THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
theological chair. A further sum of $30,000 was received some five or six years later by a bequest of Mr. James Roosevelt. During the years from 1853 to 1871 the funds of the institution were further increased by 8650,000, of which the greater part was obtained by general subscription. Three years later the institution was further strengthened by a generous gift of S300,000 from Mr. James Brown, as a result of which the original corps of professors was increased from three to seven, and the funds of the professorships from $25,000 to $80,000 each. These funds were subsequently increased by gifts from Mr. D. Willis James, Mr. William E. Dodge, Jr., Mr. Morris K. Jesup, and Mr. John Crosby Brown. At the present time the seminary has ten professorships fully endowed, most of which bear the names of their several founders or of funds designated by them. In the order of their foundation they are the following: The Davenport Professorship of Hebrew and the Cognate Languages, the Roosevelt Professorship of Systematic Theology, the Washburn Professorship of Church History, the Baldwin Professorship of Sacred Literature, the Brown Professorship of Homiletics, the Skinner and McAlpin Professorship of Practical Theology, the Edward Robinson Professorship of Biblical Theology, the Jesup Graduate Professorship of Practical Theology, the Marcellus Hartley Professorship of Philosophy and the History of Religion and Missions, and the Professorship of Christian Ethics. In addition to these there is an endowment for the Department of Applied Christianity, at present used for the director of Christian work and headworker of the Union Settlement. Other professorships and associate and assistant professorships are not yet endowed. The endowment of the seminary includes provision also for certain instructorships and lectureships, the most important of which are the Harkness Instructorship in Vocal Culture and Elocution and in Sacred Music, the Ely Lectureship on the Evidences of Christianity, the Morse Lectureship on the Relations of the Bible to the Sciences, and the Parker Lectureship on the Laws of Health.
On the rolls of the seminary may be found the names of many men prominent in philanthropic and religious life. Its founders were actively interested in, and many of them officers of, the leading missionary societies of the country. Among its directors were such clergymen as Absalom Peters, Erskine Mason, Albert Barnes (q.v.), Samuel Hanson Cox (q.v.), Edwin F. Hatfield (q.v.), and Jonathan French Stearns; and such laymen as Knowles Taylor, Richard T. Haines, William M. Halsted, Charles Butler, the Hon. William E. Dodge, Norman White, D. Hunter McAlpin, D. Willis James, John Crosby Brown, William E. Dodge, Jr., and Morris K. Jesup. The first president of the board was the Rev. Thomas McAuley, D.D., who was succeeded in 1840 by Richard T. Haines, who served until 1871. Charles Butler was president from 1871 to 1898, and John Crosby Brown from 1898 until 1909. The present president is Robert C. Ogden. No less notable is the roll of the faculty. The first professor of sacred literature was Edward Robinson (q.v.), the Nestor of American Biblical scholarship, and in other departments the seminary
has commanded the services of such men as Henry B. Smith (q.v.), and W. G. T. Shedd (q.v.) in theology, Philip Schaff (q.v.) and Roswell D. Hitchcock (q.v.) in church history, Thomas H. Skinner (q.v.), William Adams (q.v.), George L. Prentiss (q.v.), and Charles Cuthbert Hall (q.v.), in practical theology. Thomas McAuley, the first president of the board, acted also as president of the faculty. He was succeeded in 1840 by the Rev. Joel Parker, D.D. In 1842 the presidency of the faculty lapsed, but was revived in 1873, when William Adams, pastor of the Madison Square Church, and chairman of the New School Committee of Reunion, became president. He was succeeded in 1880 by Roswell D. Hitchcock, who was followed in 1887 by Thomas S. Hastings (q.v.). On his resignation in 1897, Dr. Charles Cuthbert Hall was chosen president and served until his death in 1908, when he was succeeded by Dr. Francis Brown (q.v.).
From the first the faculty have recognized their responsibility to the cause of productive scholarship. In the long list of their publications mention may be made of Robinson's monographs on the geography of Palestine, and his translation of Gesenius' Dictionary; Schaff 's edition of the Creeds of Christendom, and his Church History; the International Theological Library and Critical Commentary, edited by Dr. Briggs, in cooperation with Dr. Salmond, and with Canon Driver and Dr. Plummer respectively; and the Hebrew Lexicon of Drs. Francis Brown and Briggs, in cooperation with Canon Driver; also of McGiffert's Apostolic Age, W Adams Brown's Christian Theology in Outline, and Thomas C. Hall's History of Ethics within Organized Christianity. The spirit of the teachers has descended upon the scholars, and among the 3,501 alumni of the seminary no less than 74 have been college presidents, 222 teachers in colleges, and 99 in seminaries. In the curriculum of the seminary the original languages have always held a prominent place, and were formerly required of all graduates. A distinction is now customarily made between the diploma and the degree of the seminary, an acquaintance with the original languages being required only of candidates for the latter. In recent years the range of subjects included in the curriculum has greatly increased, and the freedom of election has been widely extended. At the present time no less than 141 courses are offered by the faculty, the division by departments being as follows: Old Testament, 22; New Testament, 21; church history, 17; philosophy of religion, 10; apologetics, 4; systematic theology, 6; Christian ethics, 11; practical theology, 25; religious education, 6; theological encyclopedia and symbolics, 11; vocal culture, 3; sacred music, 5. In thirty years the curriculum has been increased threefold. In addition to its own courses, through an arrangement entered into with Columbia and New York Universities, the seminary is able to offer to its students the advantage of university courses in philosophy, sociology, and other subjects of value for the student of religion. A graduate department of the seminary which now embraces some forty students has for some years been in operation. The scholarships of the seminary are administered on a merit basis.