755. — English Cyclop. s. v.