9. But. Omitted in A.V. Introducing a contrast with the double-minded.
The brother of low degree (6 ddeAdds 6 tarewwos). Lit., the brother, the lowly one. Not in the higher Christian sense of tazrewos (see on Matt. xi. 29), but, rather, poor and afflicted, as contrasted with rich.
Rejoice (xavydéc9w). Not strong enough. It is, rather, boast. So Rev., glory. Compare Rom. v. 8; Philip. ii. 3.
In that he is exalted (€v ra ter adtod). Lit., an his ex- altation. Rev., in his high estate.
10. In that he is made low (év 74 tamewace: adtod). A form of expression similar to the preceding. Lit. in his hu- miliation. Both the A. V. and Rev. preserve the kinship be- tween tazewos and tameweces, by the word low.
Flower (dv9os). Only here, ver. 11, and 1 Pet. i. 24.
11. For the sun is no sooner risen, etc. (dvérethev yap 6 #dwos). By the use of the aorist tense James graphically throws his illustration into the narrative form: ‘“ For the sun arose —and withered,” ete.
With a burning heat (76 kavioov). Rev., with the scorch- ing wind. The article denotes something familiar ; and the veference may be to the scorching east-wind (Job i. 19, Sept. ; Ezek. xvii. 10), which withers vegetation. Some of the best authorities, lowever, prefer the rendering of the A. a es
728 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cras Falleth (é&érecev). Aorist tense. Lit., fel/ off.
The grace of the fashion (edapemeva Tod mpocwtov). Lit., the beauty of its face or appearance. Evrrpéreva only here in New Testament.
Fade away (uapavIjcera). See on 1 Pet. i. 4.
Ways (copelas). Rev., goings. Only here and Luke xiii. 292, His goings to and fro in acquiring riches.
12. Is tried (Sdeyuos yevopevos). Lit., having become ap- proved. See on trial, 1 Pet. i. 7. The meaning is not, as the A. V. suggests, when his trial is finished, but when he has been approved by trial. Rev., rightly, when he hath been ap- proved.
The crown (crédavov). See on 1 Pet. v. 4.
Of life (ris Gwijs). Lit., the life: the article pointing to the well-known eternal life. The figure is not that of the athlete's crown, for an image from the Grecian games, which the Jews despised, would be foreign to James’ thought and displeasing to his readers. Rather the kingly crown, the proper word for which is SsdSnua, diadem. In Ps. xx. 3 (Sept.), crépavos is used of the royal crown. In Zech. vi. 11, 14, the reference seems to be to a priestly crown, forming part of the high- priest’s mitre.
18. Of God (amo Oeod). Lit., from God. Not by God, as the direct agent, but by agency proceeding from God. Com- pare Matt. iv. 1, where the direct agency, “dy the spirit,’ “by the devil,” is expressed by bro.
Cannot be tempted (ameipactos éott). Lit., 2s incapable of being tempted. But some of the best expositors render is unversed in evil things, as better according both with the usage of the word and with the context, since the question is not os