THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
philosophers. The fourth book proves the high antiquity of the arts and empire of Egypt, and that such high antiquity illustrates and confirms the truth of the Mosaic history, The fifth book explains the nature of the Jewish theocracy. In the sixth book Warburton shows from the Old and New Testaments that a future state of rewards and punishments did make part of the Mosaic dispensation. The ninth book treats of the true nature and genius of the Christian religion. The general argument is that because the sacred books of Judaism said nothing respecting a future state of rewards and punishments, it must be divine, since it did really accomplish the punishment of wrong-doers without such a doctrine, and no other legislation has been able to do so without it. This it could do because the foundation and support of the Mosaic legislation was the theocracy which was peculiar to the Jews, and dealt out in this life righteous rewards and punishments upon individual and nation. An extraordinary providence conducted the affairs of this people, and consequently the sending of Moses was divinely ordered. The work is confessedly limited to one line of argument, is defective in exegesis, and does not do justice to the intimations of immortality among the later Jews; yet it is distinguished by freshness and vigor, masterly argumentation, and bold imagination. The excursuses are particularly admirable.
Warburton was a man of untiring energy, wide information, clear insight, and lively imagination. He had a noble, open, guileless heart; yet as a critic he was sharp, and often satirical. His writings, besides those already noted, embrace a commentary upon Pope’s Essay on Man (1742; by this he won Pope’s firm friendship); Julian (1750; on the numerous alleged providential interferences which defeated Julian’s attempt to rebuild the temple); The Doctrine of Grace; or the Office and Operations of the Holy Spirit vindicated from the Insults of Infidelity and the Abuses of Fanaticism (2 vols., 1762; a work directed against the Methodists, which did not advance his reputation). His Works were edited with a biographical preface by Bishop Hurd (7 vols., 1788; new ed., 12 vols., 1811; the expense was borne by Warburton’s widow). Supplementary to this edition are the Tracts by Warburton and a Warburtonian (1789); Letters (Kidderminster, 1808; 2d ed., London, 1809); Selections from the Unpublished Papers of Warburton (1841).
BrsutiograpHy: The Life by Hurd was issued separately, ed. F. Kilvert, London, 1860. There is a life by J. S. Watson, ib. 1863. Consult further: J. Nichols, Literary Anecdotes of the 18th Century, v. 529-658, 9 vols., London, 1812-15; idem, Illustrations of the Literary Hist. of the 18th Century, ii. 1-654, 8 vols., ib. 1817-58; John Hunt, Hist. of Religtous Thought in England, iii. 146-151, et passim, ib. 1873; L. Stephen, Hist. of English Thought in the 18th Century, passim, New York, 1881; M. Pattison, Hssays and Papers, ii. 119-176, London, 1889; DNB, lix. 301-311. WARBURTONIAN LECTURE: A lecture course
founded by a testamentary bequest of £500 by
Bishop William Warburton (q.v.) to prove “‘the truth
of revealed religion in general, and of the Christian
in particular, from the completion of the prophecies in the Old and New Testaments, which relate to the
Christian Church, and especially to the apostasy of
papal Rome.” The lecture is to be preached an-
nually, in the chapel of Lincoln’s Inn, London, on the first Sunday after Michaelmas Term and the Sunday before and the Sunday after Hilary Term, and no lecturer may continue more than four years. A list of the lectures, so far as they have been published, is as follows»
1768-72. Richard Hurd, Introduction to the Study of the Prophecies concerning the Christian Church, and in Particular concerning the Church of Papal Rome, London, 1772.
1772-76. Samuel Halifax, On the Prophecies concerning the Christian Church and Papal Rome, London, 1776.
1776-80. Lewis Bagot, Twelve Discourses on the Prophe-
cies concerning the first Establishment and subsequent History of Christianity, Oxford, 1780.
1782-86. East Apthorp, Discourses on Prophecies, 2 vols., London, 1786. 1801-05. Robert Nares, A Connected and Chronological
View of the Prophecies relating to the Christian Church, London, 1805.
1807-11. Edward Pearson, On the Subject of the Prophecies relating to the Christian Church, London, 1911.
1811-15. Philip Allwood, On the Prophecies relating to the Christian Church, and especially to the Apostasy of Papal Rome, 2 vols., London, 1815.
1821-25. John Davison, Discourses on Prophecy: in which are considered its Structure, Use, and Inspiration, London, 1825.
1833-36. Frederick Nolan, The Chronological Prophecies as constituting a connected System; in which the principal Events of the Divine Dispensation are determined by the precise Revelation of their Dates, demonstrated, London, 1837.
1837-40. Alexander M’Caul, On the Prophecies, proving the Divine Origin of Christianity, London, 1846, and The Messiahship of Jesus, 1852.
1842-46. Frederick Denison Maurice, The Epistle to the Hebrews, three Lectures, with a Preface, containing a Review of Mr. Newman’s Theory of Development, London, 1846.
1846-49. Benjamin Harrison, Prophetic Outlines of the Christian Church and the Antichristian Power, as traced in the Visions of Daniel and St. John, London, 1849.
1849-53. Edward Bishop Elliott, The Christian Church’s Institution and Declension into Apostasy, London, 1856.
1854-58. William Goode, Fulfilled Prophecy a Proof of the Truth of Revealed Religion, with an Appendix of Notes, including a full Investigation of Daniel’s Prophecy of the Seventy Weeks, London, 1863.
1866-70. Benjamin Morgan Cowie, The Voice of God, London, 1872.
1870-74. Edwin Hamilton Gifford, Voices of ithe Prophets, Edinburgh, 1874.
1876-80. Stanley Leathes, Old Testament Prophecy, its Witness as a Record of Divine Foreknowledge, London, 1880.
1880-84. Alfred Edersheim, Prophecy and History in Relation to the Messiah, London, 1885.
1886-90. Alexander Francis Kirkpatrick, Doctrine of the Prophets, London, 1892.
1890-94. Francis Henry Woods, The Hope of Israel, Edinburgh, 1896.
1894-98. Henry Wace, Prophecy, Jewish and Christian, London, 1911.
1903-07. Edgar Charles Sumner Gibson, The Old Testament in the New, London, 1907.
1907-11. Michael George Glazebrook, The End of the Law, London, 1911.
A number of Warburtonian lecturers have never published the lectures which they delivered. Though not formally issued as a Warburtonian Lecture, the Propedia prophetica, a View of the Use and Design of the Old Testament, by William Rowe Lyall, London, 1840, formed, in its general argument, the substance of the course delivered by him.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: J. Darling, Cyclopedia Bibliographica, cols. 3102-3103, London, 1854; W. 'T. Lowndes, Bibliographer’s Manual of English Literature, ed. H. G. Bohn, p. 2834, London, n. d.; private information from Mr. Ernest C. Brown, of the British Museum, and Rev. John Harrington, Chaplain of Lincoln’s Inn.
WARD, MARY. See Eneuisu Lanizs.
Warburton