RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Theological Seminaries
and inculcated the doctrines of the recognized standards of the Presbyterian Church, believing them to be contained in the Scriptures. It has always practised and encouraged a reverent and scientific study of the Bible, and has been ready to subject it to the keenest scrutiny in the spheres of the lower and the higher criticism.
As the oldest of the Presbyterian seminaries in the United States, it has largely influenced the character of the others. Of its students, 108 have become teachers in the Presbyterian schools of theology in the United States, and fifty-five have been moderators of the General Assembly. The Biblical Repertory and Princeton Review, founded by Charles Hodge in 1825, wielded a powerful influence upon the theological thought of its time. Its successors have continued, except during the years 1877-80, until the present Princeton Theological Review. Some seventeen other religious weeklies and quarterlies have been controlled or edited by alumni of the seminary. The publications of its professors have been noteworthy and most influential, particularly the Systematic Theology of Dr. Charles Hodge, and his other works, and those of Archibald Alexander, Samuel Miller, J. Addison Alexander, William Henry Green, and Archibald Alexander Hodge (q.v.).
The faculty in 1910 consisted of ten professors, two assistant professors, and five instructors. There are a librarian and an assistant librarian. There are two endowed lectureships, six fellowships, and five prizes. Besides a broad curriculum there are extra courses leading to the degree of B.D. The governing boards are a board of directors and a board of trustees, the one electing the professors and assigning their duties, and controlling the educational interests of the seminary, subject to the revision of the General Assembly, the other having the care of its material interests and the appointment of the librarian. Until 1902 the senior professor was the recognized head of the faculty; but in that year provision was made for a president of the seminary, and Dr. F. L. Patton was elected to this office, and still retains it. The president is ex officio a member of both the governing boards.
There were 151 students in the seminary in the year 1909-10, coming from thirty-three states and territories, from Canada, Brazil, Ceylon, China, Ireland, and Japan. As to denomination, there were 111 Presbyterian, 9 Reformed, 4 United Presbyterian, 3 Reformed Presbyterian, 3 Methodist, 3 Congregationalist, 3 Lutheran, 3 United Evangelical, 3 Church of Christ in Japan, and 9 scattering. The library contains 87,700 bound volumes and 32,500 pamphlets, distributed in two buildings. The real estate of the seminary is valued at $628,000, and the total value of all its other holdings is $3,225,000. There are on the campus three dormitories, two library buildings, a recitation building, a chapel, a gymnasium, a power house, and nine professors' houses. The present faculty is as follows: Francis Landey Patton, D.D., LL.D., president and professor of the philosophy of religion; Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield (q.v.), D.D., LL.D., Charles Hodge professor of didactic and polemic theology; John D. Davis (q.v.), D.D., LL.D., Helena professor of orien-
tal and Old-Testament literature; John DeWitt (q.v.), D.D., LL.D., Archibald Alexander professor of church history; William Brenton Greene, Jr. (q.v.), D.D., Stuart professor of apologetics and Chris* tian ethics; Geerhardus Vos (q.v.), Ph.D., D.D., Haley professor of Biblical theology; Robert Dick Wilson, Ph.D., D.D., William Henry Green, professor of Semitic philology and Old-Testament criticism; William Park Armstrong, A.M., professor of New-Testament literature and exegesis; Charles Rosenbury Erdman, professor of practical theology; Frederick William Loetscher, Ph.D., professor of homiletics; James Oscar Boyd, Ph.D., assistant professor of oriental and Old-Testament literature; Caspar Wistar Hodge, Ph.D., assistant professor of didactic and polemic theology; Henry Wilson Smith, A.M., instructor in elocution; Kerr Duncan Macmillan, instructor in church history; John Gresham Machen, instructor in the New Testament; Oswald Thompson Allis, A.M., instructor in Semitic philology; Joseph Heatly Dulles (q.v.), A.M., librarian; Paul Martin, registrar and secretary of the faculty; William Boyd Sheddan, assistant librarian.
Joseph Heatly Dulles.
Bibliography : Charter and plan of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church, Princeton, N. J., etc. (with all changes up to date); Minutes of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, 1808 sqq.; A Brief Account of the Rise, Progress, and Present State of Princeton Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, 1822; J. H. Dulles, " Princeton Theological Seminary," ch. 25 of United States Bureau of Education Contributions to American Educational History, no. 23, Washington, 1899; J. F. Hageman, History of Princeton and its institutions, 2 vols., Philadelphia, 1879; The Princeton Book, Boston, 1879; A. Nevin, Encyclopaedia of the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A., Philadelphia, 1884; Addresses before the Alumni Association of Princeton Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, 1876; C. Hodge, Princeton Theological Seminary: a discourse, etc., Princeton, 1874; J. H. Dulles, Biographical Catalogue of Princeton Theological Seminary, Trenton, 1909; Necrological Reports and Annual Proceedings of the Alumni Association of Princeton Theological Seminary, 1875-1909, 3 vols., Princeton, 1891-1909; C. A. Salmond, Princetoniana. Charles and A. A. Hodge, etc.. New York, n. d.; The Life of Ashbel Green, New York, 1849; J. W. Alexander, The Life of Archibald Alexander, New York, 1854; Samuel Miller, The Life of Samuel Miller, 2 vols., Philadelphia, 1869; H. C. Alexander, The Life of Joseph Addison Alexander, 2 vols., New York, 1870; Proceedings Connected with the Semi-C entennial Commemoration of the Professorship of Rev. Charles Hodge, April 24, 1872, New York, 1872; A. A. Hodge, The Life of Charles Hodge, New York, 1880; Celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Appointment of William Henry Green as an Instructor in Princeton Theological Seminary, May 6, 1896, New York, 1896; F. L. Patton, Caspar Wistar Hodge. A Memorial Address, New York, 1892; idem, A Discourse in Memory of Archibald Alexander Hodge, Philadelphia, 1887; William Miller Paxton. In Memoriam, 1824- 1904: Funeral and Memorial Discourses, New York, 1905; Catalogue of the Theological Seminary at Princeton, 1909-10, Princeton, 1910.
9. San Francisco: This seminary is located in San Anselmo, Cal., and was founded in 1871, being placed under the care of what was then known as the Synod of the Pacific of the Presbyterian Church. It sprang from a conviction that the peculiar needs of the Pacific Coast demanded a ministry trained upon the field, and its founders were the Rev. William A. Scott and Rev. William Alexander (q.v.), who, with the Rev. George Burrowes and Rev. Daniel W Poor, were its earliest instructors. It was located for years in the city of San Francisco, where the old City College and St. John's Presbyterian Church
Theological Seminaries