RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Reid Reinkens
holding both these positions until his death, three years later. G. Bossert.
Bibliography: The funeral sermon by Lukas Osiander,
Tubingen, 1628; J. M. Rauscher, Laudatio funebris, ib.
1629; Oehler, in Ber wahre Protestant, iii. 1 (1854), which
ia of high value; ABB, xxvii. 698-700.
REIMARUS, HERMANN SAMUEL. See Wol-
FENBUETTEL FRAGMENTS.
REIMS NEW TESTAMENT. See Bible Versions, B, IV., § 5.
REINECCIUS, roi-nec'i-us (RENECCIUS), JA- KOB: German Lutheran; b. at Salzwedel (54 m. n.n.w. of Magdeburg) 1572 (1571); d. at Hamburg June 28, 1613. He was educated at Wittenberg, and after being pastor at Tangermiinde, was called, in 1601, to St. Peter's, Berlin, as pastor and provost. In 1609 he was installed as pastor of St. Catherine's, Hamburg, and after 1612 was also inspector of a new gymnasium erected at Hamburg. His chief writings, besides collections of sermons, were as follows: Panoplia sive armatura theologica (Wittenberg, 1609); Claris sacrce theologice (2 vols., Hamburg, 1611); Fragstiicke vom heiligen Abendmall (1611); Veteris ac Novi Testamenti convenientia et differentia (1612); Calvinianorum ortus, cursus et exitus (1612); Theologice libri duo (1613); Verm ecclesice inventio et dispositio (1613); Justum Christi tribunal (1613); and the posthumous Epistola contra fmdera (Rostock, 1625).
(Karl Rudolf KLOSEt.)
Bibliography: H. Schroder, Lexikon der Hamburger Schriftsleller, vi. 212 sqq., Hamburg, 1883.
REINHARD, rain'hart, FRANZ VOLKMAR:
German Lutheran; b. at Vohenstrauss (42 m. n.e. of Regensburg) Mar 12, 1753; d. at Dresden Sept. 6, 1812. He was educated at the University of Wittenberg, where he became privat-docent for philosophy and philology in 1777, being appointed associate professor of philosophy in 1780 and full professor of theology in 1782, still retaining his philosophical courses. In 1784 he was also made provost of the castle and university church, as well as assessor in the Wittenberg consistory. He declined a call to the University of Helmstedt in 1790, but two years later accepted an invitation to become chief court chaplain, ecclesiastical councilor, and member of the supreme consistory at Dresden. Despite the existence of serious doubts during his career as a university professor, he became one of the leaders of the supernaturalistic school, which sought not only to oppose the rationalism of the period and to defend the divine supremacy and authority of the Bible, but also to prove the truth of divine revelation by psychologically intelligible demonstration and to bring it into harmony with the demands of reason. Both in his dogmatic lectures and in his sermons he sought to establish the truth of Lutheranism by rationalistic arguments, but as a pulpit orator he won wide fame throughout Germany, and at the same time exercised a powerful influence on Saxony, since, as ecclesiastical councilor and member of the consistory, he also supervised the appointment of teachers in the universities and seminaries. With advancing years, especially in the second half of his Dresden activ- IX.— 29
ity, he advanced to a deeper sense of Christianity and to a more profound conviction of justification solely by the grace of Christ as the center of Christian doctrine; and after 1805 his themes dealt no longer with mere imperfections and moral weaknesses, but with sins and vices, with Christ as the sole mediator between God and man. Reinhard was the main factor in introducing an improved system of pericopes in the Saxon church with a consequent raising of the standard of preaching. A most prolific author, his sermons were collected in thirty-nine volumes (Sulzbach, 1793-1837), and mention should also be made of his System der christlichen Moral (5 vols., Wittenberg, 1788-1815); Versuch uber den Plan, welchen der Stifter der christlichen Religion . entwarf (1798; Eng. transl., Plan of the Founder of Christianity, by O. A. Taylor, from the fifth German edition, New York, 1831); Vorlesungen uber die Dogmatik (ed. J. G. J. Berg, Sulzbach, 1806) ; and Gestandnisse meine Predigten und meine Bildung zum Prediger betreffend (1810; Eng. transl., under the title Memoirs and Confessions, by O. A. Taylor, Boston, 1832).
(David ERDMANNf.)
Bibliography : Sketches of the life were written by K . H. L. Politz, Leipsic, 1813; F. A. Kothe, J>na, 1812; K. A. Bottiger, Dresden, 1813; M. F. Scheibler, Leipsic, 1823; and in ABB, xxviii. 32-33. Consult also F. Dibelius, Beitrage zur sachsischen Kirchengeschichte, vii. 90-91, Leipsic, 1892.
REINKENS, JOSEPH HUBERT: First bishop of the Old Catholics; b. at Burtscheidt (now part of Aachen) Mar. 1, 1821; d. at Bonn Jan. 5, 1896. He was educated at the University of Bonn (1844— 1847) and the theological seminary at Cologne (1847-48), and, after ordination to the Roman Catholic priesthood in 1848, resumed his studies at Bonn (Th.D., Munich, 1849). In 1850 he went to Breslau as privat-docent for church history, and published his De Clemente presbyter o Alexandrino (Breslau, 1851). He was appointed associate professor in 1853, this period being marked by his Clemens von Rom und andere Legenden (Breslau, 1855) and Das Sommerkind, oder der Grund der V olkerwanderung (Paderborn, 1858). In 1857 Reinkens was promoted to a full professorship, but he now began to give evidence of views differing from the official position of his communion in his attack on Thomism, entitled Vademecum oder die romisch-katholische Lehre von der Anthropologie, published under the pseudonym of Christian Franke (Giessen, 1860). He was likewise charged with maligning the Silesian clergy in his Die Universitdt Breslau vor der Vereinigung mit der Frankfurter (Breslau, 1861), though he succeeded in proving the accusation false. On the other hand he also wrote during this professorial period his Hilarius von Poitiers (Schaffhausen, 1864); Die Einsiedler des heiligen Hieronymus (1864); and Martin von Tours (Breslau, 1866). Meanwhile his health was failing, and in 1867 it became necessary for him to obtain leave of absence for a year. He was for a time in Munich, Venice, and Florence, but his longest residence was at Rome, only to be confirmed in his distrust of the aims, methods, and conditions of the Curia. He returned to Germany and plunged
Keinkens Relic