THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
experience, and it was the test by which he judged the experience of others. Hence, though a Presbyterian and a Calvinist, his sympathies went far beyond the boundaries of sect. He refused to entertain the narrow views of church polity which some of his brethren advocated. He repudiated the unhistorical position of those who denied the validity of Roman Catholic baptism. He gave his sympathy to all good agencies. He was conservative by nature, and his life was spent in defending the Reformed theology as set forth in the Westminster symbols. He was fond of saying that Princeton had never originated a new idea; but this meant no more than that Princeton was the advocate of historical Calvinism in opposition to the modified and provincial Calvinism of a later day. And it is true that Dr. Hodge must be classed among the great defenders of the faith, rather than among the great constructive minds of the Church. He had no ambition to be epoch-making by marking the era of a new departure. But he earned a higher title to fame in that he was the champion of his Church's faith during a long and active life, her trusted leader in time of trial, and for more than half a century the most conspicuous teacher of her ministry. The garnered wisdom of his life is given in his Systematic Theology, the greatest system of dogmatics in our language.
Francis L. Patton.
Bibliography: His life was written by his son, A. A. Hodge, New York, 1880, and by F. L. Patton, Boston, 1888. Articles upon his life and work are by E. Bond, in Bibliotheca Sacra, xxx. 371 sqq.; T. Dwight, in New Englander, xl. 222 sqq.; J. W. Chadwick, in The Nation, xxxi. 381; cf. London Quarterly, ii. 56 sqq.
HODGE, RICHARD MORSE: Presbyterian; b. at Mauch Chunk, Pa., May 25, 1864. He was graduated from Princeton (B.A., 1886) and Princeton Theological Seminary (1889). He then spent an additional year in study at Princeton University, after which he held pastorates at Westminster Presbyterian Church, Milwaukee (1890-92), and Calvary Church, Riverton, N. J. (1893-95). From 1895 to 1898 he was dean of the Missionary Training School for Women, Fredericksburg, Va., and was then superintendent of the Bible Institute, Nashville, Tenn., for three years (1898-1901). Since 1901 he has been director of extension courses for lay students in Union Theological Seminary, and has also been lecturer in Biblical literature in Teachers' College, New York City, since 1902. He has prepared Historical Atlas of the Life of Jesus Christ (Wytheville, Pa., 1898) and Historical Maps for Bible Study (New York, 1906-07).
HODGSON, JAMES MUSCUTT: Scotch Congregationalist; b. at Cockermouth (23 m. s.w. of Carlisle), Cumberland, England, Aug. 18, 1841. He was educated at Glasgow University (M.A., 1862), Lancashire Independent College, Manchester (1862- 1865), and Edinburgh University (D.Sc, 1882). After being pastor of the Congregational Church at Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, from 1866 to 1875, he was appointed professor of apologetics and the science and philosophy of religion in Lancashire Independent College, where he remained until 1894, since when he has been principal and Baxter professor of
systematic theology in the Theological Hall of the Congregational Churches of Scotland, Edinburgh. In theology he is a liberal Evangelical. In addition to editing T. M. Herbert's Realistic Assumptions of Modern Science Examined (London, 1879), he has written Philosophy and Faith : A Plea for Agnostic Belief (Manchester, 1885); Philosophy and Revelation : A Plea for Scientific Theology (1888) ; Facts and Ideas in Theology (Edinburgh, 1894); and Theologia Pectoris: Outlines of Religious Faith and Doctrine Founded on Intuition and Experience (1897).
HODY, HUMPHREY: Anglican Biblical scholar; b. at Odcombe, Somersetshire, Jan. 1, 1659- d. while on a journey to Bath Jan. 20, 1707. He was educated at Wadham College, Oxford (B.A., 1679- M.A., 1682; B.D., 1689; D.D., 1692), where he obtained a fellowship in 1685. In 1690 he became chaplain to Stillingfleet, bishop of Worcester. For his support of the government in a controversy with Henry Dodwell regarding nonjuring bishops he was made domestic chaplain to Tillotson, archbishop of Canterbury, in 1694, and retained the position under Archbishop Tenison. In 1695 he was presented by Tenison to the rectory of Chartham, Kent, which he immediately exchanged for the rectories of St. Michael Royal and St. Martin Vintry, London. In 1698 he became regius professor of Greek at the University of Oxford, in 1701 rector of Monks' Risborough, Buckinghamshire, and in 1704 archdeacon of Oxford. To the controversy about convocation he contributed Some Thoughts on a Convocation, and the Notion of its Divine Right (London, 1699) and A History of English Councils and Convocations, and of the Clergy's Sitting in Parliament (3 parts, 1701). His reputation, however, rests upon his valuable work on the history of the text and translations of the Old Testament, De bibliorum textibus originalibus, versionibus Grwcis et Latina Vulgata, libri iv (1705). The first book contains his earlier dissertation, Contra historiam Aristea de LXX interpretibus (Oxford, 1684), in which he had shown that the alleged letter of Aristeas concerning the origin of the Septuagint was a forgery. By his will he founded ten scholarships at Wadham College for the study of Greek and Hebrew.
Bibliography: The principal source for a Life is the account in Latin, chiefly from an autobiography in English, prefixed by S. Jebb to Hody's posthumous De Grims illustribus, London, 1742. A biography is still lacking. Consult also E. Riehm, Einleitung in das A. T., pp. 480 sqq., Halle, 1890; H. B. Swete, Introduction to the 0. T. in Greek, p. 15, Cambridge, 1900; DNB, xxvii. 77-7S.