17. Fan—floor—purge. See on Matt. iii. 12. 18. Other (€repa). Rather, various, different.
Preached (evnyyedifero). Rev. preserves the fuller meaning of the word according to its etymology : preached good tidings. See on Gospel, Superscription of Matthew.
19, 20. Compare Matt. xiv. 8-5; Mark vi. 17-20. 19. Being reproved (é\eyyouevos). See on Jas. ii. 9.
Evils (7ovnpév). Of several words in the New Testament denoting evil, this emphasizes evil in its activity. Hence Satan is 6 rrovnpds, the evil one. An evil eye (Mark vii. 22) is a mis- chief-working eye. See on Mark vii. 21.
Added (mpocédnxev). Used by Luke twice as often as in all the rest of the New Testament. A very common medical word, used of the application of remedies to the body, as our apply, administer. So Hippocrates, “ apply wet sponges to the head ; ” and Galen, “apply a decoction of acorns,” ete.
In prison. See on Matt. xiv. 3.
Cu. IV.) LUKE. 287
21-23. Compare Matt. iii. 18-17; Mark i. 9-11.
21. Was opened (avewy9 var). So Matthew, but Mark oyugo- pévous, rent.
22. The Holy Ghost. Better, Spirit. Matthew has the Spirit of God: Mark, the Spirit.
In a bodily shape. Peculiar to Luke.
Thou art my beloved son. Lit., Zhou art my son, the be- loved. So Mark. ButMatthew, Zhis is my son, the beloved.
23. Began to be about thirty years of age (%v apxopevos dcel érav tpidxovta). Peculiar to Luke. A. V. is wrong. It should be as Rev:, when he began (to teach) was about thirty
years of age.
CHA RTELLLY, 1-13. Compare Matt. iv. 1-11; Mark i. 12-13.
1. Was led. So Matthew. Mark says, “ The Spirit drwweth, (éxBarrec) or thrusteth him forth.
By the Spirit (év 76 mvevpars). The American Revisers ren- der in the spirit, indicating the sphere rather than the impulse of his action.
Into the wilderness. The A. V. has followed the reading eis, into. The proper reading is év, ¢m. He was not only im- pelled into the wilderness, but guided im the wilderness by the Spirit.
9. Forty days. This should be joined with the preceding words, indicating the duration of his stay in the wilderness, not of his temptation, as A. V., being forty days tempted. ead as Rev., in the wilderness during forty days.
288 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. (Cu. 1V.
The devil. See on Matt. iv. 1.
He did eat nothing. Mark does not mention the fast. Matthew uses the word vyotedvoas, having Jasted, which, throughout the New Testament, is used of abstinence for re- ligious purposes; a ritual act accompanying seasons of prayer.
3. This stone. Matthew, these stones.
Bread (dpros). Lit., a loaf. See on Matt. iv. 3. Matthew has the plural loaves.
4. It is written. See on Matt. iv. 4. By bread (ém’ dpt@). Lit., “on bread,” implying depend- ence. Compare, by every word (ém\ wavtt piyart, Matt. iy, 4),
5. The world. See on ch. ii. 1.
In a moment of time (ev oteyuh ypdvov). Peculiar to Luke. Srvypm is literally a mark made by a pointed instrument, a dot: hence a point of time. Only here in New Testament. Com- pare otiywara, brand-marks, Gal. vi. 17. Tynd., in the twin- kling of an eye.
6. Note the emphatic position of the pronouns: “To thee will I give—for to me it hath been delivered : thou, therefore, if thou wilt worship,” ete. Luke, in his narrative, enlarges upon Matthew. Compare Matt. iv. 9.
8. Serve. ee on ch. i. 74. :
9. He brought (iyayev). Rev., led. See on TaparayBaver, taketh, Matt. iv. 5.
Pinnacle of the temple. See on Matt. iv. 5.
Down from hence. Matthew has down only.
Cu. IV.] LUKE. 989
10. To keep (GvapvddEar). Only here in New Testament. Better as Rev., guard. See on 1 Pet. i. 4. The preposition implies close, careful guarding. The phrase, to guard thee, is wanting in Matthew.