Ordain elders (xatactyons mpecButépovs). Kabiordvar appoint or constitute. In Paul only Rom. v.19. For the sense here comp. Matt. xxiv. 45,47; L. xii. 14; Acts vi. 3. The meaning of the injunction is, that Titus should appoint, out of the number of elderly men of approved Christian reputation, certain ones to be overseers (émrécxomrot) of the churches in the several cities. The eldership was not a dis- tinct church office. See on 1 Tim. v. 1.
| had appointed (dveraEdunv). Better, I gave thee charge. Mostly in Luke and Acts.
6. Faithful children (rékva mictd). Better, believing chil- dren; or, as Rev., children that believe. Comp. 1 Tim. iii. 4.
Not accused of riot (1 év catnyopia acwrias). Lit. not in accusation of profligacy. For carnyopia see on 1 Tim. v. 19. *Acowrtia, lit. unsavingness; hence, dissoluteness, profligacy. Comp. L. xy. 18, of the prodigal son, who lived wnsavingly (acerws). Only here, Eph. v. 18, and 1 Pet. iv. 4 (note).
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7. A bishop (rov éricxorov). See on 1 Tim. iii. 1; v. 1. Rend. the bishop. It will be observed that the qualifications of the elders are fixed by those of the bishop. Appoint elders who shall be unaccused, etc., for the bishop must be unaccused, etc. The overseers must have the qualifications of approved presbyters.
Steward of God (eod ofxovduov). Comp. 1 Cor. iv. 1,2; 1 Pet. iv. 10; and see on Rom. xvi. 23; L. xvi.1. The phrase N. T.°.
Selfwilled (av@aén). Only here and 2 Pet. ii. 10 (note).
Soon angry (dpy/Aov). N. T.°. Rarely in LXX and Class. Jrascvble.
8. A lover of hospitality (¢cAcEevov). Better, hospitable. See on 1 Tim. iii. 2.
A lover of good men (qgiAdyafov). N.T.°. Better, lover of good.
Temperate (éyxparn). N.T.°. Originally, having power over; possessed of; hence, controlling, keeping in hand. ’Eyxpareva temperance, Acts xxiv. 25;.Gal. v. 23; 2 Pet. i. 6. ’Eryxpateveo Oar to contain one’s self, 1 Cor. vii. 9; ix. 25.
9. Holding fast (avreyduevov). Only here in Pastorals. In Paul, 1 Th. v. 14 (note).
The faithful word (rot wictot Xdyou). The trustworthy, reliable word. Comp. 1 Tim. i. 15 (note),
As he hath been taught (cata tiv didayyv). Lit. accord- ing to the teaching. Const. with word. Agreeing with the apostolic teaching. For dday7 teaching see on 2 Tim. iv. 2.
May be able by sound doctrine both to exhort (dvvaris 9 kal twapaxarel év tH Sidackarla TH vyawovon). Rend.
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“may be able both to exhort in the sound teaching.” For duvatos able or powerful, see on 2 Tim. i. 12. Used by Paul in the phrase e duvardv if it be possible, Rom. xii. 18; Gal. iv. 15: 76 dvvardv that which is possible, Rom. ix. 22: of God, Rom. iv. 21; xi. 23: of men, in the ethical sense, Rom. xy. 1; 2 Cor. xii. 10; xiii. 9.
Convince (édéyyev). Better, convict. See on J. iii. 20, and éAeypuov, 2 Tim. iii. 16.
The gainsayers (rods avridéyovtas). In Pastorals only here and ch. ii. 9. Once in Paul, Rom. x. 21, cit. Mostly in Luke and Acts. Gainsay, Angl. Sax. gegn(Germ. gegen) “against,” and “say.” Wiclif, L. xxi. 15: “For I schal gyue to you mouth and wysdom, to whiche alle youre aduer- saries schulen not mowe agenstonde, and agenseye.”
10. Vain talkers (uataordyor). N. T.°. °LXX, Class. See on vain jangling, 1 Tim. i. 6.
Deceivers (¢pevardra). N.T.°. °LXX, Class. See on dpevarratay to deceive, Gal. vi. 3.
They of the circumcision (oi é« ris mepitouys). The phrase only here in Pastorals. ‘Ox é« trepitoujs, Acts x. 45 ; xi.2; Rom. iv. 12; Gal. ii. 12; Col. iv.11. There can be no doubt of the presence of Jews in Crete. Tacitus (Hist. v. 2) even makes the absurd statement that the Jews were Cretan exiles; and that from their residence in the vicinity of the Cretan Mount Ida they were called Jdaei, whence Judaet. There appears to have been some confusion between the Pal- estinians and the Philistines—the Cherethim or Cherethites, who, in Ezek. xxv. 16; Zeph. ii. 5 are called in LXX Kpfres. Jews were in the island in considerable numbers between the death of Alexander and the final destruction of Jerusalem. In 1 Mace. xv. 23 the Cretan city of Gortyna is mentioned among the places to which letters were written by Lucius, the Roman consul, on behalf of the Jews, when Simon Maccabaeus