Hath created (éxticev). A common Pauline word. Only here in the Pastorals.
To be received (eis peradnuyuv). Lit. for participation. N. T.°. °LXX. It occurs in Plato and Aristotle.
Of them which believe and know the truth (rots muo- Tos Kal éreyvoxdat THY adyGeav). The dative depends on created for participation, and should be rendered “for them which believe,” etc., marking those for whom the food was
246 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cz. IV.
created. The A. V. misses this by the rendering to be received of (by). Teerois and éreyxvexdar do not denote two classes, but one. Those who believe are described as those who have full knowledge of the truth.
4, Creature (xricua). Not in Paul. See Jas. i. 18; Apoe. v. 18; vill. 9. A created thing. For «riots creation or creature, frequent in Paul, see on Rom. viii. 19; 2 Cor. v.17; Col. i. 15. Kriéopa in LXX, Wisd. ix. 2; xiii. 5; xiv. 11; Sir. xxxviill. 84; 3 Mace. v. 11.
Refused (ameBdnrtov). Lit. thrown away. N.T.°. In ecclesiastical writings, excommunicated. On the whole verse, comp. Acts x. 15; Rom. xi. 15; 1 Cor. x. 26, 26, 30, 31.
5. It is sanctified (dyiaferac). Not declared holy, but made holy. The declaration confirms the last clause of ver. 4. Thanksgiving to God has a sanctifying effect. The food in itself has no moral quality (Rom. xiv. 14), but acquires a holy quality by its consecration to God; by being acknowl- edged as God’s gift, and partaken of as nourishing the life for God’s service. Comp. Paul’s treatment of the unbeliev- ing husband and the believing wife, 1 Cor. vii. 14.
By the word of God (8a Aoyod Oeod). That is, by the word of God as used in the prayer. Scripture is not called “the Word of God.” The Word of God includes much more than Scripture: but Scripture contains the Word of God, and the thanksgiving at table was in the words of Scripture. See Ps. exly. 15,16. The custom of grace at meat appears 1 Sam. ix. 13. Christ blessed the loaves and fishes (Matt. xiv. 19; xv. 86): Paul on the ship gave thanks for the meal which the seamen ate (Acts xxvii. 35). “EvrevEews prayer, see on eh. ii. 1,
6. If thou put the brethren in remembrance of these things (ratra tbrroriOéuevos trois adedpois). The verb only here and Rom. xvi. 4. Lit. to put under; so almost without
Cu. IV.] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO TIMOTHY. 247
exception in LXX. See, for instance, Gen. xxviii. 18; xlvii. 29; Ex. xvii. 12. So Rom. xvi. 4. Hence, metaphorically, to suggest, which is, literally, to carry or lay under. Tadra these things are those mentioned vv. 4,5. In the Pastorals it is only here that ader gol brethren means the members of the church to whose superintendent the letter is addressed. In 2 Tim. iv. 21, they are the Christians of the church from which the letter comes; in 1 Tim. vi. 2, Christians in gen- eral; and in 1 Tim. v. 1, without any ecclesiastical sense.
Minister of Jesus Christ (dsdxovos Xpictod Incod). Rend- ering Christ himself a service by setting himself against ascetic errors. For S:dxovos minister see on ch. iii. 8. Here in the general sense of servant, without any official meaning. Paul’s more usual phrase is servant of God: servant (dvaKovos) of Christ twice, and dvaxovos *Inood Xpiorod not at all. Paul uses dodX0s bond-servant with Jesus Christ. See 2 Cor. xi. 23; Col. 1.7; and comp. Romi ls’ Gal. i, 10; Philips isl.
Nourished up (évrpedouevos). Better, nourishing thyself. N. T.°. °CLXX. The participle indicates the means by which Timothy may become a good minister. Comp. Heb. vy. 12-14.
In the words of faith. The words in which the faith — the contents of belief —finds expression. Comp. ch. vi. 3; 2 Tim. i. 18. The phrase only here. Paul has 76 pha tis mictews the word of the faith, Rom. x. 8.