PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
The Pulpit Commentary — 1 Timothy
Arthur Charles Hervey [1808-1894] · 145,748 words · 149 reading sections
The Pulpit Commentary — 1 Timothy — Section 1
THE PULPIT COMMENT ARY EDITED BY THE VERY REV. H. D. M. SPENCE, D.D. DEAN OF GLOUCESTER AND BY THE REV. JOSEPH S. EXELL, M.A. I. TIMOTHY ~rpo~mton enb ~omilttic~ BY THE RIGHT HON. AND RIGHT REV. LORD A. C. HERVEY, D.D. LORD DISllOP OF BATH AND WELLS ~omiltt!l bJ? @eriou~ autbor~ REV. PROF. T. CROSKERY, D.D.…
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8-11; iv. 7, 8; Titus ii. 11-13; iii. 4-7, breaks out into rapturons exhibi- tions of the grace of the gospel, and refers to his own office as a preacher of it; and the similar sentiments in such passages a.s Rom. i. 5, 14--17; xv. 15, 16; 1 Cor. i. 17; xv. 1-11; 2 Cor. iv. 4-7; Gal. i. 1-5 ( and throughout the Epistle…
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i. 17 (elsewhere onlyin 1 Peter); d:,rw0oµai in Rom. xi. 1, 2 and in 1 Tim. i. 19 ( elsewhere only in the Acts); av07JT0<; in Rom. i. 14 and Gal. iii. 1, 3, and in 1 Tim. vi. 9 and Titus iii. 3 ( elsewhere only in Luke xxiv. 25); av1nro1<pi70 ~ in Romans, Corinthians, and in 1 Tim. i. 5 and 2 Tim. i. 5 (elsewhere only …
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Titus, and, apparently, of Tychicus and Artemaa likewise, is strongly indioative of the third quarter of the first century, and was not at all likely to occur tl) a writer of the latter part of the second century. As far as appears from the pastoral Epistles, bishops with settled dioceses did not exist at the time when…
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and the First Epistle to Timothy. Assuming that the three Epistles were written in the same year, and that "the winter" spoken of in Titus iii. 12 and 2 Tim. iv. 20 is thti same winter, we get the following itinerary for St. Paul: Crete (Titus i. 3), Miletus (2 Tim. iii. 20), possibly Ephesus ( 1 Tim. i. 3), 'l'roas (…
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question hae already been partially answered in the preceding eeotion, but it is import.ant enough to demand a separate consideration. Hug, in hie 'Introduction to the Writings of the New Testament' (vol. ii. sects. xo., oiii., cxxii., cxxiii.), assigns the Epistle to Titus to St. Paul's second missionary journey. He …
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Other oiroumstanoes militate strongly against the oomposition of 2 Timothy at the time of St. Paul'1:1 first imprisonment. St. Luke's aooount of that imprisonment by no means prepares the reader for a tragic termina- tion of it (Aots xxviii. 30, 31). Nor does St. Paul's own language, in the Epistles to the Ephesians, P…
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probably (Acts xx. 25) sent Timothy there, perhaps intending to follow him; but, from ciroumetancee with which we are unacquainted, he thought it better to go straight to Macedonia (1 Tim. i. 3), and wrote 1 Timothy from TroaH, wl,ere he had hie writing apparatus (2 Tim. iv. 13). He had intended tu go back from Macedon…
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reason to hope that it had served ite tum in diverting suspicion from Nero, and wae near its close. Anyhow, he hoped to be "restored unto them soon," and to come to them with Timothy (Heh. xiii. 19, 23).1 But this expectation was not destined to be fulfilled. Nor do we know whether Timothy arrived in time to see him a…
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cogent reaeoningR and exhortations, and by the strongest Cl, ristian mutivee, St. Paul etrive11 to comfort and suotain Timothy under the trying and perilous circumstances in which he was placed, and adds sorue pro- phetic warnings concerning coming heresies, and directiuns as to h11w Timothy ie to meet them. A brief st…
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APPEND1x : LIST ov WoRDS PEcu:I..ua TO THE P ASTOIUL EP1STLa lnpo31llcurnA.,i11: I Tim. i. S: vt. 8. O. 1 lip/i:t.,-111: l Tim. iii I : vt. 10; Beb. -.,irrH: 1 Tim. i. 4, 0., LXX. :U. 16, Q X, llt(irn,tTu : 1 Tim. i. 4, '1,,,,r{.\71,..,.011': 1 Tim, fil, 2 ; V, 7; vi.,. _..;;e.,: ! Tim. i. 4; iv. 7; 2 Tim. iv. 4; 1…
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ln,p1t•tT•v: 1 Tim. v. 10, 16. o. .t!XP71tTTor: ITim. ii. 21; lv.11 (Philem. 1<a..-a,np11vid.,r,,,,,,: 1 Tim. v. 11. ll). C., LXX. (once). ,p11.6apo,: l Tim. v. 13; 4 Maco. O. ,,.,,,.,.,p,,cd.s: 2 Tim. ii 22. Josephus. C. w,plep-yo,: I Tim. v. 13 (e.nd Acte m. /&,ra,ll,,',,-ovr : 2 Tim. ii. 23. C., LXX. 19). 0., X. -y…
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A considerable mnge of literature, both English and German, has gathered round the question of the authorship of the pastoral Epistles. The following are some of the chief works bearing on it. Erigli,sh: Dean Alford'~ 'Prolegomena to the Pastoral Epistles,' a very able and conclusive statement; " Introduction to th…
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EzcwrS'U,S on tl,,e Testimony of Hegesippus as preserved by Eu.~ebi'U,8, ' Ecd. Hist.,' iii. xxxii. Eusebius quotes Hegesippus as saying that, till the death of the apostles, the Church had been as a pure virgin; but that when the apostles were all dea,l, -rij, aB,ov -r>...d.rq, .-¾,v clpx¾J., i>...J.µ/Jt1.J1<l' ~ uo…
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CHAP'rER L with his deepening sense of sin as be drew towards his end, e.nd harmonizes beautifully Ver. 1.-Chriet Jee'UII for Jesus Christ, with what he says in vera. 12-16. The A.V. ai,d T.R.; according w for 1,y, A.V.; analogy or the other forms of blessing Oh.riat JesU8 our hope for Lord Jexus Chri•t, quoted above…
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·• mmm&nd" or •• oh&rga" It i1 takPn up word Applied tn the em&nation1 of the R!one in var. 18 (-raun,v -r¾,v wapa;--y•}l./av), "Thie in the Gnostic v~bulary. The geneawgies, clrn rge," eto. Te&oh a. different doctrine then, were ,Jewish perlio-rees, either used ( /,-,poo,oa,n,a)l.,iv). Thi• i• one of the many liter…
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their false dootrine, were so rnthlossly im- iii. 2-1: iv. 4, 11, etc..). But he everywhere perling. Eooh of these phr1U1ca, "" pure apPai.s of thee Law A.A goo,! and holy. It a heart" and "a good conscience" and "faith man -i.e. a teacher of the Law-use 1t law- .m feigner]," seems to rebuke by contrast the fully; kn<>…
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(eh. iv. 7; vi. 20; 2 Tim. ii. 16 ;) l\nd Heb. xii. we srty "tho queen's ml\jesty," the "ldng'a 16, but found oomruonly in thP LXX. e.nd in grnce." Or (:.!)"the glory of God·• might lllaesical Greek. Il11Tp<IAq,1us and µ.71Tp11.J..<,iais, mean Jesus Christ, who is the HrightneSII of not murderer&, but, its in the ml…
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tog8'her u heft!). Appointing me to his and was the frnit of it, and oharaoteriud ae~oe. . The A.V., putting me into the his whole afuir-Iife. mi11ulry, 11 a better rendering, because •• the Ver. 15.-Faithful ui ~ saying for tAi8 ~inietry " e_xaotly e3:preeees the prticula.r u a faithful saying, A.V. l!'aithful is the …
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ee.mple (wp~s Jwon\w..,,,.cv). The word only oe~in that St. Paul is here using a familiar ><'CUl'II in the New Testament here Rlltl 2 Jewish phrase for" eternal" whioh bas no- l'im. i. 12; bnt both it nnd the n,l'b 1\rro• thing whatever to do with Gnostio te0ne. rv1r&r., nre good classical words. The mean- Perh11ps …
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th1Lt thou mayest war the good wo.rfare ac- tive). Both the grammar nnd the sense corrling to the tenor of them." He thus adds e')ually o.drnit the rendering "1"1tith," refer- the.t he entrusted this chnrge to 'fimothy, not ring to the preceding ,r/,nar. (Fnr the phrase. mero motu, but fl.Ccording to direct indicati…
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V°el'I!. 3-11, 19, 20.-The heretic. We have in these verses some of the charac- teristics of heresy very graphically port.rayed. First, there is the teaching of other or different doctrine from tb~t ~hich they lrnd _rec~ived. The Fathem always lay 11tre88 1 1pon novelty as charnctenst1c of heresy, wl11le 1t was cha…
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L THE APOSTLE'S AUTHORITY. "Paui, an apostle of Jesns Christ according to th, co~m11ndmcnt of God our Saviour, and Christ Jesus, wh,, _is our Hope." The 'apo 8 tic- sh11, was his, not merel_y because he was called to it (Rom. 1. 1), or d<'stine,l to it hy thr, will of God (1 Cor. i. 1), but according to express Divine…
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~t1todard of wnchi11g hy which 1tl1 other teaching was to be judged. (2) There may have 11 een no _t..loctrin1tl heresy at Ephesus; but the teaching, being of a morbic!, unedifying, ,p_ecula~1ve character, would _tend to reduce the warmth <;1f "the first love" of Ephesi1tn ·:tmt.11, if not to lead to senous dep1trtu…
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and power to love, because it is itself not the pretence of faith, but faith in real exillt.ence and power. There was thus a marked contrast with the life of the false teachers-- corrupted In mind ( eh. vi. 5), seared in conscience ( eh. iv. 2), and " reprobate con- cerning the faith" (2 Tim. iii. 8). 4. Mark the order…
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Pbe.ri!lRic legalist.R or mere Ju<laists, but persons ignorant of the true nature itnd design of ~he ~aw; who a~stnined from things lawful and good, and were yet morally corrupt (Titus 1. 10; Rev. n. 9, 14, 20, 24). Ill. GROUND OF TBE DISTINCTION BETWEEN ITS LAWFUL AND UNLAWFUL UBE. •• Knowing "this, that the Law is …
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Vere. 12, 13.-Efaculation rf thankfulness/or thi., high tr,,.,f,. Though he appears to turn aside for a moment from the false teachers, he is still carrying out bis design to inspire Timothy with a pn,per view of the true nat,ue an<i impl)rtance of the gospel. I. 'l'BE SUBJECT-MATTER OF BIB THANKSGIVING. "I thank Chri…
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Ver. 15.-The summary of the gospel,. This statement is grounded on his own experience of God's saving mercy. I. THE TRUTH AND CERTAINTY OF THE GOSPEL REVELATION. "Faithful is the Word, and worthy of all acceptation." Five times does this phrase occur in the pastoral Epistles. It was a sort of formula or watchword of …
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Ven. 18-20.-The solemn charge to Timothy. The apostle here returns to the duty of Jirccting Timothy. I. IT IS NECESSARY FOR EVEN GOOD MINISTERS TO BE BEllINDED OF THEIR DUTIES A.ND RESPONSIBILITIES. "This charge I commit to thee, my son Timothy." 1. The charge may have indirectly aUuded to the commands already given, …
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Vera. 1, 2.-The Divine benedwtion. "Grace, mercy, and peace, from God our Father and Jesus Christ our Lord." '!'his is a trinity of blessing. 'l'he gospel is to be preached as a new life. This contrasts with vain jangling in the sixth verse. Some had swerued, or literally turned aside, as an arrow that misses the mark.…
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t hinketh in hie heart, ao ia he." Th is ia 11, true teaching, 11.nd m11.y open up 11, new view of moral and spiritual life to the thoughtful mind. II. TBB HEART 18 THE REVEALING PART OF THE TRUE MAN. You must watch life in lta temper and spirit 11,t all times and in all places. You may be deceived by good actions. Me…
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fait~-11, fa!th w~ich says, "I beli~ved, and therefor~ ha·n. I spoken." . There may be a vanable faith, hke that 0f the Vicar of Bray's, which believed anythmg-Romanistic, Rationalistic. or Evangelical-for the sake of position. But the mask soon drops, and men, instead of receiving the truth, despise the false teacher…
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Ver. 11.-TM nature of God. "Of the blessed God." Prove that the goapel comes from God, and it must be blessed; for God is blessed in himself. His nature is light, which is always beautiful; _and love, which is alw1tys beneficent. L Tms II! A DESCRIPTION oF THE DIVINE NATURE. Not of some of the attributes of that na…
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Vers.1-11.-Introduction. 1. 8,m,der. "Paul, an e.postle of Christ Jesus according to the commandment of God our Saviour, and Christ Jesus our Hope." It is usual for Pe.ul to begin his letters by taking the designation of apostle. He thus claimed to write, e.nd to order ecclesiastical e.ffairs, under infallible directio…
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iDto hie views and plans, and therefore, we may say, the ideal of an assistant. 3. &dutatum. "Grace, mercy, peace, from God the Father and ChriRt Jesus our Lord." The insertion of mercy in the salutation is a peculiarity of the Epistles to Timothy. There is invoked grace on him a.q unworthy, mercy on him as ea:pnsed…
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who Me committed to his care. 1. The W'l!e of tM ,-,_ mUBt be ,usociated toUA ptWe elements. "O_ut of a pure heart." He mu,t have, mingled with his affection, and giving character to 1t, an antipathy to sin in every form, to unreality, to 1uperficiality; and a passion for holiness in every form, for reality, for depth.…
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,--a, of whom many classes are mentioned. These are grouped with reference to the two tables of the Law. Under the head of breakers of the first table, i.e. the unrighteous toward God, are given six classes in pairs. There are the lawless and unruly. With aggravation, they refuse ro be under law, making their own pl…
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in this connection it is put forward as embodying the glory of the blessed God. "The gospel of the glory of the blessed God." Such are the words of Paul, the great gospel preacher, t<1 his pupil Timothy. Consider, in the first place, how it belongs to the ~leased God !-° c_ommunicate his blessedness; and, in the seamd …
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Now, ju~t 88 the miserable man would have a miserable world around him ao the happy c:urn would have a happy w0rld around him. He would distribute h;ppiness moet lavishly. He would admit all to a share of it. He would have all to be happy as he is happy. " I would to God," said Paul to Agrippa, "that not only thou, …
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of sadness In all their joy, What better confession could there be that we are miserable? We are sadly out of tune. Who can bring joy out of us ? Now, here comes in the gospel to make UB happy. God could have made others happy. If there had not been enough, he could have created more, and poured out his happiness upo…
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holy, that so we m11y be lrnppy. We remRrk (3) that the gospel is glorimrn, if we con- ,,der th~ 11ature of the bk,serlnesa that is commumcated by ,:t. 'l'he blessedness for which mim w11s intended, Rnd t-0 which he would have 11ttnined through obedience, WRB ,·er~· grf'At. Passing safe!~· t.hrnugh the gate of trial…
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of happineSB to hie fellow-men. And as he was made responsihle, so also he was empowered. He we.s not sent a warfare on his own charges. He was supplied with all that was necessary for the discharge of the duties connected with the trust. And iO he cannot refrain from turning aside for a little, to pour forth his so…
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fatory fonnulo. ia peculiar to the pastoral Epistles. ':'he first clause, which occUJ'B five times, points to the certitude of the gosl?el. The would-be teo.chers of the Law-appa· rently Essenes~ealt in fables for which there was no ground of certainty, and in genealogies or naming,; of intermediate agencies, which …
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to the p~nis_e of _the Io_ng-su/Tering of ~~ist. ~hoev_er th~~s he is far enough away from behevm~, m resistance to the D1vme lea.dings, m hostility offered to Christ, Pa.ul would he.ve him to be encouraged by his example to believe on Christ, the certain end of this believing being eternal life, or possession, up to o…
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EXPOSITION. be merely an act of adomHnn, or oontessfon, CHAPTER Il. of recital of God's mercies, and so on. So Ver. 1.-Fir•I of all, that for that,first of as regards lvT•u!«r, here rendered "inter- all, A Y.; thanhgfoing8 for and gi~ing of cessions.'' There is nothing in the ety- thank,, A.V. I exhort therefore. Th…
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prnyen as "Tom away from us every plot ( ,i11~x,o•); found only here and \ Pet. iii • ('7n/lou/l.f,v) of wicked men" (Liturgy of St. in the New Testament, and in the LXX. in Mark). Isa. !xvi. 2. But the noun ,i11uxia and the Ver. 2.-.And aU for and fur aU, A.V.; verb ,iaux&(,iv are common. Godlinea• (,1, 11 ,- hi11h p…
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our SRviour in the New Tesmment here and comin~ into tho wol"id Is frequently dwelt in Heb. viii. 6; ix. 15: xii. 24. In the only upon m s~ripturo; e.g. G11l. iv. 4; Eph. i. other passnge where St. Paul USPS it (Gal. 10; Heb. L2 (comp. Acts xvii. 30, al; 2 iii. 19 20) it is applied to Moses the media- Cor. vi. 2). (…
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muoh more to the same effect" (' Hom.' vi.). LXX., in Isa. xxviii. 5, for m•D:11, a "rlie.- ~u 'Ho~.' viii. his C?mment on this passage dem,'' or "twined garlanrl." 'fu clasaical 1e: "Without beanng malice. . . . Let no Greek 1r/\l-yµa,,-a are anything twined, ten- one approach God in enmity, or in an unami- drilil' of…
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,·. 22; Ool. iii. 18; Titus ii Ii: 1 Pet. saye, •o ll<t>.. 1,,...{...,,,., ,.., "The serpenl 11i. l). beguiled me." Juet u in Gal. iii. 16 he Ver. 12.-Permit for w,ffer, A.V.; hafle reasons from ,,.,,.,pµa.,., being in the singular ·lnminion for .,,,,,rp a11rlwrity, A.V.; a fot the, number, and aR the writer· to the…
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hu~a~ race (88 their enemies falsely said), but as bein~ tnie lovers of their kind, that Christians banded themselves together and refUBed all fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness. Thie love, then, was especially to be shown in their united prayer~. When they co.me together, though perhaps their enemies wer…
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by hi~ pre~ence (Matt. xvi ii. 20); (3) the .saints delight in it (Ps. xiii. 4) • (4) they are to be exhorted to the exercise of it (Heb. x. 25); (5) it is not to be condu'cted in e.n unknown tongue (1 Cor. xiv. 14-16). 2. The variety r:f terms in which it i, here descrihed implies the d£versity of circumstances in …
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Vers. 5-7.-Reasonsfor this univr:rsality of prayer in the relation of all men to God and Christ. "For there is one God, one Mediator also between God and men, himself man, Christ Jesus." The salvation of men cannot, therefore, be to us a matter of selfish indifference. I. THE l!El,ATIOl•i OF ALL MEN TO Gon. The unity …
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Ver. 8.-The conduct of pub'lic prayer by men. The apostle now proceeds to indicate the persons by whom public prayer is to be conducted, and the spirit which is to govern this part of public worship. L PRA YEB IN THE CHRISTIAN AIISEMBLIES I8 TO BE CONDU<n'ED BY HEN. " I wish then that prayer be made in every place by…
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wo11Mln m IM GhrisU(Jlfl, amrmblies, which ought not to be showy or con.~picuou,i, calcn- lrtted either to swell the heart of the wearer with pride, or to attract the eyes of others in forgetfulness of the solemnity of public worship. 2. While adornment is expressly allowed, according to age and station, to the exclusi…
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in a.II Churches of the Raints, let your women keep silence in the Churche~, for it is not (X'rmittrd to them to speak . . . for it is a shame for women to speak in the Churches." Prophesying as well as preaching is forbidden to women. ('I') Much unnecessary difficulty has been caused by the p:i.~s:tge respecting "a…
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of law and government, is that we may enjoy a. quiet life. To some a. quiet life is the least desirable thing; but it is the life of nature, and it is the moRt blessed life. How quietly the flowers blow, the stars shine, the dew descends, the hirds win"' their Aight, the light falls I 1. "A quiet life;" JM if thNe be d…
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Ver. 6.-The self-giving qf <JArist. "Who gave himself a Ransom for all, to be testified in due time." We are indebted to the slavery of St. Paul's time for the use of t.he word "ransom." So literature, in its words, enshrines history. We c11nnot make a perfect theory of the Atonement. Many have tried. Some have taken t…
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who acts for others, then there is here required of us priestly service, which is only in ~ccordanco wilh our being called,in 1 Pet, ii. 5,a holy priesthood. Our priestly service is here reganled as twofold. (1) l'rayer for all. For the sake of emphasis and fulness three words are used to denote, prayer, which a Greek …
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should ~ee that he ia not robbed of his sacrifice of praise. Our thanks<rivin" is to extend far beyond our knowledge. We are to seize the spirit of universality which the apostle here inculcates. 1' Almighty God, Father of all mercies, we thine unworthy servants do give thee most humble and hearty th:mks for all thy…
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'£hat shuts out all clashing of administration. As all are under the same Divine govern- ment, so all are governed on the same impartial, universal principles, and governed toward the one end of their salvation. 2. in the hands of the one Mediator. "One Media.tor also between God e.nd men, himself man, Christ Jesus.…
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