168 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, [Cu. XIV.
a reference to his present relation to God as determined by the fact of his reception then, which may warrant the rendering by the perfect.
4. Who art thou ? (av ris et) Thou, first in the Greek order and peculiarly emphatic. Addressing the weak brother, since judgest corresponds with judge in ver. 3.
Servant (oixérnv). Strictly, household servant. See on 1 Pet. ii. 18. He is a servant in Christ’s household. Hence not another man’s, as A. V., but the servant of another, as Rev. "Adrétpiov of another is an adjective.
He shall be holden up (craSjoera). Rev., shall be made to stand ; better, both because the rendering is more truthful, and because it corresponds with the kindred verb stand—he standeth, make him stand.
Is able (Suvarei). Stronger than dvvaras can. The sense is, ts mighty. Hence Rey., hath power.
5. Esteemeth every day alike (xpiver wacav sypépay). Alike is inserted. Lit., judgeth every day; subjects every day to moral scrutiny.
Be fully persuaded (aAnpodopeicI). Better, Rev., as- sured. See on most surely believed, Luke i. 1.
In his own mind. “ As a boat may pursue its course unin- jured either in a narrow canal or in a spacious lake ” (Bengel).
6. He that regardeth not—doth not regard it. Omit.
7. To himself. But unto Christ. See ver. 8. Hence the meaning “a Christian should live for others,” so often drawn from these words, is not the teaching of the passage.
9. Might be Lord (xupsevon). Lit., might lord it over. Justifying the term Lord applied to Christ in vv. iautst
10. Why dost thou judge (cv ti xpiveis). Thou emphatic, in contrast with the Lord. So Rev., ‘thou, why dost thou judge?” Referring to the weak brother. Compare judge as in ver. 4. The servant of another is here called brother.
Cx. XIV.) THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS. 168
Judgment-seat of Christ (rd Byuats tod Xpictov). The best texts read Ocov of God. So Rev. For judgment-seat, see on to set his foot on, Acts vii. 5.
11. As lI live,ete. From Isa. xlv.23. Hebrew: By myself I swear . . . that to me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear. Septuagint the same, except shall swear by God.
Shall confess (€foworoyycetar). Primarily, to acknowledge, confess, or profess from (é&) the heart. To make a confession to one’s honor; thence to praise. So Luke x. 21 (Rev., in margin, praise for thank) ; Rom. xv.9. Here, as Rev. in mar- gin, shall give praise. See on Matt. xi. 25.
13. Stumbling-block (apdcKxoupa). Compare ch. ix. 32, 33; xiv. 20. X«dvdarov occasion of falling is also rendered stumb- ling-block in other passages. Some regard the two as synony- mous, others as related to different results in the case of the in- jured brother. So Godet, who refers stwmbling-block to that which results in @ wound, and cause of stumbling to that which causes @ fall or sin.
14. | know—am persuaded (olféa—rrérresopar). “A rare conjunction of words, but fitted here to confirm against ignor- ance and doubt” (Bengel). For J know, see on John ii. 24. The persuasion is not the result of his own reasoning, but of his fellowship wm the Lord Jesus. So Rev., for by the Lord, etc.
Unclean (xowov). Lit., common. In the Levitical sense, as opposed to holy or pure. Compare Mark vii. 2, “ With defiled (kowais common), that is to say, with wnwashen hands.” See Acts x. 14.
15. Be grieved (Av7retrav). The close connection with destroy indicates that the meaning falls short of be destroyed, but is stronger than made to feel pain. It is a hurt to conscience, which, while not necessarily fatal, may lead to violation or hardening of conscience, and finally to fall. Compare 1 Cor. vili. 9-12.
Meat (Spaua). A general term for food.
170 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XIV.