33. Communications (oucd/as). Wrong. Lit., companion- ships. Rev., company.
Manners (797). Only here inthe New Testament. Origin- ally 730s means an accustomed seat or haunt ; thence custom, usage; plural, manners, morals, character. The passage, “ Evil company doth corrupt good manners,” is an iambic line; either the repetition of a current proverb, or a citation of the same proverb from the poet Menander. Compare Aeschylus: “ Alas for the ill-luck in mortals that brings the honest man into com- pany with those who have less regard for religion. In every
Cu XV.] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 279
matter, indeed, nothing is worse than evil-fellowship ” (ousAias) (“Seven against Thebes,” 593-595).
34. Awake (éxvjwWare). Only here in the New Testament. It means to awake from a drunken stupor. Compare Joel i. 5, Sept. The kindred verb advavnde return to soberness (A. V. and Rev., recover), occurs at 2 Tim. ii. 26.
Have not the knowledge (ayvwctav éyovow). Lit., have an ignorance. Stronger than ayvoety to be ignorant. They have and hold it. For the form of expression, see on have sor- row, John xvi. 22. The word for zgnorance is found only here and 1 Pet. ii. 15 (see note).
35. How—with what (7a@s—olw). Rev., correctly, with what manner of. There are two questions: the first as to the manner, the second as to the form in which resurrection is to take place. The answer to the first, How, etc., is, the body is raised through death (ver. 86); to the second, with what kind of a body, the answer, expanded throughout nearly the whole chapter, is, a spiretual body.
Body (cepats). Organism. The objection assumes that the risen man must exist in some kind of an organism ; and as this cannot be the fleshly body which is corrupted and dissolved, resurrection is impossible. apa body is related to cdpé flesh, as general to special; o@pa denoting the material organism, not apart from any matter, but apart from any definite matter ; and odp€ the definite earthly, animal organism. See on Rom. vi. 6. The question is not, what will be the substance of the risen body, but what will be its organization (Wendt) ?
36. Thou sowest (cv ozretpevs). Thowis emphatic. Every time thow sowest, thou sowest something which is quickened only through dying. Paul is not partial to metaphors from nature, and his references of this character are mostly to nature in connection with human labor. Dean Howson says: “ We find more of this kind of illustration in the one short epistle of St. James than in all the writings of St. Paul” (“ Metaphors of St. Paul.” Compare Farrar’s “ Paul,” i. 20, 21).
280 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XV.
Die. Become corrupted. Applied to the seed in order to keep up the analogy with the body.
37. Not that body that shall be. Or, more literally, that shall come to pass. Meeting the objector’s assumption that either the raised body must be the same body, or that there could be no resurrection. Paul says: “What you sow is one body, and a different body arises;” yet the identity is pre- served. Dissolution is not loss of identity. The full heads of wheat are different from the wheat-grain, yet both are wheat. Clement of Rome, in his first Epistle to the Corinthians, argu- ing for the resurrection of the body, cites in illustration the fable of the phoenix, the Arabian bird, the only one of its kind, and which lives for a hundred years. When the time of its death draws near it builds itself a nest of frankincense, myrrh, and other spices, and entering it, dies. In the decay of its flesh a worm is produced, which, being nourished by the juices of the dead bird, brings forth feathers. Then, when it has ac- quired strength, it takes up the nest with the bones of its pa- rent and bears them to Heliopolis in Egypt.