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14. That the younger women marry (vewrépas yapeiv). Better, the younger widows. This seems to be required by ovv therefore, connecting the subject of the verb with the class just described. They are enjoined to marry, rather than to assume a position in the church which they might disgrace by the conduct described in vy. 11-18. Comp. 1 Cor. vii. 8, 9.
Bear children (rexvoyoveiv). N. T.°. SLXX, °Class. Comp. texvoyovia childbearing, 1 Tim. ii. 15.
Guide the house (oixodecroretv). Better, rule the house. N.T.°. °LXX, Class. "Orxodeorerns master of the house is quite common in the Synoptic Gospels.
Occasion (adopuyv). See on Rom. vii. 8.
To the adversary (1@ avtixeyuévm). The one who is set over against. Not Satan, but the human enemy of Christianity. Comp. Philip. i. 28, and o é& évavtias he that ts of the contrary part, Tit. ii. 8.
To speak reproachfully (Aoidopias yap). Lit. in the interest of reviling. Const. with give no occasion. Aovdopia reviling only here and 1 Pet. iii. 9. For the verb Aovdopety to revile see J. ix. 28; Acts xxiii. 4; 1 Cor. iv. 12; and note on J. ix. 28.
16. Man or woman that believeth (micros 4 rior). Lit. believing man or woman. But micros # should be omitted. Read, if any woman that believeth.
Have widows (éyet yypas). If any Christian woman have relatives or persons attached to her household who are widows,
The church be charged. Holtzmann quotes an inscription in the chapel of the Villa Albani at Rome: “To the good Regina her daughter has erected this memorial: to the good Regina her widowed mother, who was a widow for sixty years
266 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. ([Cu.V
and never burdened the church after she was the wife of one husband. She lived 80 years, 5 months, and 26 days.”
17. The elders that rule well (oi cad@s mpoectares mpeo- Bbrepov). For that rule well, see on Karas rpoicrdpevoy ruling well, 1 Tim. iii. 4. The phrase is peculiar to the Pastorals. See on ver. 1.
Double honour (du7Afs tyuns). This at least includes pe- cuniary remuneration for services, if it is not limited to that. The use of tun as pay or price appears Matt. xxvii. 6, 9; Acts iv. 84; vii. 16; 1 Cor. vi. 20. Double, not in a strictly literal sense, but as mAelova tipiv more honour, Heb. iii. 3. The comparison is with those Elders whe do not exhibit equal capacity or efficiency in ruling. The passage lends no support to the Reformed theory of two classes of Elders — ruling and teaching. The special honour or emolument is assigned to those who combine qualifications for both.
Those who labour (0% xomi@ytes). See on ch. iv. 10. No special emphasis attaches to the word — hard toiling in com. parison with those who do not toil. The meaning is, those who faithfully discharge the arduous duty of teaching. Comp. Heb. xiii. 7.
In word and doctrine (év A\éeyw Kal didacKkaria). Better, word and teaching. Word is general, teaching special. In word signifies, in that class of functions where speech is con- cerned. The special emphasis (uddota especially) shows the importance which was attached to teaching as an antidote of heresy.
18. The Scripture (4) ypady). Comp. 2 Tim. iii. 16. To the Jews 7» ypady signified the O. T. canon of Scripture ; but in most cases » ypady is used of a particular passage of Scrip- ture which is indicated in the context. See J. vii. 38, 42; Acts i. 16; viii. 82, 35; Rom. iv. 83 ix: 17; x. 11;. Gal. ili, 8. Where the reference is to the sacred writings as a
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whole, the plural ypadal or ai ypadat is used, as Matt. xxi. 42; L. xxiv. 32; J.v. 39; Rom. xv. 4. Once ypadat dyar holy Scriptures, Rom. i. 2. “Erépa ypady another or a different Scripture, J. xix. 387; 4 ypady airn this Scripture, L. iv. 21; Taca ypady every Scripture, 2 Tim. iii. 16. See on writings, J. ii. 22. The passage cited here is Deut. xxv. 4, also by Paul, 1 Cor. ix. 9.