720 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. L
is highly moral in tone, and imitates the Old Testament myths.
With ten thousands of his saints (év aylais pupidow). Lit., in or among holy myriads. Compare Deut. xxxiil. 2 ; Zech. xiv. 5.
Ungodly (aceBeis)—ungodly deeds (épywv acePelas, lit., works of wngodliness) which they have ungodly committsd (joéBnoav), and of all their hard speeches which ungodly (aceGets) sinners, etc. The evident play upon the word wn- godly can be rendered but clumsily into English. Rev., trans- lates, All the ungodly, of all their works of ungodliness which they have ungodly wrought, and of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. The words ungodly sinners are placed in an unusual position, at the end of the sen- tence, for emphasis; ungodliness being the key-note of the writ- er’s thought.
Hard (rév cxAnpav). Speeches issupplied. Lit., hard things. So Rev. The racking, gainsaying; the profane and vain bab- blings (2 Tim. ii. 16). Compare John vi. 60, @ hard saying, where the word means not abusive but difficult. In Jas. iii. 4, rough, used of the winds. In Acts xxvi. 14, of Saul of Tarsus ; “hard to kick against the pricks.”
16. Murmurers (yoyyvorat). Only herein New Testament. Doubtless, originally, with some adaptation of sound to sense, gongustai. It is used of the cooing of doves.
Complainers (ueurypriworpor). From péudopat, to find fault with, and potpa, a part or lot. Lit., blamers of their lot.
Great swelling words. See on 2 Pet. ii. 18. Having men’s persons in admiration (Savyafovtes tpdc-
ora). The Rev., shewing respect of persons, is neater, but the A. V. more literal: admiring the countenances. Compare Gen.
Ca. I.) THE EPISTLE OF JUDE. 721
xix. 21, Sept., “I have accepted thee:” lit., have admired thy Jace.
Because of advantage. See 2 Pet. ii. 3, 14. Beloved. Compare ver. 3. 18. Mockers. See on 2 Pet. iii. 3.
Ungodly lusts (émiIupdas tov doeBedv). Lit., lusts of ungodlinesses.
19. Separate themselves (damodvopifovres). Only here in New Testament. Zhemselves is unnecessary. Better, as Rev., make separations ; i.e., cause divisions in the church. The verb is compounded with a0, away; dud, through ; bpos, a boundary line. Of those who draw a dine through the church and set off one part from another.
Sensual (uyixol). See on Mark xii. 30. As yuyn denotes life in the distinctness of individual existence, “the centre of the personal being, the / of each individual,” so this adjective derived from it denotes what pertains to man as man, the natural personality as distinguished from the renewed man. So 1 Cor. ii. 14; xv. 44. The rendering sensual, here and Jas. iii. 15, is inferential: senswal because natural and wnrenewed. In contrast with this is
The spirit. The higher spiritual life. So the adjective mvevparixos, spiritual, is everywhere in the New Testament opposed to uyices, natural. See 1 Cor. xv. 44, 46.
22. And of some have compassion, making a difference. This follows the reading, «at ods pév édecire (édedte) Svaxpt- vopevor. The best texts, however, read dvaxptvopevovs, which would require, “On some have merey who are in doubt. So Rev. Others, again, for édecire, have mercy, read édéyxere, reprove, and render Siaxpuvopévors, who are contentious : “ Some
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