p ae οὕπω 3 ἔλαβον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐξουσίαν ὡς °Bacthets µίαν ὥραν λαμβάνουσι Burton, oe τοῦ θηρίου. 13. 5 οὗτοι µίαν γνώµην ἔχουσι, καὶ τὴν δύναμιν
ο Like καὶ ἐξουσίαν αὐτῶν τῷ θηρίω διδόασιν. ailies, 14. P οὗτοι μετὰ τοῦ ἀρνίου πολεμήσουσι, ett καὶ τὸ ἀρνίον νικήσει αὐτούς,
p Cf on xiv. ὅτι 4 Κύριος κυρίων ἐστὶ καὶ βασιλεὺς βασιλέω----
4 See habe καὶ οἱ peT αὐτοῦ ' κλητοὶ καὶ * ἐκλεκτοὶ καὶ πιστοί.᾽' να, 15. καὶ λέγει por, “Td "ὕδατα ἃ cides, οὗ ἡ πόρνη Κκάθηται, Ὃ 3, λαοὶ καὶ ὄχλοι εἰσὶν καὶ ἔθνη καὶ γλῶσσαι. 16. καὶ τὰ δέκα ae κέρατα ἃ εἶδες καὶ τὸ θηρίον οὗτοι µισήσουσι τὴν πόρνην, καὶ να ἠρημωμένην ποιήσουσιν αὐτὴν καὶ ‘yupyyy, καὶ τὰς "σάρκας επι α.4) αὐτῆς " φάγονται, καὶ αὐτὴν " κατακαύσουσιν ἐν πυρί. 17. 6 γὰρ
rC/-2 Pet. Beds ἔδωκεν cis τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν ποιῆσαι τὴν Ὑνώμην αὐτοῦ,
tcf Beek. καὶ *Toujoor play γνώμην, καὶ δοῦναι τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτῶν τῷ ay 37-39,
u Plur. = fleshy parts of body, 2 Kings ix. 36, etc.
(Hellenistic fut. of ἐσθίω) cf. Win. § 13, 6 x Cf. Cic. pro Milone, 33.
in round numbers, who occupied a royal position in the estimation of the East (so, e.g., Eichhorn, de Wette, Bleek, Bousset, Scott, J. Weiss, Baljon, Well- hausen), or (« chefs d’armée,”” Havet) the governors of the (ten senatorial) pro- vinces, holding office for (µίαν ὥραν) one year (so Ewald, Hilg., Hausrath, Momm- sen, B. Weiss, Hirscht, Briggs, Selwyn, B. W. Henderson [‘‘the number may be derived from Daniel. In any case it is a round number, and the seer did not go round counting the number of the Roman provinces ᾿Ί), unless it is to be left as a vague description of the allies (Weizs., Holtzm., Swete). Philo (de leg. ad Caium xxxiv.) notes the facilities pos- sessed by proconsuls for starting revolu- tions, especially if they commanded powerful armies such as those stationed on the Euphrates to protect Syria.
Ver. 14. An abrupt and proleptic allu- sion to xix. 11-21; the Christian messiah is the true King of kings (a side reference to the well-known Parthian title). This is the first time that John brings the Lamb on the scene of earthly action. He now appears at the side, or rather at the head, of his followers in the final crisis, not in a struggle preceding the sack of Rome. He and Satan (as represented by the empire) are the real protagonists. Note the share assigned to the faithful in this victory (after ii. 26, 27). The war fought on their behalf by the Lamb is their fight also (cf. on xix. 14); i
v xix, 18, Ps. xxvii. 3, Mic. iii. 2f.; on form w Xviii. 8, 18, Lev. xxi. 9, Nah. iii. 15
success rests on the divine election and their corresponding loyalty (cf. xii. 11, xiii. 8; a Zoroastrian parallel in Yasht xili. 48 ; the favourite description of the saints in Enoch as ‘‘chosen [and] right εοις ”; and Passio Perpetuae, xxi., “‘o fortissimi martyres! ο were uocati et electi in gloriam Domini nostri Jesu Christi”). The redeeming power of Christ, together with the adoration which he alone can rightfully claim, make his cause more than equal to the empires of the world (cf. the thought of Isa. liii. 12).
Ver. 15. The woman impiously rivals God (κύριος ἐπὶ ὑδάτων πολλῶν, Ps. xxix. 3, cf. το).--ὄχλοι is substituted for the more common Φυλαί, perhaps with an allusion (after Ezek. xvi. 15, 25, 31) to Rome’s imperial rapacity.
Ver. 16. Rome perishes at the hands of Nero and his ruthless allies—a belief loudly echoed in the Talmud. In Sib. Or. iv. 145, 350 f. the East then and thus regains the treasures of which the Oriental provinces had been despoiled.— γυμνήν ... πυρί, the doom of a Semitic harlot (Ezek. xxiii. 45 f., xxviii. 17, 18). But no details of the disaster are given.