Fourfold. The restoration required of a thief (Exod. xxii. 1).
11. Appear (avadaiveo3a). Only here and Acts xxi. 3. It means to be brought to light ; shown forth. The common phrase show up (avd) represents it.
410 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Ca XIX.
13. His ten servants (Séxa SovAous éavrod). Rev., rightly, changes to ten servants of his, since the his is emphatic; lit., his own. Moreover, it would be absurd to suppose that this nobleman, of consequence enough to be raised to a royal dig- nity, had but ten servants. The number of slaves in a Roman household was enormous, sometimes reaching hundreds. Toward the end of the Republic, it was considered reprehensible not to have a slave for every sort of work.
Pounds (uvas.) Minas. Between sixteen and eighteen dol- lars apiece. Meyer very aptly remarks: “The small sum astonishes us. Compare, on the other hand, the talents (Matt. xxv.). But in Matthew, the Lord transfers to his servant his whole property ; here he has only devoted a definite sum of money to the purpose of putting his servants to the proof there- with; and the smallness of the amount corresponds to what is so carefully emphasized in our parable, viz., the relation of faithfulness an the least to its great recompense (ver. 17); which relation is less regarded in the parable in Matthew” (‘‘ Commentary on Luke”).
Occupy (mpaypatevcacde). The word occupy has lost the sense which it conveyed to the makers of the A, V.—that of using or laying out what is possessed. An occupier formerly meant a trader. Occupy, in the sense of to use, occurs Judges xvi. 11: “new ropes that never were occupied ;” which Rev. changes to wherewith no work hath been done. Compare the Prayer-Book version of the Psalter, Ps. evii. 23: “occupy their business in great waters.” So Latimer, “Sermons,” “He that occupreth usury.” Rev., trade ye. Wyc., merchandise ye. Tynd., buy and sell. See on traded, Matt. xxv. 16.
Till | come (és épyouat). It is strange that the Rev. follows this reading without comment, while the Revisers’ text takes no notice whatever of the reading of four of the leading manu- scripts, which is adopted by both Tischendorf and Westcott and Hort; év 6 épyoua, “ while I come,” a condensed form of expression for while [go and return.
Cu. XIX.) LUKE. 411
15. Had gained by trading (dserpaypyatevoato). Only here in New Testament. See on ver. 13.
16. Hath gained (zpoonpydcato). Only here in New Tes- tament. Lit., hath worked besides (pos) the original sum. Rev., made.
Have thou authority (ic9: é€ovciav éyor). Lit., Be thou having authority.
Cities. “A city for a pound, yet not even a cottage could be bought for a pound” (Bengel).
18. Made (érroincev). See on Matt. xxv. 16.
20. | kept (eZyov). The imperfect. I was keeping while thou wert absent.
Napkin (covdapie). The Latin sudariwm, from sudor, per- spiration : a cloth for wiping off the sweat. Trench notes that the napkin which the idle servant does not need for its proper use (Gen. iii. 19) he uses for the wrapping up of his pound.
21. Austere (atornpos). From ato, to dry. Dry, and thence hard. See on hard, Matt. xxv. 24.
Sow (éo7reipas). See on strawed, Matt. xxv. 24.
22. Thou knewest. To be read interrogatively. “ Didst thou know that? Then, for that reason, thou shouldst have been the more faithful.”
23. Bank (rpdmefav). Lit., the table of the money-changer. Wyc., board. See on eachangers, Matt. xxv. 27.
Usury (rox). Better interest, as Rev. See on usury, Matt. xxv. 27.
412 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. ([Cu. XIX.
27. But (adv). Rev., howbedt. However it may be with the unfaithful servant.
Slay (xatacpafare). Only here in New Testament. A | strong word: slaughter ; cut them down (kata).
29-44. Compare Matt. xxi. 1-11; Mark xi. 1-11. 29. Bethphage. See on Matt. xxi. 1. 31. The Lord. See on Matt. xxi. 3.