RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Pacianus Paine
PAGE, HARLAN: American philanthropist; b. at Coventry, Conn., July 28, 1791; d. in New York Sept. 23, 1834. From 1825 to his death he was New York agent of the general depository of the American Tract Society. He was a most devoted Christian, and employed every agency to do good.
Bibliography: Hig Memoir was by W. A. Hallock, New York, 1835.
PAGET, FRANCIS: Church of England bishop of Oxford; b. at London, Mar. 20, 1851. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford (B.A., 1873), where he was senior student (1873-83) and tutor (1876-83). He was vicar of Bromsgrove (1883-85) ; regius professor of pastoral theology at Oxford and canon of Christ Church (1885-92); dean of Christ Church (1892-1901); and was consecrated bishop of Oxford (1901). He was also Oxford preacher at Whitehall in 1881-83, examining chaplain to the bishop of Ely in 1878-91, and chaplain to the bishop of Oxford in 1899-1901. He has written Concerning Spiritual Gifts (London, 1881); The Redemption of Work (1882); Faculties and Difficulties for Belief and Disbelief (1887) ; The Hallowing of Work (1888); the essay on the sacraments in Lux Mundi (1889); The Spirit of Discipline (1891); Studies in the Christian Character (1895); Introduction to the Fifth Book of Hooker's Treatise of Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity (1899); The Redemption of War (1900); Christ the Way (1902); and The Recommendations of the Royal Commission on Ecclesiastical Discipline (1906).
PAGI, ANTOINE: Roman Catholic Church historian; b. at Roques in Provence (southeastern France) in 1624; d. at Aix (17 m. n. of Marseilles) in 1699. He entered the order of the Cordeliers, 1641; was four times elected provincial; distinguished himself as a preacher; and published Critica historico-chronologica in Annales Baronii (4 vols., Paris, 1689-1705). In the execution of that work he was helped by his nephew, Francois Pagi (1654- 1721), who was also a Cordelier, and who wrote Pontificum Romanorum gesta (4 vols., Antwerp, 1717-53) in a strongly marked ultramontane spirit.
PAINE, LEVI LEONARD: Congregationalist; b. at Holbrook (formerly East Randolph), Mass., Oct. 10, 1832; d. at Bangor, Me., May 10, 1902. He received his education at Yale College (B.A., 1856), and at the divinity school of that institution (graduated 1861); was tutor in the college, 1859- 1861; pastor at Farmington, Conn., 1861-70; and professor of ecclesiastical history at Bangor Theological Seminary from 1871 till his death. He was an example of a devoted teacher whose concentration of energies upon the work of teaching was so complete that he found little time for literary work. Accordingly it was not till near the close of his life that he published more than occasional addresses and sermons. He then issued Critical History of the Evolution of Trinitarianism (Boston, 1900); and The Ethnic Trinities and their Relation to the Christian Trinity (1901).
PAINE, THOMAS: Political and deistic writer; b. at Thetford (28 m. w.s.w. of Norwich), England,
Jan. 29, 1736-37; d. in New York City June 8, 1809. His parents were Quakers. He left school at thirteen and till eighteen worked at his father's trade of stay-making, when he went to sea in a privateer. In Apr., 1759, he settled at Sandwich as a master stay-maker, and in September of that year married. Not prospering he removed to Margate the next year and there soon after his wife died. In 1761 he entered the excise branch of the government service and remained there till 1774, with the exception of a couple of years when, probably owing to his lax conduct, he was out of the service. He was restored but again dismissed, and finally, on the charge of smuggling. In 1771 he married Elizabeth Ollive, daughter of his landlord. In 1772 he wrote a small pamphlet, The Case of the Officers of Excise; with Remarks on the Qualifications of Officers, and on the numerous Evils arising to the Revenue, from the Insufficiency of the present Salary: humbly addressed to the Members of both Houses of Parliament. It was the first public exhibition of his power as a writer, but it gave offense to the upper officials and probably was the occasion of his dismissal on a trumped-up charge. Shortly after this he and his wife were formally separated.
By advice of Benjamin Franklin, whom he met in London, he came to America and at once found employment for his pen. He was a contributor to the first issue of the Pennsylvania Magazine, published in Philadelphia in Jan., 1775, and soon after its editor and so continued for eighteen months. From Aug., 1776, to Jan., 1777, he was a soldier in Washington's army, and it was while at the front that he wrote the first number of The Crisis which so powerfully heartened the country for the struggle. Thus introduced to the notice of the patriots he had employment as opportunity offered and was considered as a person worthy of substantial rewards. In 1777 he became secretary to the Congressional Committee of Foreign Affairs, but was obliged to resign on Jan. 7, 1779, because in the heat of a newspaper controversy with Silas Deane he divulged state secrets. In Nov., 1779, he was clerk to the general assembly of Pennsylvania. In 1781, in association with Col. John Laurens he negotiated in France a loan of 6,000,000 livres. He returned on Aug. 25. In Feb., 1782, he was engaged by the secretary of foreign affairs at what was then called the handsome salary of $800 per annum. In 1784 the state of New York gave him a house and 277 acres of land at New Rochelle, in 1785 Pennsylvania 500 pounds sterling, and in Oct., 1785, Congress gave him $3,000. The several amounts were sufficient to make him financially independent. From 1787 to 1802 he was in Europe, most of the time in France. His Rights of Man, published in London in 1791, attracted the attention of the French liberal party, and he was made a citizen of France and elected to the National Assembly. He had the courage to vote against the execution of Louis XVI., and thus incurred the anger of Robespierre, who threw him into the prison of the Luxembourg on Dec. 28, 1793, and there he remained until Nov. 4, 1794, when, on the solicitation of James Monroe, minister to France, he was released. He tells himself of his marvelous escape
Paine Painting