Come to the knowledge of the truth (es ér/joow arnGeias édOciv). The phrase only here and 2 Tim. iii. T. ’"Exr(yveors is a favorite Pauline word. See on Rom. iii. 20; Col. i. 9; 1 Tim. ii. 4; iv. 3. It signifies advanced or full knowledge. The difference between the simple yv@ous and the compound word is illustrated in Rom. i. 21, 28, and 1 Cor. xiii. 12. In N. T. always of the knowledge of things ethical or divine, and never ascribed to God. For dA7@ea truth, see on sound doctrine, ch.i.10. It appears 14 times in the Pastorals, and always without a defining genitive. So, often in Paul, but several times with a defining genitive, as truth of God, of Christ, of the gospel. The logical relation in the writer’s mind between salvation and the knowledge of the truth is not quite clear. Knowledge of the truth may be regarded as the means of salvation, or it may be the ideal goal of the whole saving work. See 1 Cor. xiii. 12; Philip. iii. 8; J. xvii. 3. The latter is more in accord with the general drift of teaching in these Epistles.
5. For (yap). The universality of the grace is grounded in the unity of God. Comp. Rom. iii. 80. One divine pur- pose for all implies one God who purposes.
One God. ‘These Epistles deal much with the divine at- tributes. See 1 Tim.i. 17; vi. 18, 15, 16; ii. 15; ay. 10; 2. Vim ise Sa Tite ae.
Mediator (uecitns). See on Gal. iii. 19. The word twice in Paul, Gal. iii. 19, 20, once of Moses and once generally. In Hebrews always of Christ; viii. 6; ix. 15; xii. 24. This is the only instance in the Pastorals. As the one God, so
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the one mediator implies the extension of the saving pur. pose to all.
The man Christ Jesus. The phrase only here.
6. Who gave himself (0 dovs éavrdv). The phrase with the simple verb only here, Gal. i. 4, and Tit. ii. 14. Paul uses the compound verb rapad:ddvat, Gal. ii. 20; Eph. v. 2, 25. Comp. Rom. viii. 32.
Ransom (avtidutpov). N. T.°. CLXX. Class. Adrpov ransom, Matt. xx. 28; Mk. x. 45, applied to Christ’s life given for many. But neither this nor any of its kindred words is used by Paul. He uses aoAvtpwors, but that means the act not the means of redemption.
For all (7ép). “Trép does not mean instead of (avtt). See on Rom. v. 6. Any idea of exchange or substitution which may be implied, resides in avt/Avtpov; but it is press- ing that unique word too far to find in it the announcement of a substitutional atonement.*
To be testified in due time (76 waptipsov Karpois (dios). Lit. (gave himself a ransom) the testimony in its own times. That is, the gift of Christ as a ransom was to be the sub- stance or import of the testimony which was to be set forth in its proper seasons. Thus paptuprov testimony is in appos- ition with the whole preceding sentence, and not with ran- som only. Maprvpiov is used sometimes simply as witness or testimony (Matt. viii. 4; Mk. vi. 11): sometimes specially of the proclamation of the gospel, as Matt. xxiv. 14; Acts iv. 883; 1 Th. i. 10. The apostles are said paptupety to bear witness, as eye or ear witnesses of the sayings, deeds, and sufferings of Jesus (1 Cor. xv.15). In 1 Cor. i. 6, papripsoy Tod Xpiorod is practically = the gospel. In 2 Th. i. 10, 70 paptuplov nuav ep’ twas our testimony among you is our public attestation of the truth of the gospel. The idea of witness
* See Ellicott.
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