19. Teach (xatnyjow). Orally. See on Luke i. 4.
20. Understanding (¢peciv). Only here in the New Testa- ment. Originally, in a physical.sense, the diaphragm. Denot- ing the reasoning power on the reflective side, and perhaps in- tentionally used instead of vods (ver. 15), which emphasizes the distinction from ecstasy.
Chiidren—be ye children (vasdla—vnmiatere). The A. V. misses the distinction between children and babes, the stronger term for being unversed in malice. In understanding they are to be above mere children. In malice they are to be very babes. See on child, ch. xiii. 11.
Malice (xax/a). See on Jas. i. 21. Men (rédevor). Lit., perfect. See on ch. ii. 6.
21. It is written, etc. From Isa. xxviii. 11, 12. The quo- tation does not correspond exactly either to the Hebrew or to the Septuagint. Heb., with stammerings of lip. Sept., By reason of contemptuous words of lips. Paul omits the Heb.: This is the rest, give ye rest to the weary, and this is the repose. Sept.: This is the rest to him who is hungry, and thas is the ruin. The point of the quotation is that speech in strange tongues was a chastisement for the unbelief of God’s ancient people, by which they were made to hear His voice “speaking in the harsh commands of the foreign invader.” So in the Corinthian Church, the intelligible revelation of God has not been properly received.
24. Convinced (édéyyeras). Of his sins. See on tell him his fault, Matt. xviii. 15; conwinced, Jas. ii. 9; reproved, John iii. 20. Rev., reproved : convicted in margin.
Judged (dvaxpivera). Examined and judged. The word implies inquiry rather than sentence. Each inspired speaker, in his heart-searching utterances, shall start questions which
272 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XIV.
shall reveal the hearer to himself. See on discerned, ch. ii. 14. On the compounds of x«piva, see on ch. xi. 29, 31, 32.
27. By two, etc. That is, to the number of two or three at each meeting.*
By course (ava pépos). Rev., correctly, in turn. Edwards’ explanation, antiphonally, is quite beside the mark.
29. Judge. See on ch. xi. 29. Referring to the gift of the discernment of spirits. See on ch. xii. 10.
30. That sitteth. Rev., sitting by. The speaker standing.
32. The spirits. The movements and manifestations of the divine Spirit in the human spirit, as in ch. xii. 10.
Are subject. “People speak as if the divine authority of the prophetic word were somehow dependent on, or confirmed by, the fact that the prophets enjoyed visions. . . . Inthe New Testament Paul lays down the principle that, in true prophecy, self-consciousness, and self-command are never lost. ‘The spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets’” (W. Robertson Smith, “The Prophets of Israel”).
33. Confusion (dxatactacias). See on commotions, Luke xxi. 9; and wnruly, Jas. iii. 8. Compare 2 Cor. vi. 5.
As in all the churches of the saints. Many connect these words with let the women, ete. The old arrangement is retained by Rev. and by Westcott and Hort, though the latter regard the words and the spirits—of peace as parenthetical. I see no good reason for departing from the old arrangement.t
38. Let him be ignorant (ayvoeirw). Let him remain ig- norant. The text is doubtful. Some read dyvoetras he is not known ; 1.e., he is one whom God knows not.
* Edwards, very strangely, explains ‘‘two or three at a time.” As Godet pertinently says: ‘‘ Certainly Paul would never have approved of the simul- taneous utterance of several discourses, the one hindering the effect of the other.”
+ There is force in Edwards’ remark that in the new arrangement it is dif. ficult to account for the implied permission to women in ch. xi. 5.
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