THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
(2) exempt bishoprics and archbishoprics, i.e., those that are immediately under the pope; and (3) metropolitan bishoprics, with their suffragan bishoprics. The exempt archbishoprics
and bishoprics are as follows: in Liguria,
3. Orgrani- the bishopric of Luni-Sarzana; in Venice, the
zation. archbishopric of Udine; in the former Papal
States, the archbishoprics of Camerino, Ferrara, Perugia, and Spoleto, and the bishoprics of Aquapendente, Alatri, Amelia, Anagni, Ancona, Ascoli, Assisi, Bagnorea, Citta di Castello, Citta della Pieve, Civita Castellana, Corneto, Fabriano, Fano, Ferentino, Foligno, Gubbio, Jesi, Montefiascone, Narni, Nocera, Norcia, Orvieto, Osimo, Poggio Mirteto, Recanati, Rieti, Segni, Sutri-Nepi, Terni, Terracina, Tivoli, Todi, Treja, Veroli, and Viterbo; in Tuscany, the archbishopric of Lucca, and the bishoprics of Arezzo, Cortona, Montalcino, and Montepulciano; in Emilia, the bishoprics of Borgo San Donnino, Parma, and Piacenza; in the province of Naples, the archbishoprics of Amalfi, Aquila, Cosenza Gaeta, and Rossano, and the bishoprics of Aquino, Aversa, Cava-Sarno, Foggia, Gravina, San Marco, Marsi, Melfi, Mileto, Molfetta, Monopoli, Nardd, Penne-Atri, Teramo, Trivento, Troja, and Sulmona; in Sicily, the archbishopric of Catania, and the bishopric of Acireale. The metropolitan seats with their suffragans are: Acerenza-Matera (suffragans: Anglona-Tursi, Potenza, Tricarico, Venosa); Bari-Canosa (Conversano, Ruvo-Bitonto); Benevent (Alife, Ariano, Ascoli-Cerignola, Avellino, Bojano, Bovino, Larino, Lucera, San Severo, Sant' Agata de' Goti, Telese, Termoli); Bologna (Faenza, Imola), Brindisi (Ostuni); Cagliari (Galtelli-Nuovo, Iglesias, Ogliastra); Capua (Cajazzo, Calvi-Teano, Caserta, Isernia-Venafro, Sessa); Chieti (Vasto); Conza-Campagna (Lacedonia, Muro, Sant' Angelo de' Lombardi); Fermo (Macerata-Tolentino, Montalto, Ripatransone, San Severino); Florence (San Sepolcro, Colle, Fiesole, Modigliana, Pistoja- Prato, San Miniato); Genoa (Albenga, Bobbio, Brugnato, Savona-Noli, Tortona, Ventimiglia); Lanciano (Ortona); Manfredonia (Viesti); Messina (Lipari, Nicosia, Patti); Milan (Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Crema, Cremona, Lodi, Mantua, Pavia); Modena (Carpi, Guastalla, Massa di Carrara, Reggio Emilia); Monreale (Caltanisetta, Girgenti); Naples (Acera, Ischia, Nola, Pozzuoli); Oristano (Ales-Terralba); Otranto (Gallipoli, Lecce, Ugento); Palermo (Cefalu, Maz- Bara, Trapani); Pisa (Livorno, Pescia, Pontremoli, Volterra); Ravenna (Bertinoro, Cervia, Cesena, Comacchio, Forli, Rimini, Sarsina); Reggio di Calabria (Bova, Cassano, Catanzaro, Cotrone, Gerace, Nicastro, Nicotera, Oppido, Squillace); Salerno-Acerno (Capaccio-Vallo, Diano, Marsico, Nocera dei Pagani, Nusco, Policastro); Santa Severina (Cariati); Sassari (Alghero, Ampurias, Bisarchio, Bosa); Siena (Chiusi, Grosseto, Massa Marittima, Savana-Pitigliano) ; Syracuse (Caltagirone, Noto, Piazza); Sorrent (Castellamare); Taranto (Castellaneta, Oria); Turin (Acqui, Alba, Aosta, Asti, Cuneo, Fossano, Ivrea, Mondovi, Pinerolo, Saluzzo, Susa); Trani (Andria, Bisceglie); Urbino (Cagli, Fossombrone, Montefeltro, Pesaro, Sinigaglia, Urbania-Sant' Angelo in Vado); Venice (Adria, Belluno, Ceneda, Chioggia, Concordia, Padua, Treviso, Verona, Vicenza); and Vercelli (Alessandria della Paglia, Biella, Casale, Novara, Vigevano). There are also eleven abbeys and prelatures without dioceses, viz.: Altamura, Monte Cassino, Monte Oliveto Maggiore, Monte Vergine, Nonantola, Santa Lucia del Mela, San Martino al Monte Cimino, San Paolo fuori le Mura di Roma, Sanctissima Trinita della Cave dei Tirreni, SS. Vicenzo ed Anastasio alle tre Fontane (near Rome), and Subiaco. There are Uniat Greek congregations in Naples, Messina, and Barletta.
The Old Catholics in Italy number about 1,000.
They have a bishop, and less than a dozen ministers.
. _, Their largest parishes are Arrone, in
Old tne Provmce of Perugia; Dovadola,
Catholics. m tne province of Florence; Sant'
Angelo de' Lombardi, in the province
of Avellino; and San Remo, in the Riviera di
Ponente. The sect was founded in Italy by Count
Enrico de Campello (q.v.).
II. Protestant Bodies: The Protestant cause in Italy is represented by the old and celebrated Church of the Waldenses (q.v.) ; by the Evangelical Italian Church; and by congregations of Baptists, Wesleyans, and (American) Methodists.
When religious liberty was established in the
kingdom of Sardinia by the decree of Feb. 17, 1848,
the Waldenses (q.v.) in Italy had eighteen ministers
and fifteen congregations, all in the
1. TheWal- piedmont region. The congregations
Church1 of pinerol° and Turin were established later. The number of Waldenses in Piedmont and the adjacent valleys is about 13,000. In 1898 the Waldensian College, established at Torre Pellice in 1835, was placed upon an equal footing with similar state institutions. It has about a dozen teachers and about 100 pupils. The Waldenses also maintain high schools, orphan asylums, and a hospital. Their theological school, founded at Torre Pellice in 1835, was removed to Florence in 1860. The Waldensians, by sixty years of missionary activity, have now established new congregations throughout Italy, some fifty in number, with as many more mission stations, comprehending about 6,000 communicants. The affairs of the entire Church are administered by a board of five members, elected by the synod, which meets yearly at Torre Pellice, in September. Since 1861 the mission field, with the new congregations, has been administered by an Evangelization Committee of eight members, also elected by the synod. The Church maintains elementary and Sunday schools, and employs some two dozen colporteurs for the distribution of Bibles and evangelical writings.
The Evangelical Italian Church was founded at Milan, in 1870, by twenty-three separate congregations that had been formed here and 3. The there independently of the Waldensian ^Italian evangelization. To show clearly its Church, separation from the papacy and the Roman hierarchy this church called itself the " Free Italian Church." [Its most eminent leader was the eloquent Gavazzi.] A general convention in 1870 adopted eight fundamental articles of faith, and the next assembly at Florence in 1871 adopted a constitution of twenty-one articles. By royal decree of July 2, 1891, this church was recognized by the Italian government as a juristic person, under the name "Evangelical Italian Church" (Chiesa Evangelica Italiana), the name by which it has since then been known. The affairs of the church are in the hands of an Evangelization Committee, composed of five members elected by the general convention, which meets annually at Florence. The entire church is divided into ten districts, viz., Piedmont, Liguria, Lombardy, Venice, Emilia, Tuscany, Rome, Naples, Apulia, and Sicily. These embrace, all together, some forty congregations, forty-five stations, and about 2,000 communicants. The church maintains elementary and Sunday schools, and a theological school at Florence. The church also employs a number of colporteurs for the sale of Bibles and evangelical works. In connection with the Evangelical Italian Church may be mentioned the Free Christian Church, which resembles the Plymouth Brethren. [The Evangelical Italian Church and the Free Christian Church are now for the most part allied with the Waldensians and the Methodists.]
The English Wesleyans, who have been represented in Italy since 1861, have in their northern district twenty-five churches and stations, and in