1. Likewise (6uolws). Rev., in like manner; better, because likewise in popular speech has, wrongly, the sense of adso. Peter means in like manner with servants (ch. ii. 18).
650 WORD STUDIBS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IIL,
Be in subjection (Srotraccopeva). Lit., beng in subjection, or submitting yourselves; the same word which is used of the submission of servants (ch. ii. 18).
Be won (xepdnIjcovtas). Rev., be gained. The word used by Christ, Matt. xviii. 15: “gained thy brother.”
9. While they behold (é7omtevcavtes). See on ch. ii. 12. Conversation. See onch. i. 15. Rev., behawior. Coupled with fear (€v fo8@). Lit., in fear.
3. Of plaiting (éu7doxfjs). Only here in New Testament. Compare 1 Tim. ii. 9. The Roman women of the day were addicted to ridiculous extravagance in the adornment of the hair. Juvenal (“Satire,” vi.) satirizes these customs. He says: “The attendants will vote on the dressing of the hair as if a question of reputation or of life were at stake, so great is the trouble she takes in quest of beauty ; with so many tiers does she load, with so many continuous stories does she build up on high her head. She is tall as Andromache in front, behind she is shorter. You would think her another person.” The hair was dyed, and secured with costly pins and with nets of gold thread. False hair and blond wigs were worn.
Putting on (évdtcews). Only here in New Testament. Female extravagance in dress in the days of the empire reached an alarming pitch.
4. Meek (zpaéos). See on Matt. v. 5.
Of great price (oAvtedés). The word used to describe costly raiment, 1 Tim, ii. 9.
5. Adorned (éxdcpovv). Imperfect tense. Were accustomed to adorn.
Cu. IIL] THE FIRST GENERAL EPISTLE OF PETER. 651
6. Amazement (aronow). Rev., terror. Compare the kin- dred verb wrondfre, be terrified, Luke xxi. 9; xxiv. 387; on which, see note. The word means @ scare, or nervous eucite- ment.
7. According to knowledge. With an intelligent recog- nition of the nature of the marriage relation.
The woman (76 yuvaixei). Not anoun, however, as would appear from the ordinary rendering, but an adjective, agreeing with oxever, vessel, as does also doSevertép@, weaker. Both are attributes of vessel ; the female vessel as weaker. So Rev., in margin.
Vessel (cxever). Compare 1 Thess. iv. 4. The primary idea of vessel, which is formed from the Latin vasellwm, the diminu- tive of vas, a vase, is that of the receptacle which covers and contains; the case or protecting cover. Hence it is allied, ety- mologically, with vest, vestment, and wear. It is used in the New Testament (1) in the sense of a cup or dish (Luke viii. 16; John xix. 29; 2 Tim. ii. 20; Apoe. ii. 275 xviii. 12)x- (2) Of the man, as containing the divine energy, or as a subject of divine mercy or wrath, and hence becoming a divine instrument. Thus Paul is a chosen vessel to bear God’s name (Acts ix. 15). Vessels of wrath (Rom. ix. 22); of mercy (Rom. ix. 23). So of the woman, as God’s instrument, along with man, for his service in the family and in society. (3) Collectively, in the plural, of all the implements of any particular economy, as a house, or aship. Matt. xii, 29, goods ; Acts xxvii. 17, the tackling or gear of a ship.
Giving (drovéwovtes). Only here in New Testament. The word means, literally, to portion out, and is appropriate to the husband as controlling what is to be meted out to the wife.
Hindered (éyxérrec9a). So A. V. and Rev., and the best texts, and the majority of commentators. The word means, literally, 2o knock in; make an incision into; and hence, gen-
652 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. (Cu. IIL
erally, to hinder or thwart (Gal. v. 7; 1 Thess. ii. 18). Some, however, read éxxomreadat, to cut off or destroy.