‘Those that are froward to an appetite ;”
i.e., averse. Compare the phrases Zo- God-ward (2 Cor. iii. 4); to-us-ward.
19. Conscience toward God (cuveldnow Ocoi). Reyv., in margin, conscience of Cod. The idea is not conscientiousness in the ordinary sense, but the conscious sense of one’s relation to God ; lis consciousness of God. Thus one suffers patiently,
648 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. (Cu. II.
not from a conscientious sense of duty, but from an inner con- sciousness of his relation to God asa son, and to Christ as a joint-heir, which involves his suffering with him no less than his being glorified with him.
20. What glory (cofov xnéos). Lit., what kind of glory. This word for glory occurs nowhere else in the New Testament.
Buffeted (xoradifouevor). See Matt. xxvi. 67: struck with the fist. This whole passage, vv. 19-24, bears the mark of Peter’s memories of the scene of Christ’s last sufferings (see Introduction)—the blows of the servants, the scorn of the high- priest, the silent submission of Jesus, the cross, the stripes.
21. Leaving (i7rodiurrdvev). Only here in the New Testa- ment.
An example (izroypauuov). Only here in the New Testa- ment. A graphic word, meaning a copy set by writing-masters for their pupils. Some explain it as a copy of characters over which the student is to trace the lines.
Follow (éaxorovdjonte). Lit., follow upon. The com- pound verb implies close following. From writers and painters, the metaphor changes now to a guide.
22. Found (eipé9n). Stronger than the simple was, and in- dicating a guilelessness which had stood the test of scrutiny. Compare Matt. xxvi. 60; John xviii. 88; xix. 4,6. Christ’s sinlessness had also stood the test of Peter’s intimacy.
23. Reviled—again (dvtedovddper). Only here in the New Testament.
Committed himself (zapediSov). But this gives a reflexive force to the verb which has no parallel. Commentators are divided, some supplying Acs cause, as Rev., in margin ; others, his judgment ; others, his revilers. Better, the subject of the
Cu. 1] THE FIRST GENERAL EPISTLE OF PETER. 649
contest—his insults and injuries. Salmond renders, but left i to him, ete.
Judgeth righteously. Compare without respect of persons, chyisly.
24. Bare (avnveyxev). See on ver. 5. Bare up to the cross, as to an altar, and offered himself thereon.
The tree (EvAov). Lit, wood. Peter uses the same pecu- liar term for the cross, Acts v. 30; x. 39.
Being dead (dzroyevopevor). Rey., more strictly, having died. Used here only in the New Testament. The rendering of the verb can be given only in a clumsy way, having become off unto sins ; not becoming separate from sins, but having ceased to exast as regards them. Compare Rom. vi. 18.
Stripes (ure). Lit., bruise. So Rev., in margin. Only here in New Testament; meaning a bloody wale which arises under a blow. “Such a sight we feel sure, as we read this descriptive passage, St. Peter’s eyes beheld on the body of his Master, and the flesh so dreadfully mangled made the disfigured form appear in his eyes like one single bruise” (Lumby).
25. For ye were as sheep going astray (‘Te yap os mpoBata Tavapevor); %.¢., as commonly understood, ye were like straying sheep. But the ye were should be construed with the participle going astray, the verb and the participle together denoting habitual action or condition. Render, as Rev., ye were going astray like sheep. See on Mark xii. 24.
Bishop. See on ver. 12.