The Pulpit Commentary — 1 Timothy — Section 108

(hr7r1to>..0"6.,rr,; comp. l Pet. ii. 21). The for ~n.ckri~, A. V. AI ■o aeema unneoea■ar,-, idea ie eomewhat similar to the.t or "press- e.s withal . seems to mpresent 11.µ.a 1e11I. ing on t.oward the goal," in Phil. iii. 14 ~earn to be l~e (&.p')'a,I µ.av8dvovuw). Thia (8E'8 also ver. 12, where 6,d,,c., is rendere,I in 1s e. oonetruollon which has no similar A.V., "I follow itrter "). Good work. Here passage in Greek to support it except one lp-yq, .¼:ya8q,, RB in Acts ix. 36; Rom. ii. 7, very doubtful one in Plato, • E~1lbudemue' 10; xiii. 3; 2 Cnr. ix. 8; Eph. ii. 10; itnd (vol. iv. p. 10~, Bekker's edit.). But the frequently in the put.oral Epistles ( eh. ii. other ooustruct1on1 proposed, viz. to oon- 10). strue µav66.vovu,, "they are inquisitive or Ver. I 1.- Younqer for the younger, A. V. ; curious," ns Grotius and substanti11.lly Ben~ ,oo,ud for begttn i;, ioaz, A.V.; desire to for gel; or to take ..-,p«px&µ.,va, e.rtcr µ.av8d11ovu,, ,nill, A. V. Refuse. N ot.e the wisdom of "they learn to go about" (Vulgate De Paul, who will not he.,•e the young widows Wette, etc.), cannot be justifi,,d by exe.~ples admitted into t-be roll of Church widows, either, as µa.v8,i,.,., has alwe.ys either an lest, arter the first grier for the loss or their e.ocusative case or an infinitive mood after it, husbands has subsided, they should chitnge unless it is u.sed in quite e. different sense, as their minds, e.nd wish to retnrn to the world in the pe.smge from Herod., iii. 1, quoted by and its pleasures, and so incm the guilt of Alford: t>.,a{:J,/3>..-,,µ.,vos •.• ou µavBdv,u, "You drawing back their hands from the plough. are slandered without being awe.re of it." Would that the Church had always imitated In this difficulty it is best to te.ke the sense lhis wisdom and this considerittion for the given in the A.V. and the B.V., following young, whether young priests or young Chrysostom, etc., and of modems Winer monb and nuns I Waxed wanton age.inst Ellicott, Alford, etc., which the general roi,; (1e=currp'1v•&a..,u,). Tl,is word only occurs e.nd balance of the sentence favours. Going here, bnt the simple u-rp'ljv,&.c., is found in about ( .-.p.. px&µ.,va,); comp. Acts xxix. 13 Rev. xviii. 7, 9, e.nd is nsed by the r. reek poets where there is the same idea of reproach~ of the new comedy in the sense of -rpv<;,av, to the term. It is used in e. good sense in be luxurions (Schleusner, •Lex.'). Trench Heb. xi. 37. Tattlers ( .;,11.6apa,) ; only here (' Synonyms of New TestRment '), comparing in the New Testament, and once only in the this word with -rpvf/>av and u1raT<1>..av, ascribes LXX. ( 4 Mace. v.10), but common in classical to it the sense of "petulance" from fulness, Greek. It means "a triHing silly talker." like ihe stllte of Jeshurnn, who waxed fat The verb <f,Avapiw ocoms in 3 John 10. Busy- and 1.-icked(Deut. xxxi..i.15); and so Liddell bodies (1r,pl,p-yo,); only here and Acts xix. and Scott give the sense of "to be over- 19 in the New Testament or LXX., but strong.'' The sense, therefore, is that these not uncommon in cle.ssical Greek, in the young widows, in the wantonness and un- sense in which it is used here. The verb subdned worldliness of their hearts, reject the ,,.,P"P'Y4(,u9a, occurs in 2 Thess. iii. 11 in yoke of Christ, and kick against the widow's the same ~ense, "meddling with what does life of prayer and supplication day and night. not concern you." And so they return to tl10 world and its Ver. 14.-Desire for will, A.V.; toidoios pleasures, which they had renounced. (in italics) for women, A.V.; rule the h.ouae- Ver. 12.-Condemnation for damnation, 1wld for guide the house, A.V.; for reviling A. V.; rejected for cast off, A. V. Condemna- for to speak reproachfully, A.V. Widows. tion; ,cplµ.a, ve.rionsly translated in the A. V. As the whole discourse is about widows, it ia "d&mne.tion," "condemnation," and "judg- bett.er to supply this as the substantive ment." The word means a "jurlgmeut," understood in .,,..,,dpas. In ver. 11 we have "decision.," or "sentence," but generally an v,..,dpar x-hpar. The olov which precedes ia adverse sentence, e. "condemnation.'' Aud e. further proof tha.t this direction or com- this is tile meaning or the English word mand of the apostle's springs from what he "damnation," whicll has only recently had just been saying about the young e.cqnired the signification of "eternal dam- widows, and therefore that whe.t follows ne.tion.'' Rejected (118iT"11nv); literally, have relates to them, and not to women generally. •et CUlide, or dup/,aced, e.nd hence durreg«rded, [n order to avoid the scandal mentioned in an oath, treaty, promise, or the like. In the ver. 11 of the young widows first dedicating A. V. variously rtndered "reject," "despise," their widowhood to Christ, and then drawing " bring to nothiug," " frustrate," " dis- hack and marrying, he directs that they annul," "cast off.'' The Kplµ.a which tl,ese should follow the nature.I course and marry, widows IJrougl,t upon themselves was that, in doing which they would be hlamele~s. whereas they had devoted themselves to e. Bear ohildren (n1t•O')'ov,iv); here only in life of pra,ver and specie.I senice of the the New Testament or LXX.; but ,,.,,,vo- Church, they had now set aside tl,is their -yovta occurs in eh. ii. 15 (wher11 see note). first faith, and returned to the ordiue.ry Rule the household ( ol,wB.,nro'l'Eiv; here only plee.aures nud avocations of the world. iu this sense); aot the pa.rt of oi1t0Bla-1rom,, Ver. 13.-.A/Ao tlJ be for to be, A. V.; going the 111.iatreu of a family (Plutaroh and CH, V, 1-26,] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO TIMOTHY. 99