x Matt. xx. 15, Rom. ν. 7, 1 Pet. ii. 18.
5. ἔξ σώφρονας,
ἁγνάς, "' οἰκουργούς,2 " ἀγαθάς, " ὑποτασσομένας ᾿ τοῖς "ἰδίοις 7 ἀν-
6. τοὺς νεω-
b ~ τέρους "ὡσαύτως παρακάλει ᾿ σωφρονεῖν - 7. περὶ πάντα σεαυτὸν
“ παρεχόμενος “ τύπον " καλῶν “ ἔργων, ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ ; ἀφθορίαν,5
y Eph. ν. 22, Col. iii. a See x Tim. ii. 9.
c See 1 Tim. f Haggai
z See 1 Tim. vi. 1.
e See 1 Tim. iii. 1,
1So \*AFGHP, two cursives; σωφρονίζωσι SecCDKL. 2So N*ACD*FG; οἰκουρούς ΝΕΡΕΗΚΙ,Ρ, syrhcl-mg-gr, 3 ἀδιαφθορίαν SycDcL, syrhcl-mg-gr ; ἀφθονίαν FG.
in Paul are 1 Cor. iv. 6 (φυσιοῦσθε) and Gal. iv. 17 (ζηλοῦτε). These may be cases of an unusual formation of the subj., both being verbs in -όω. γινώσ- κοµεν, I John ν. 20, is another instance. Train is the excellent rendering of tie RAV. Lhe ΑΝ. teach’. « 15 δὲ sober, although an adequate rendering elsewhere, leaves φιλάνδρους εἶναι dis- connected. Timothy is bidden (1 Tim. ν. 2) παρακαλεῖν . . . νεωτέρας himself; but this refers to pastoral public moni-
tions, not to private training in domestic —
virtues and duties, as here.
τὰς νέας: There is no other instance in the Greek Bible of véos, in the posi- tive, being applied to a young person; though it is common in secular litera- ture. There is possibly a certain fit- ness in the word as applied here to recently married women, whom the apostle has perhaps exclusively in view.
φιλάνδρους : “ This is the chief point of all that is good in a household”’ (Chrys.). One of the three things in which Wisdom “ was beautified”’ is “ἃ woman and her husband that walk to- gether in agreement”’ (Ecclus. xxv. 1).
φιλοτέκνους : “She who loves the root will much more love the fruit” (Chrys.). φιλάνδρῳ καὶ φιλοτέκνῳ is cited from an “epitaph from Pergamum about the time of Hadrian’’ by Deiss- mann, who gives other references to secular literature. (Bible Studies, trans. Ρ. 255 Sq.)-
Ver. 5. οἰκουργούς : workers at home. Field says that ‘‘the only authority for this word is Soranus of Ephesus, a medical writer, not earlier than the second century,” οἰκουργὸν καὶ καθέδριον διάγειν βίον; but the verb is found in Clem. Rom., ad Cor.i. 1, γυναιξίν. .. τὰ κατὰ τὸν οἶκον σεμνῶς οἰκουργεῖν
ἐδιδάσκετε. οἰκουρούς, keepers at home, domum custodientes (ἃ m®!) domus cuvam habentes (Vulg.), though constantly found in descriptions of virtuous women, is a less obviously stimulating epithet. Mothers who work at home usually find it a more absorbing pleasure than ‘‘ going about from house to house”? (τ Tim. v. 13). But the ‘worker at home” is under a temptation to be as unsparing of her household as of herself; and so St. Paul adds ἀγαθάς, benignas, kind (R.V.), rather than good (A.V.). For this force of ἀγαθός, see reff.
ἰδίοις : ἴδιος (ses on 1 Tim. iii. 4) is not emphatic: it is simply, theiy hus- bands. The ἴδιος merely differentiates husband from man.
ἵνα μὴ ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημῆ- ται: For λόγος, as used here, the more usual word is ὄνομα (from Isa. [1]. 5). See reff. on 1 Tim. vi. 1; and also Jas. ii. 7, Rev. xiii. 6, xvi. 9. ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀλη- θείας, in 2 Peter ii. 2, is equivalent to ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ here. The practical worth of a rcligion is not unfairly estimated by its effects on the lives of those who pro- fess it. If the observed effect of the Gospel were to make women worse wives, it would not commend it to the heathen; “for the Greeks judge not of doctrines by the doctrine itself, but they make the life and conduct the test of the doctrines ”’ (Chrys.). See note oni Tim. v. 14.
Ver. 6. ὡσαύτως: see on I Tim. ii. 9.
Ver. 7. περὶ πάντα is joined with the preceding words by Jerome and Lucifer (ut pudict [sobrit] sint tn omnibus), fol- lowed by Tischendorf and von Soden. For this use of περί, see on r Tim. i. το. St. Paul’s usual phrase is ἐν παντί (fifteen times in all; ten times in 2 Cor.; not in Pastorals), or ἐν πᾶσιν (ten times, five of which are in the Pastorals: 1 Tim. in.