smite, etc. The meaning then is, yermit them to go so far as to seizeme. ‘The expression thus corresponds with Matt. xxvi. 52,
Ear (@riov). This time Luke uses the diminutive. Wye., little ear.
Healed. Only Luke records the Htealing.
52. Thief (Ayorv). See on Matt. xxvi. 55; Luke x. 30; Mark xi. 17.
54-62. Compare Matt. xxvi. 57, 58, 69-75; Mark xiv. 53, 54, 66-72.
55. Kindled (zreptaypavtwv). Lit., kindled all round (wept): set in full blaze.
Hall. Or court. See on Mark xiv. 54. 56. By the fire (pos 7d dds). See on Mark xiy. 54.
63. Smote (dépovres). Originally to flay ; thence to cudgel. Compare our vulgarism, to ¢an or Azde.
66. The elders (xpeaSurépiov). More correctly, the assembly of the elders. So Rev.
Cu. XXIII] LUKE. 427
CHAPTER XXIII. 1-5. Compare Matt. xxvii. 1,2; 11, 14; Mark xv. 1-5.
2. We found. In a judicial sense: as the result of their examination before the council.
5. Were the more fierce (éricyvov). Only here in New Testament. The verb means, literally, ¢o grow strong. See on ch. xiv. 30; xvi.3. Here the sense is, they were more energetic and emphatic. Rev., urgent. Wyc., waxed stronger.
Stirreth up (dvace/e:). See on Mark xv. 11. The in- creased urgency is shown by the use of a stronger word than perverteth (ver. 2).
6. Of Galilee. The best texts omit.
7. Sent (dvéreuev). Lit., sent him up (avd). Used of sending up to a higher court. Compare Acts xxv. 21, of send- ing Paul to Caesar. It also means to send back, as in ver. 11, and Philem. 11.
8. Of a long time (€& ‘xavod). See on ch. vii. 6.
Hoped (iAmvéev). Imperfect; was hoping—all this long time.
Miracle (cnetov). See on Matt. xi. 20; and compare Acts ii. 22, Rev.
9. Many (ixavois). Compare long, ver. 8. 10. Vehemently (edrdvws). Only here and Acts xviii. 28,
of the preaching of Apollos. Originally the word means well- strung ; hence, in medical language, of a well-toned body.
428 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XXIII.
11. Gorgeous (Aawrpav). Lit., bright or brelivant. Com- pare Acts x. 830; Apoe. xv. 6. Wye. and Tynd., white. Mark has purple (rropdipayv), and Matthew scarlet (koxxivnv).
Apparel (é09f7a). The general term forraiment. Matthew specifies the garment (xxvii. 28). Mark has simply purple CXVael 0).
18-25. Compare Matt. xxvii. 15-26; Mark xv. 6-15.
14. Perverteth (dzocrpégovra). Another compound of atpépo, to turn ; Svactpépovta is rendered by the same word in ver. 2. Probably the words are used’ without any intentional distinction of meaning. Avacrpépovra implies more of the idea of destraction (compare Wye., turning upside down); turning different ways; while dvootpéfovta emphasizes the turning away (amo) of the people from their civil and religious alle- giance. So Wye. turning away.
Examined (dvaxpivas). Originally implying a thorough ex- amination ; avd, wp, from bottom to top. Technically, of a legal examination.
16. Chastise (vrasdevoas). Originally to bring up a child (mais). Hence, to instruct ; so Acts vii. 22, of Moses instructed in the wisdom of the Egyptians; and Acts xxii. 3, of Paul zin- structed in the law. To discipline or correct, as Heb. xii. 6, 7. The word is not synonymous with Punish, since it always im- plies an infliction which contemplates the subject’s amendment ; and hence answers to chastise or chasten. So Heb. xii. LO; Apoe. iii. 19. In popular speech chastise and punish are often confounded. Chasten is from the Latin castus, ‘‘ pure,” . chaste ;” and to chasten is, properly, to purify. This meaning underlies even the use of the word by Pilate, who was not likely to be nice in his choice of words. Instead of punishing him with death, he will chastise him, in order to teach him better. So Wye., J shall deliver him amended.
Cu. XXII] LUKE. 429
18. All together (ray7rA7 Jel). The whole multitude (7A}9os) of them. Only here in New Testament.