THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
ton's Village Hymns (New York, 1824). The tune " Monson," to which it is often sung, was written by her son, Samuel Robbins Brown (q.v.).
Bibliography: F. M. Bird, in The Independent for Jan. 6, Jan. 20, and April 14, 1881; S. W. Duffield, English Hymns, pp. 242-246, New York, 1886 (gives original text of the hymn mentioned in the text); Julian, Hymnology, p. 1S5.
BROWN, SAMUEL ROBBINS: The first American appointed missionary to Japan; b. at East Windsor, Conn., June 16, 1810, son of Phoebe ^Hinsdale) Brown (q.v.); d. at Monson, Mass., June 20, 1880. He was graduated at Yale, 1832; studied at the Theological School, Columbia, S. O, 1835-37. and at Union Theological Seminary, New York, 1837-38; went to China in 1838 and took charge of a school founded and maintained by the Morrison Education Society (see Morrison, Robert), located first at Macao, in 1842 removed to Hongkong. He returned to America in 1847 bringing with him three Chinese boys, one of whom was Yung Wing, afterward at the head of the Chinese Education Commission; he taught at Rome, N. Y., 1848-51, and was pastor of the Reformed (Dutch) Church and principal of a successful school at Owasco Outlet (Sand Beach), near Auburn, N. Y., 1851-59; was one of the incorporators (1851) and first chairman of the executive committee of Elmira College, the first chartered woman's college in America. In May, 1859, he sailed for Japan as missionary of the Reformed (Dutch) Church, and located at Kanagawa till 1863. when he removed to Yokohama; returned to America in 1867 and for two years preached for his old church at Owasco Outlet; was again in Japan 1869-79. Dr. Brown arrived in Japan immediately after the opening of the country; during the difficult transition period which followed he labored with rare judgment and unfailing zeal for both natives and foreign residents. His views and his methods were free from narrowness and he considered the advancement of civilization a part of the work of the Christian missionary. He wrote many articles and newspaper letters on Chinese and Japanese subjects; prepared school books for his pupils; published Colloquial Japanese (Shanghai, 1863), and Prendergast's Mastery System Adapted to the Study of Japanese or English (Yokohama, 1878); and assisted in the Japanese translation of the New Testament, completed just before his death and published the same year.
Bibliography: W E. Griffis, A Maker of the New Orient, Samuel R. Brown, New York, 1902.
BROWN, WILLIAM ADAMS: Presbyterian; b. in New York City Dec. 29, 1865. He was educated at Yale University (B.A., 1886), Union Theological Seminary (1890), and the University of Berlin (1890-92). He was successively instructor in church history (1892-93) and systematic theology (1893-95) in Union Theological Seminary, where he was provisional professor of systematic theology from 1895 to 1898, and has been Roosevelt professor of the same subject since 1898. He is a member of the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis, and has written, in addition to contributions to Hastings's Dictionary of the Bible, Musical
Instruments and their Homes (New York, 1888)* The Essence of Christianity (1892); Christ the Vitalizing Principle of Christian Theology (1898); and Christian Theology in Outline (1907).
BROWN, WILLIAM MONTGOMERY: Protestant Episcopal bishop of Arkansas; b. near Orrville, O., Nov. 6, 1855. He was educated at Seabury Hall, Faribault, Minn., and by private tutors, and graduated from Bexley Hall, the theological seminary of Kenyon College, Gambier, O., 1884. He was ordered deacon in 1883, and priest, 1884. He was in charge of Grace Mission, Gabon, O., 1883-91, and during this period established seven other missions in adjacent places. In 1891 he was chosen general missionary and archdeacon of the diocese of Ohio, and in this capacity founded many new parishes, besides building twenty-one mission chapels. He was likewise secretary of the Diocesan Missionary Committee and of the Diocesan Board of Trustees. In 1898 he was consecrated bishop-coadjutor of Arkansas, and on the death of Bishop Henry N. Pierce in 1899, became bishop of the diocese. He has written The Church for Americans (New York, 1896).
BROWNE, EDWARD HAROLD: Bishop of Winchester; b. at Aylesbury (35 m. n.w. of London), Buckinghamshire, Mar. 6, 1811; d. at Shales, near Bitterne (2 m. n.e. of Southampton), Hampshire, Dec. 18, 1891. He studied at Emmanuel College, Cambridge (B.A., 1832; M.A., 1836; B.D., 1855); became fellow and tutor of his college, 1837; curate of Stroud, Gloucestershire, 1840; perpetual curate of St. James's, Exeter, 1841; perpetual curate of St. SidwelPs, Exeter, 1842; viceprincipal and professor of Hebrew in St. David's College, Lampeter, Wales, 1843; vicar of Kenwyn-cum-Kea, Cornwall, and prebendary of Exeter, 1849; vicar of Heavitree and canon of Exeter, 1857; in 1854 he was appointed Norrisian professor of divinity at Cambridge; in 1864 was consecrated bishop of Ely; in 1873 translated to Winchester; resigned 1890. He took a deep interest in the " Old Catholic " movement and attended the congress at Cologne in 1872; was a member of the Old Testament company of revisers; was prominent on the conservative side in the beginning of the controversy concerning Bible criticism and issued The Pentateuch and the Elohistic Psalms, in Reply to Bishop Colenso (London, 1863). He also published: The Fulfilment of the Old Testament Prophecies Relating to the Messiah (1836); An Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles (2 vols., 1850-53; new ed., 1886)— the work by which he is best known; and Position and Parties of the English Church (1875). He also contributed to Aids to Faith and wrote the introduction to the Pentateuch and the commentary on Genesis for the " Speaker's Commentary."
Bibliography: G. W Kitchin, Edward Harold Browne. . . A Memoir, London, 1895; DNB, supplement vol., i. 304.
BROWNE, GEORGE: First Protestant archbishop of Dublin; d. 1556. He is first heard of in 1531, when, as provincial of the order of Austin Friars, he was employed to administer the oath of