THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
Jerome, only a few manuscripts of the Old Latin have survived and these as fragments and palimpsests only, but of high antiquity. It is a great pity that they are not yet collected in such a way as to make their use easy, es-
2. Manuscripts and
Editions Peciauv f°r the Old Testament, since they are all important for the criticism of the Septuagint. This was recognized by the Roman commission which prepared the Editio Sixtina of the Septuagint. They collected with great care the Biblical quotations from the Latin ecclesiastical writers. Petrus Morinus, Antonius Agellius, and Lselius Malwerda were the members of the commission to whom this part of the task was entrusted. Their labors were used in the scholia of the Greek edition of 1586 [1587], but still more freely in its Latin translation, published by Flaminius Nobilius (Rome, 1588: reprinted with the Greek text at Paris, 1G24; without it, Venice, 1609, 1628; Antwerp, 1616). But the chief work is Bibliorum Sacrorum Latinm versiones antiques opera et studio Petri Sabatier, 0. S. B.,
e congregatione S. Mauri (3 vols., Reims, 1739-49, with new title, Paris, Didot, 1751). Before Sabatier, are to be mentioned J. M. Cams (Cardinal Tommasi), Sacrorum Bibliorum iuxta editionem seu LXX Interpretum seu B. Hieronymi veteres tituli, etc. (2 vols., Rome, 1688; 2d ed. in Thomasii Opera, ed. Vezzosi, i, Rome, 1747); and Ecclesiastes ex versione Itala cum notis Bossueti (Paris, 1693). For full list of manuscripts and editions, cf. the Hauck-Herzog RE, iii, 28-33. The manuscripts of the New Testament are enumerated also in Scrivener's Introduction, ii (London, 1894), 45-54 (revised by H. J. White); in Gregory's Prolegomena to Tischendorf's New Testament, iii, 952-971, and Textkritik des Neuen Testaments (Leipsic, 1900), 598-613; and in the prefaces of Jerome's New Testament edited by J. Wordsworth and H. J. White (Novum Testamentum Domini nostri Jesu ■Christi Latine secundum editionem S. Hieronymi ad codicum manuscriptorum fidem recensuit Johannes Wordsworth. In operis societalem adsumpto Henrico Juliano White, part i, the four Gospels, Oxford, 1889-98; part ii, section i, Acts, 1905). In the critical apparatus of the New Testament they are designated by the small letters of the Latin alphabet.
The following additions may be made to what is contained in the RE (ut sup.):
Old Testament: P. Sabatier, Bibliorum Sacrorum Lalince versiones antiques, i (Reims, 1744), 904 (for a fragment of Job; cf. S. Berger, Histoire de la Vulgate, Paris, 1893, 86); G. M. Bianchini, Vindicice canonicarum scripturarum (Rome, 1740; Psalms from the Codex V eronensis); F. Mone, Lateinische und Griechische Messen (Frankfort, 1850), 40 (for fragments of Psalms from a palimpsest in Carlsruhe); P. de Lagarde, Probe einer neuen Ausgabe der lateinischen Uebersetzung des Alten Testaments (Gottingen, 1885; for Psalms); H. Ehrensberger, Psalterium vetus (Tauberbischofsheim, 1SS7); Heptateuchi partis posterioris versio Latina antiquissima e codice Lugdunensi (Lyons, 1890; cf. F. Vigouroux, in Rerue des questions historiques, Jan.-Apr., 1902); P. de Lagarde, Septuagintastudien, ii (Gottingen, 1892; for III Esdras); J. Belsheim, Libri Tobit, Judit, Ester . Latina translatio e codice . . Monachensi (Trondhjem, 1893); V. Schultze, Die Quedlinburger Itala-Miniaturen in Berlin (Munich, 1898; he refers them to the fourth century); P. Corssen, Zwei neve Fragmente der Weingartener Prophetenhandschrift, nebet einer Untersuchung ilber
das Verhaltnis der T7' ' cingartencr und Wiirzburger Prophetenhandschriften (Berlin, 1899); P. Thielmann, Bericht uber das gesammelte handschriftliche Material zu einer kritischen Ausgabe der lateinischen Uebersetzungen biblischer Biicher des Alten Testaments, in Sitzungsberichte der koniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1899, ii, 2; G. Hoberg, Die alteste lateinische Ucbersetzung des Bucket Baruch (Freiburg, 1902); A. M. Amelli, De libri Baruch vetustissima Latina versione . : . epistola (Montecassino 1902); W. O. E. Oesterley, Old Latin Texts of the Minor Prophets, in JTS, v (1904), 76, 242, 378, 570, vi, 67, 217. The Psalms from the Mozarabic Liturgy are in MPL, lxxxv.
New Testament: Gospels: The Fragmenta Curiensia (a) are edited in OLBT, ii (London, 1888); for Codex Saretianus (j), cf. G. Amelli, Un antichissimo codice biblico latino purpurea (Montecassino, 1893); Acts: Codex Demidovianus (dem), probably of the thirteenth century, now lost, a mixed text, was edited by C. F. Matthjei (Novum Testamentum, Piiga, 1782); for the Codex Laudianus (e), see Bible Text, II, 1, §9; it was revised by White for Wordsworth- White; on the Codex Perpinianus (p), thirteenth century, a mixed text, collated by White, cf. S. Berger, Un Ancien Texte latin des Actes des ApStres, in Notices et Extraits des manuscrits, xxxv (Paris, 1895); cf. further Liber comicus sive le'ctionarius missm quo Toletana ecclesia ante annos MCC utebatur, ed. G. Morin (Anecdota Maredsolana, i, Maredsous, 1893). Pauline Epistles: for the manuscripts d, e, f, g, cf. H. Ronsch, in ZWT, 1882, p. 83. Apocalypse: cf. H. Linke, Studien zur Itala (Breslau, 1889). The Codex Corbeiensis (/f2), with fragments of the Catholic Epistles, Acts, and the Apocalypse from the Fleury palimpsest (Paris, 6400 G), have been lately edited by E. S. Buchanan (Oxford, 1907, in OLBT, v).
On the relation of the different texts, cf. for the New Testament Sort's Introduction (London, 1881) and Wordsworth-White; for the Old Testament Kennedy in DB, iii. 49 sqq. On the language, cf. H. Ronsch, Itala und Vulgata (Marburg, 1869), on which work cf. J. N. Ott, in Neue Jahrbilcher fur Philologie, cix, 1874, pp. 778, 833.
Of the highest importance for the restoration of the Old Latin Bible are the quotations of the older Latin writers. Their countries are known and thus the home of the Biblical texts is located. Yet many questions are still unsettled; 3. Quota- e_g-; did Tertullian know and use a in Latin Latin translation or are his quotations Writers, taken by him from the Greek and translated into Latin? Heinrich Hoppe (Syntax und Stil des Tertullian, Leipsic, 1903) denies that Tertullian knew a Latin version of the Old Testament. T. Zahn makes the same assertion for the New Testament.
Quotations from almost all books are found in the Liber de divinis scripturis sive speculum (designated as m), ascribed to Augustine, published by A. Mai in Spicilegium Romanum, ix, 2 (Rome, 1843), 1—88, and in Nova patrum bibliotheca, i, 2 (1852), 1-117; better by F. Weihrich, in CSEL, xii (cf. Weihrich's dissertation, Die Bibel-Excerpte de divina scriptura, Vienna, 1893). Several fragments are also in C. Vercellone, Dissertationi accademiche (Rome, 1864). On the quotations in general, cf. H. Ronsch, in ZHT, x, 1867, 606-634, 1869, 433-479, 1870, 91-150, 1871, 531, 1875, 86; L. J. Bebb, in Studia Biblia, ii (London, 1890), 195 sqq.; Scrivener's Introduction (London, 1894), 167-174; Gregory's Prolegomena, iii (Leipsic, 1894), 1131-1246; and Kennedy, in DB, 52-53.
The writers that are of primary importance are : Alcimus Avitus, archbishop of Vienne c. 450—517; Ambrose, bishop of Milan 374-397; Ambrosiaster, the name given to a most important commentator on the thirteen Epistles of St. Paul (cf. T. Zahn, in NKZ, xvi, pp. 419 sqq., and A. Souter, TS, vii, 4, Cambridge, 1905); Arnobius, presbyter in Africa, fourth century; Exhortationes de paenitentia, ascribed to Cyprian; Liber de aleatoribut (according to Harnack as early as Cyprian); Liber de pascha computus (written in Africa c. 243); Liber de promissionibua (ascribed to Prosper of Aquitaine); Liber collationislegumMoiaicarumetRomanarum (ed. P. Kruger and T. Mommsen in Collectio librorum juris antejuttiniani, iii, Berlin, 1891); Auguatine, bishop of Hippo