13. Sharply (avorcuws). Only here and 2 Cor. xiii. 10 (mote). Paul has azroropuia severity, Rom. xi. 22 (note). LXX, dzrordépwws severely, only Wisd. v. 22; arrordpmos severe (mot in N. T.), Wisd. v. 20; xi. 10; xii. 9. From dzo- Téuvew to cut off. It signifies abrupt, harsh, summary dealing.
14. Not giving heed (yx mpocéyortes). Reprove sharply, that they may be sound in the faith, and may show their soundness by not giving heed, etc. See on 1 Tim. i. 4.
To Jewish fables (lovdaixois wtPos). See on 1 Tim. i. 4. Note Jewish. The nature of these we do not know.
Commandments of men (évtoAais avOporev). See on 1 Tim. vi. 14. Comp. Col. ii. 22. Prescriptions concerning abstinence from meats, marriage, etc. The men are probably those of the circumcision, ver. 10. What they teach theoretic- ally, by means of the myths, they bring to bear practically, by means of their precepts.
Cx. 1] THE EPISTLE TO TITUS. 339
That turn from the truth (azroctpehowevov tiv arjnOeav). Comp. 2 Tim. iv. 4, where. the truth and fables appear in contrast.
15. Unto the pure (rots xa@apois). The pure in heart and conscience. See 2 Tim. i. 8.
All things are pure. Comp.1 Tim. iv. 4,5; Acts x. 15; ME, vii. 15,18, 19; 1 Cor. x. 26, 30; Rom. xiv. 20. The aphorism is suggested by the commandments of men, ver. 14.
Unto them that are defiled (roils pewiaupévos). Only here in Pastorals. See also J. xviii. 28 (note); Heb. xii. 15; . Jude 8. Only in J. xviii. 28 in a ceremonial sense. Else- where of moral pollution.
Nothing is pure. Their moral pollution taints everything with its own quality. The purest things become suggestors and ministers of impurity.
Mind and conscience (6 vois cal 4 acuveidnots). For vots see on Rom. vii. 23: for cuveiSnows, on 1 Pet. iii. 16.
16. They profess (ouoroyotcwv). Better, confess. See on 2 Cor. ix. 18, and comp. 1 Tim. vi. 12. Not loudly and pub- licly profess (as Huther), but confess as opposed to deny (J. i. 20); comp. Heb. xi. 138; Rom. x. 9, 10.
Abominable (8éeAverol). N.T.°. Class. LXX, Prov. xvii. 15; Sir. xli.5; 2 Macc.i. 27. See on BdérAuypa abomin- ation, Matt. xxiv. 15, and comp. Apoc. xvii. 4,5; xxi. 27. The kindred verb BéeAvccecOar abhor, Rom. ii. 22; Apoc. XIE S:
Reprobate (dédcxiuor). See on Rom. i. 28; 1 Cor. ix. 27, and comp. 2 Tim. iii. 8. The phrase reprobate unto every good work, N. T.°.
340 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cz. IL.
CHAPTER I. 1. Speak thou (Adve). See on Matt. xxviii. 18; J. viii. 26.
Become (mpére). Originally, to stand out; be conspicuous. Thus Homer, Od. viii. 172: pera dé mpéret aypopevorow he rs conspicuous among those who are assembled. Eurip. Hel. 215; Zevs mpérev Ov aidépos Zeus shining clearly through the aether. Hence, to become conspicuously fit; to become; beseem. In N. T. in the impersonal forms mpérov éotiv it is becoming (Matt. iii. 15); mpéree tt becometh (Eph. v. 8); épemev it _ became (Heb. ii. 10). With a subject nominative, 1 Tim. ii. 10; Heb. vii. 26.
2. Aged men (mpecBuras). Only here, L.i.18; Philem. 9. To be understood of natural age, not of ecclesiastical position. Note that 1 Tim. iii, in treating of church officers, deals only with Bishops and Deacons. Nothing is said of Presbyters until ch. v, where Timothy’s relations to individual members of the church are prescribed. These church members are classi- fied in this and the following verses as old men, old women, younger men, servants. In LXX mpeoBuvrns is occasionally interchanged with mpeoBevrjs ambassador. See 2 Chron. xxxii. 31; 1 Mace. xiii, 21; xiv. 21, 22; 2 Mace. xi. 34.
3. Aged women (mpecBiridas). N. T.°. See on mpec- Bbrepat, 1 Tim. v. 2.