Ram's Horn (VOV1, yobel', Josh, yi, 4, 13 ; else- where "jubilee," " trumpet"). The Hebrew word ken 11, i. e. horn, is also used for the crooked trumpet, a very ancient instrument. Sometimes it was made of the horns of oxen, and sometimes ram's horns were employed. It is probable that in later times they were made of metal. They were employed in war, and on solemn occasions (Exod. xix, 13). The latter word is also rendered cornet (Dan. iii, 5, 7, 10-15). See Jubilee ; Musical Instru- ments.
Rams' Skins Dyed Red (Dia^fcW d^lK Trrj [Exod. xxv, 5 ; xxxv, 7],'oroth < //'/;/ m< uddamim ; Sept. ceppara icpioiv r'jpvSrpocarojph'a; Vulg. pelles arietum rubricuta) formed part of the materials that the Israel- ites were ordered to present as offerings for the making of the tabernacle (Exod. xxv, 5), of which they served as the outer covering, there being under the rams' skins another covering of badgers' skins. See Tabernacle. The words may be rendered "red rams' skins," and then may be understood as the produce of the African audad, the Oris tragelaphus of naturalists, whereof the bearded sheep are a domesticated race. The tragelaphus is a distinct species of sheep, having a shorter form than the common species, and incipient tear-pits. Its normal color is red, from bright chestnut to rufous chocolate, which last is the cause of the epithet pinple being given to it by the poets. Dr. Harris thinks that the skins in question were tanned and colored crimson ; for it is well known that what is now termed red morocco was man- ufactured in the remotest ages in Libya, especially about the Tritonian Lake, where the original a\gis, or goat-skin breastplate of Jupiter and Minerva, was dyed bright red; and the Egyptians had most certainly red leather in use, for their antique paintings show harness- makers cutting it into slips for the collars of horses and furniture of chariots. — Kitto. It is much more prob- able, however, that the skins were those of the domestic breed of rams, which, as Rashi says, "were dyed red after they were prepared." See Ram.
Ramsauer, Otto IIeinricii David, a hymnist of the Reformed Church, was born Nov. 19, 1829, at Ol- denburg. Having made his preparatory studies at the gymnasium of his native place, lie went, in 184s. to Zu- rich, in Switzerland, where the well-known Dr. J. P. Lange especially attracted him. While yet a student he wrote a collection of hymns, entitled Der Fried* und die Freude der Kirche, which were edited by his teacher in 1851. In 1852 he was appointed vicar to dean Frei in Trogen, in Switzerland, whom he also succeeded in the pastorate. Three years afterwards, May 27, 1856, he died in the vigor of life. Some of his hymns are very fine, but have not yet found a place in any of our modern German hymn-books. See Koch, Geschichte des
1IAMSAY
904
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fleutschen KirchenUedes, vii, 384; Zuchold, Bibliotheca Theological, 1027. (B. P.)
Ramsay, James P., a Presbyterian minister, was born near Canonsburg, Pa., Aug. 26, L809. He gradu- ated from Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pa., in L827; prosecuted the study of theology under his venerated father, then sole professor in the Theological Seminar} of the Associate Church; was licensed to preach Aug. 27, L833, by the Presbytery of Chartiere, and was or- dained and installed pastor of the congregation of Deer Creek,New Bedford, Lawrence Co., Pa., July l. 1835, by the Associate Presbytery of Obio. For about twenty- two years be continued faithfully testifying the Gospel of the grace of God among this people. I in i. Ids health failing, he subsequently located himself in New Wil- mington, and for a time exercised his ministry there, lie died Jan. 30, 1862. See Wilson, Presb. Hist. Alma- nac, L863, p.362. (J. L. S.)
Ramsdell, Hezekiah S.. a minister of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, was born al Chatham, Conn., Dec. 4, 1804. When ten years old, the death of his father lefl him to support himself. At sixteen he was converted, and commenced preaching at nineteen. He joined the New England Conference in 1825, and his successive appointments wire. Needham, Chelsea, Vt.; Craftsbury, Vt.; [risburg, \'t. : Tolland. Conn.; Wind- sor. Conn.: Tolland and Stafford, Manchester, Conn.; East Putnam, Conn. ; Colchester, Conn. ; EastPutnam, Vernon, Conn.; Vernon and Windsorville, East Putnam, Coventry. From 1833 to L861, and again from 1868, impaired health prevented him from active work. He frequently spoke on temperance, of which lie was an earnest, able advocate, lie also served with marked ability in the Senate of the State of Connecticut, and tilled various offices of responsibility and trust. Those conversant with his comparatively brief, active ministry speak of him as an able, eloquent preacher, and as equally an indefatigable pastor. In one locality his earnest advocacy of truth raised the anger of some, and they resolved at his next visit to tar and feather him. It was no idle threat; the preparations were made; his brethren urged him not to go, hut he was fearless, and went The leader of the mob was awaken- ed, converted, and became his fast friend. Mr. Ramsdell lived to see his views prevail among his fellows. He died Oct. 23, 1*77. See Minutes of Annual Conferences, 1878.
Ramsey, William I'... a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, was horn in Rutherford Co., Tenn., March 12, 1831. lie embraced religion in 184(5, was licensed to preach in 1863, ami was admitted on trial in the Memphis Conference in the fall of that year. Mi- health failing him in I*,", 1. he entered Andrew College, from which he graduated in 1858. lie was readmitted into the Conference in the same year, granted a super- numerary relation in 1862, and in 1863 served in the Con- federate army as chaplain lor four months. He died of consumption, July, 1865. Mr. Ramsey was sweet-spirit- ed, modest, and unassuming. -Minutes of innual Con- ferences of the Meth. Episc. Church, Smith. L865, p. 594