THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
This position Glass occupied only two years. He was then summoned to Gotha by Duke Ernest I. as court preacher and general superintendent, and aided his sovereign in all his beneficial endeavors. Such a thorough Biblical theologian and a man of such practical piety could find no pleasure in the passionate scholastic disputes of those times, though he did enter the controversial field against the mystics who disparaged the authority of Scripture. To those who charged even such a man as Johann Arndt with heresy, he said: "He who loves not Arndt must be afflicted with the spiritual dyspepsia." In his estimation the spread of pure doctrine availed little where it was not united with the life. Faithfully adhering in his own belief to the statements of the symbolical books, he yet maintained a conciliatory attitude in the syncretistic controversies which raged for decades with such animosity. He seems to have had no intimate relations with Calixtus, though he had with some of his friends and admirers. The duke, anxious for harmony, had asked for an opinion for his own information. Glass replied with great moderation, avoiding everything which could hurt the orthodox, but doing justice to Calixtus. Even his friend, the fanatical Michael Walther, did not dare to reject this opinion, though he soon afterward opposed it in essential points. The strict orthodox, however, disliked it so much, that, as it was published only after the author's death and without his name, doubts were raised as to its genuineness.
Glass's greatest scientific work is his Philologia sacra (Jena, 1623-36), a kind of Biblicalphilological encyclopedia, which was extravagantly praised by his contemporaries as a key to all Biblical difficulties. It shows, indeed, very great diligence and the necessity of following the general standards of higher instruction and scientific method. It rests on an extensive knowledge of Scripture and of Hebrew and rabbinical literature, and contains a valuable collection of illustrations and many acute linguistic observations. For the first time is found here an attempt at consistent study of the grammatical peculiarities of New Testament diction, the Hebrew coloring of which is shown. But its critical positions are taken from the narrow standpoint of the time, the grammar is not satisfactory, and its rhetoric and logic are antiquated. See Exegesis oh Hermeneutics, III., § 7
Georg Loesche.
Bibliography: A full list of Glass's works is given in Hauck-Herzog, RE, vi. 671-672. Consuit: the preface to Crenius' edition of the Opuscula, 1700; J. C. Zeumer, Vitce professorium Jenensium, p. 141, Jena, 1711; ADB, ix. 218-219; KL, v. 612-613.
GLOAG, PATON JAMES: Scotch Presbyterian; b. at Perth May 17, 1823; d. at Edinburgh Jan. 9, 1906. He studied at Edinburgh (1840-43) and St. Andrews (1843-44), and held pastorates at Dunning, Perthshire (1848-60), Blantyre, Lanarkshire (1860- 187a), and Galashiels, Selkirkshire (1870-90). He was Baird lecturer in 1869 and moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1889, while after his retirement from the active ministry in 1890 he was temporary professor of Biblical criticism m the University of Aberdeen
1896-99. He wrote The Assurance of Salvation (Edinburgh, 1853); Justification by Faith (1856); The Primeval World, or, the Relation of Geology to Revelation (1859); The Resurrection (London, 1862)- Practical Christianity (Glasgow, 1866); Commentary on Acts (2 vols., Edinburgh, 1870); Introduction to the Pauline Epistles (1876); The Messianic Prophecies (Baird lectures for 1869; 1879); Life of Paul (1881); Commentary on James (1884); Exegetical Studies (1884); Introduction to the Catholic Epistles (1886); Commentary on the Epistles to the Thessalonians (London, 1887); Introduction to the Johannine Writings (1891); Subjects and Mode of Baptism (Paisley, 1891); The Life of St. John (London, 1893); Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels (Edinburgh, 1895); and Evening Thoughts (1900). He likewise translated a number of German commentaries on various books of the New Testament.
Bibliography: E. S. Gloag, Paton J. Gloag. A Memoir, Edinburgh, 1908.
GLOEL, JOHANNES: German exegete; b. at Corbelitz (near Magdeburg) Apr. 22, 1857; d. at Erlangen June 16, 1891. He was educated at the gymnasium in Magdeburg, studied at Halle and Berlin, was for a time private tutor, then assistant preacher at the cathedral in Berlin. After acting for a short time as court preacher to the Prince of Reuss in Ernstbrunn he became inspector of the Silesian school of beneficiary students at Halle, and in 1884 undertook a journey to Holland for the purpose of study. Subsequently he became a teacher at the University of Halle and in 1888 professor at Erlangen where he taught three years. He was a man of wide education, thorough knowledge of his special branches, unwearied diligence and scientific courage. His early death hindered the full development of his scientific labors. He published Hollands kirchliches Leben (Wittenberg, 1885); Der Heilige Geist in der Heilsverkiindigung des Paulus (Halle, 1888); and Die jilngste Kritik des Galaterbriefes auf ihre Berechtigung gepruft (Leipsic, 1890).
W. Caspari.
Bibliography: The address of W. Caspari at the burial was published, Erlangen, 1891.