The Pulpit Commentary — 1 Timothy — Section 109

"'"owhere). Ol1to3,t11r&.,.,,s frequent in the npo,) ; hr-re in its technical 10n111t or ~cw 'feet1tmont, and kindred worrls Bre "presbyters," which in the first age were uoed in cla.asical Greek. For reviling ( ,\0160- the ruling body in every Church (see Act, pla, xd.piv). The a,lversary (6 l,.,,.,.,,,,tµ,.o,), xiv. 23; n. 2, 4, 6, :22), after the analogy the opponent of Christianity, was always of the elders of the Jews. Rule well (u, •Aek ing some occasion to speak reproach- Ka,\wr 1rpo«nw-ru ). The presbyters or fully of Christians and revile them. Any elders were the chiefs, rulers, or presidents, mi.sconduct on the part of Christian widows of tbe Church (see Rom. xii. 8; I 'fhess. would give him the occasion he was lookin" v. 12; e.nd ~hove, eh. iii. 4, 5). It seemo for. They m11Bt be doubly careful, there:'. that they did not necesoe.ri ly teach and fore, lest they should briug reproach upon preach, but those who did so, labouring in the Name of Christ (comp. Jas. ii. 7; the Word and teaching-, were especially l Pet. ii. 12; iv. 4, H, 15). "J\.o,6opia, worthy of honour. Double honour (see x.i.pw is added . . . to a.'/>opµ't,11 1h6&va, to note on ver. 3) means simply increased specify the manner in which the occasion honour, not exactly twice as much as some would be llBed" (Ellicott). Do not give the one else, or with arithmetical exactnes•. adversary a starting-point from which he So the word ~,..-,\our is nsed in Matt. xxiii. may be able to carry out his desire to revile 15; Rev. xviii, 6; Rnt! by the LXX. in Isa.. the people of God. . xl. 2; Jer. xvi. 18; and elsewhere also in Ver. I 5.-.Already eom, are for eome are classical Greek. An,] so we say," twice as already, A.V. Some. This is generally good," "twice e.s much," with the same in- understood of some widows who had already definite meaning. The Word and teaching. given occe.sion to the e.dversary to speak The ·• Word" means generall r " the Word of reproachfully, by turning aside from the God," e.s we have "preach the Word,'' path of Christie.n virtue which they had "hee.r the Word," "tbe ministry of the be11:un to we.lk in, and following Satan who '.Vord," "doers of the Word," etc. And e.1- had beguiled them into the path of vice e.nd thuugh there is no article before ,\o-y,p here, folly. But the words are capable of another yet, considering the presence of the preposi- meaning, eque.lly a.rising from the preceding tion ,.,, e.nd St. Paul's less careful use of the vene, viz. the.t some have already followed e.rticle in his later Epistles, this absence is the exu.mple of Satan, " the accuser of the not sufficient to cuunterbalance the weight of brethren," and he.ve begun to revile Chris- those considerations which lead to the con- tie.nity, to.king occasion from the conduct of clusion that "le.bouring in the Word" re• some who were called Christians. These fers to the Word of God. The alteme.tive revilers might be not unbelieving Jews or rendering of•• ore.I discourse" or "in speak- heathen, but apostate or heretical Jews ing" seems re.ther weak. Teaching would like those of whom the so.me verb c;,,.,.p,- mean ce.techetical instruction e.nd simile.r ,..,,,9,.,) is used iu eh. i. 6 e.nd 2 Tim. iv. 4. explanatory teaching. Labour (o, Ko1r1w11n,); In something of the same spirit St. Paul a word very frequently used by St. Paul of called Elymus the sorcerer " a child of the spiritual labours (Rom. xvi. 6, 12; 1 Cor. devil," beoe.uee he sought to turu a.way xv. 10; Gal iv. 11 ; Col. i. 29, etc.). Sergiue Pe.ulus from the faith, probably by Ver.18.-When he for that, A.V.; hire for epee.king evil of Be.rne.be.s and Se.ul. reward, A.V. Thou Bhalt not muzzle, etc. Ver. 16.- Woman for man or woman, A. V. This pe.ssage, from Deut. nv., which is e.nd T.R.; hatli for have, A. V.; her for them, quoted and commented upon, in the sank A.V.; burdened for charged, A.V. If e.ny sense e.s here, in I Cor. ix. 9, shows dis• woman, eto So the preponderance of the tinctly th11t rewe.rd was to go with labour beet manuscripts, and the texts of Le.chmann, The ox was not to be hindered from ee.tiug Buttmann, Tischendorf, etc. But the T.R. some portion of the grain which he was is retained by AHord, Ellicott, ' Sponker's tree.ding out. The pree.cher of the gospel Commentary,' e.nd others. If the R.V. is was to live of the goijpel. The labourer is right, the womo.n only is mentioned as being worthy of hi.a hire (li{tos J ip-ycl.T'1S To• the person who he.a the me.nagement of the p.1<18ov a~Tov). In l\latt. x. 10 the words are house. The precept here seems to be ,m the snme as here, exeept the.t -r;J• Tpo</>iis (his extension of that in ver. 4, which relates meat) is substituted for Tov µ1<18ov. But in only to chil<lren and grandohildren, o.nd to Luke x. 7 the words a.re identical witl be given, moreover, with specie.I reference th.use here used, even to the oruission (in the to Christie.u widows who had no believing R.T.) of the verb (,,.,.,,,_ The conclusion is relo.tions to co.re for them, C1nd so were neces- il!evita.ble that the writer of this Epistle wa, snrily cast upon the Church. Let her relieve e.cque.iuted with and quoted from St. Luke's them (,1rap1«hw, as in ver IO). Widows Gospel; and further, that he deemed it, or at indeed ('rais 6nws xfipa,s, 11s in vers. 2 11nd 5). lee.st the saying of the Lord Jesus recorded Ver. 17.- Those for tliey, A.V.; in teach- in it, to be of equal authority with "i1 "'fl for doctrine, A.'V. The elders (11p«11J{,- ')'paf,IJ:' the SoriptUN. If this Episile was  100 THE FIRST EPISTLE TO TIMOTHY. [ou. v. 1-26.