§ 35. REFOEMATION IN SCHAFFHAUSEN. 129
lie; Ausserrhoden, with Herisau, Trogen, and Gais, is Reformed, and more industrious and prosperous.
The Reformation in Thurgau and Aargau presents no features of special interest.^
§ 35. Reformation in Scliaffhausen. Hofmeister.
Melchior Kirchofer: Schaffhauserische Jahrbilcher von 1519-1539, oder Geschichte der Reformation der Stadt und Landschaft Scliaffhausen. Schaffhausen, 1819; 2d ed. Frauenfeld, 1838 (pp. 152). By the same: Sebastian Wagner, genannt Hofmeister. Zurich, 1808. — Edav. Im-Thurm und Hans W. Harder: Chronik der Stadt Schaffhausen (till 1790). Scliaffhausen, 1844. — H. G. Sulzberger: Geschichte der Reformation des Kant. Schaffhausen. Scliaffhausen, 1876 (pp. 47).
Scliaffhausen on the Rhine and the borders of Wiirttemberg and Baden followed the example of the neighboring canton Ziirich, under the lead of Sebastian Hofmeister (1476-1533), a Franciscan monk and doctor and professor of theology at Constance, where the bishop resided. He addressed Zwingli, in 1520, as " the firm preacher of the truth," and wished to become his helper in healing the diseases of the Church of Switzerland.^ He preached in his native city of Schaffhausen against the errors and abuses of Rome, and attended as delegate the religious disputations at Ziirich (January and October, 1523), which resulted in favor of the Reformation.
He was aided by Sebastian Meyer, a Franciscan brother who came from Berne, and by Ritter, a priest who had formerly opposed him.
The Anabaptists appeared from Ziirich with their radical views. The community was thrown into disorder. The
1 Comp. Oelhafen, Chronik der Stadt Aarau, 1840; Sulzhergev, Refoi-mation >m Kanton Aargau, 1881 ; Pupikofer, Geschichte des Thurgau's, 1828-'30, 2 vols.; second ed. 1889-90; Sulzberger, Die Reformation im Kanton Thurgau, 1872.
- Hofmeister's letters in Zwingli's Opera, Yll. 146, 289; II. 166, 348. He subscribes himself Sebastianus CEcononius seu Hofmeister. His last letter is dated from Zofingen (1529), and very severe against Luther's writings on the sacramental controversy.
130 THE SWISS EEFORMATION.
magistracy held Hofmeister and ]Myer responsible, and banished them from the canton. A reaction followed, but the Reformation triumphed in 1529. The villages followed the city. Some noble families remained true to the old faith, and emigrated.
Schaffhausen was favored by a succession of able and devoted ministers, and gave birth to some distinguished historians.!
§ 36. The Grrisons (^G-rauhundeii).
Colonel Landamniann Theofil Sprecher a Bernegg at Maienfeld, Graubiinden, has a complete library of the history of the Grisons, including some of the manuscripts of Campell and De Porta. I was permitted to use it for this and the following two sections under his hospitable roof in June, 1890. [ have also examined the Kantons-Bibliothek of Graubiinden in the " Rajtische Museum" at Coire, which is rich in the (Romanic) literature of the Grisons.
I. Ulrici Campelh Ratm Alpestris Topographica Descriptio, edited by Chr. J. KixD, Basel (Schneider), 1884, pp. 448, and Historia Rcetica, edited by Plac. Plattxer, Basel, tom. I., 1877, pp. 724, and torn. II., 1890, pp. 781. These two works form vols. VII., VIII., and IX. of Quellen zur Schweizer-Geschichte, published by the General Historical Society of Switzerland. They are the foundation for the topography and history of the Grisons in the sixteenth century. Campell was Reformed pastor at Siis in the Lower Engadin, and is called "the father of the historians of Riitia." De Porta says that all historians of Riitia liave ploughed with his team. An abridged German translation from the Latin manuscripts was published by Conradin von Mohr : Ulr. Campell's Zicei B'ucher ratischer Geschichte, Chur (Hitz), 1849 and 1851, 2 vols., pp. 236 and 566.
R. Ambkosius Eichhorn (Presbyter Congregationis S. Blasii, in the Black Forest) : Episcopatus Cui-iensis in Hhcetia sub metiopoli Moguntina chronologice et diplomatice illustratus. Typis San-Blasianis, 1797 (pp. 368, 4°). To which is added Codex Probationum ad Episcopatum Cnriensem ex prcecipuis documentis omnibus ferme ineditis collectus, 204 pp. The Reformation
1 Johannes von Miiller, called the German Tacitus (1752-1809) ; Melchior Kirchhofer (1775-1853), who wrote valuable biographies of the minor Reformers (Hofmeister, Haller, Myconius, and Farel), and the fifth volume of Wirz's Helvetische Kirchengeschichte ; and Friedrich von Hurter (1787-1865), the author of the best history of Pope Innocent III. (1834-42, 4 vols.). Hurter was formerly Antistes of the Reformed Church of Schaffhausen, but became (partly by the study of the palmy period of the mediaeval hierarchy) a Roman Catholic in 1844, and was appointed imperial counsellor and historiographer of Austria, 1845.