11. In their hands (éi yeypdv). Rev., correctly, on. See on Matt. iv. 6.
12. It is said. For Matthew’s 7c zs written, Matt. iv. 7. Luke omits Matthew’s again. See Matt. iv. 7.
13. Had ended allthe temptation. Peculiar to Luke. The verb cuvtedéoas, from avr, together, and tedéw, to accomplish, means to bring to one end together; hence to bring to an end utterly. Better therefore as Rey., completed. The temptations formed a complete cycle, so that it could afterward be said of Jesus that “he was im all points tried like as we are” (Heb. Laeey
All the temptation (aavta 7reipacuov). Incorrect. Rey., rightly, every temptation. So Wyc., Lvery temptation ended.
For a season (dype xaspod). Peculiar to Luke. More strictly, until a convenient time ; since Satan meant to assail him again, as he did in the person of Peter (Mark viii. 83); by the Phari- sees (John viii. 40 sq.); and at Gethsemane. See ch. xxii. 53.
15. He taught (aitos édédackev). Lit., “he himself taught,” verifying the favorable reports about himself in person. The imperfect tense denotes.a course of teaching.
16-31. Peculiar to Luke.
16. Nazareth. With the article; that Nazareth where he had been brought up.
Stood up. Not as a sign that he wished to expound, but being summoned by the superintendent of the synagogue. 19
290 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cx. IV.
To read (dvayvdva). Usually in New Testament of public reading. After the liturgical services which introduced the worship of the synagogue, the “minister” took a roll of the law from the ark, removed its case and wrappings, and then called upon some one to read. On the Sabbaths, at least seven persons were called on successively to read portions of the law, none of them consisting of less than three verses. After the law fol- lowed a section from the prophets, which was succeeded imme- diately by a discourse. It was this section which Jesus read and expounded. See Acts xiii. 15; Neh. viii. 5, 8. For a de- tailed account of the synagogue-worship, see Edersheim, “ Life and Times of Jesus,” 1., 480 sq.
17. The book (8:8réiov). A diminutive of BiBros, the inner bark of the papyrus, used for writing. Jence a roll. The word is also used to denote a division of a work, and is there- fore appropriate here to mark the writings of a single prophet as related to the whole body of the prophetic writings.
Opened (avarrvéas). Lit., unrolled. Both this and the simple verb rrvaca, to close (ver. 30), occur only once in the New Testament. The former word was used in medical lan- guage of the opening out of various parts of the body, and the latter of the rolling up of bandages. The use of these terms by Luke the physician is the more significant from the fact that elsewhere in the New Testament avo/y is used for the opening of a book (Apoc. v. 2-5; x. 2, 8; xx. 12); and eidioow, for rolling it up (Apoe. vi. 14).
Found. As if by chance: reading at the place where the roll opened of itself, and trusting to divine guidance.
Was written (iv yeypaupévov). Lit., was having been written ; i.e., stood written.
18. Anointed. See on Christ, Matt. i. 1.
To preach good tidings. See on Gospel, Superscription of Matthew.
Cu. IV.] LUKE. 291
To the poor (7twyois). See on Matt. v. 3.
To heal the brokenshearted. The best texts omit. So Rey.
To preach («npvéas). Better as Rev., proclaim, as a herald. See on 2 Pet. ii. 5.
To the captives (aiywadeéros). From ays, a spear-point, and ddicKopat, to be taken or conquered. Hence, properly, of "prisoners of war. Compare Isa. xlii.7: “To bring out captives - from the prison, and those who sit in darkness from the house of restraint.” The allusion is to Israel, both as captive exiles and as prisoners of Satan in spiritual bondage. Wye. has caytifs, which formerly signified captives.