THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
ee ee
professor of New-Testament exegesis at the Univer-
sity of Berlin, being also member of the Berlin con-
sistory (1879-80) ; supreme consistorial councilor and
councilor to the department of public worship (1880—
1899); president of the Central Committee for the
Inner Mission of the German Evangelical Church
(1887-96); vice-president since 1896. Besides ed-
iting the New Testament in Greek (11 parts, Leipsic,
1902; small edition, 3 vols., 1902-05) and German
(2 vols., 1904), as well as preparing the sixth to the
ninth editions of H. A. W. Meyer’s commentary on
Mark and Luke (Gottingen, 1878-1901), the sixth
to the ninth editions of John (1880-1902), the sixth
to the ninth editions of Romans (1881-99), the
seventh to the ninth editions of Matthew (1883-
1897), the fifth to the seventh editions of the pas-
toral epistles (1885-1902), the fifth and sixth edi-
tions of Hebrews (1888-97), and the fifth and sixth editions of the Johannine epistles (1888-1900), he
has written Der petrinische Lehrbegriff (Berlin, 1855);
Der Philipperbrief (1859); Der johanneische Lehrbe-
griff (1862); Lehrbuch der biblischen Theologie des
Neuen Testaments (1868; Eng. transl., Biblical The-
ology of the New Testament, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1882-
1883); Das Markus-Evangelium und seine synopti-
schen Parallelen (1872); Das Matthéus-Evangelium
und seine Lukas-Parallelen (Halle, 1876); Das Leben
Jesu (2 vols., Berlin, 1882; Eng. transl., 3 vols.,
Edinburgh, 1883-84); Lehrbuch der Hinleitung in
das Neue Testament (1886; Eng. transl., Introduc-
tion to the New Testament, 2 vols., London, 1889);
Die Johannesapokalypse (Leipsic, 1891); Die katho-
lischen Briefe (1892); Die Apostelgeschichte (1893);
Das Neue Testament, textkritische Untersuchung und
Textherstellung (3 vols., 1894-1900); Die paulini-
schen Briefe im berichtigten Text (1896); Der Codex
D in der Apostelgeschichte (1897); Die vier Evange-
lien im berichtigten Text (1900); Die Religion des
Neuen Testaments (Stuttgart, 1903; Eng. transl.,
New York, 1905); Die Geschichilichkeit des Mar-
kus-Evangeliums (Gross-Lichterfeld, 1905); Die Quel-
len des Lwukas-Evangeliums (Stuttgart, 1907);
Die Quellen der synoptischen Ueberlieferung (Leip-
sic, 1908); Morgenandachten ber evangelische
Texte (1909); Abendandachten tiber apostolische Texte
(1910); Der Hebréerbrief in zeitgeschichtlicher Be-
leuchtung (Leipsic, 1910).
BisuiograpHy: C. A. Briggs, Study of Holy Scripture, passim, New York, 1899; H. 8S. Nash, Hist. of the Higher Criticism of the N. T., ib. 1900.
WEISS, JOHANNES: German Protestant; b. at Kiel Dec. 18, 1863. He was educated at the universities of Marburg, Berlin, Géttingen, and Breslau (1882-88); became privat-docent at Gottingen (1888), and associate professor of New-Testament exegesis (1890); professor of the same subject in the University of Marburg (1895-1908); since 1908 he has held the same position at Heidelberg. Besides editing Die Schriften des Neuen Testaments neu vibersetzt und fiir die Gegenwart erklirt (2 vols., Gottingen, 1906), he has written Der Barnabasbrief (Berlin, 1888); Die Predigt Jesu vom Reiche Gottes (Géttingen, 1893); Kommentar zum Lukas-Evangelium (1893); Die Nachfolge Christi und die Predigt der Gegenwart (1895); Beitrage zur paulinische Rhetorik (1897); Ueber die Absicht und den literarischen Char-
akter der A postelgeschichte (1897); Die Idee des Reichs Gottes in der Theologie (Giessen, 1900); Die christliche Freiheit und die Verktindigung des Apostels Paulus (Gottingen, 1902); Das dilteste Evangelium (1903); Die Offenbarung des Johannes (1904); Die Aufgaben der neutestamentlichen Wissenschaft (1908) ; Christus, die Anfénge des Dogmas (1909); Paulus und Jesus (Berlin, 1909; Eng. transl., London, 1909, New York, 1910); Jesus im Glauben des Urchristentums (1910); Jesils von Nazareth, Mythus oder Geschichte? (1910); and the volume on Corinthians in the Kritisch-exegetischer Kommentar tiber das Neue Testament (Gottingen, 1910).
WEISS, NATHANAEL EMILE: French Reformed; b. at La Croix-aux-Mines, near Saint-Dié (45 m. s.e. of Nancy), Mar. 27, 1845. He studied at the Protestant Gymnasium of Strasburg (B.D., 1867); was tutor to the sons of Count de Maupeau (1867-69); pastor of the Reformed EHyglise de la Glaciére, Paris (1869-71); missionary agent to the Paris Sunday-school Society (1871-75); pastor at Boulogne-sur-Seine (1875-85). Since 1885 he has been librarian of the Sunday-school Society, Paris, and is also secretary of the Society for the History of French Protestantism. He has been a member of the consistory of the Reformed Church in Paris since 1879, and is an ‘“ advocate of what is called ‘new theology.’”’ He puts his strength into the Bulletin of the Society for the History of French Protestantism, and is the acknowledged authority in this department of research. He has written Duplessis-M ornay comme théologien et comme charactere politique (Strasburg, 1867); Le Naufrage de la Ville du Havre et du Loch Earn (Paris, 1874); La Sortie de France de Claude Brousson (Orléans, 1885); and La Chambre ardente (Paris, 1889).
WEISS, PANTALEON. See Canpipus.
WEIZSAECKER, vaits’sek’ker, KARL HEIN- RICH VON: German theologian; b. at Oehringen (85 m. n.n.w. of Stuttgart) Dec. 11, 1822; d. at Tiibingen Aug. 13, 1899. He received his education at the seminary at Schontal and at the University of Tiibingen; became privat-docent at Tiibingen, 1847; minister at Billingsbach, 1848; preacher to the court at Stuttgart, 1851; assistant in the Kultusministerium, 1856; associate in the consistory, 1859; professor at Tiibingen as successor of Baur in church history, 1861; and chancellor of the university, 1890. As early as 1856 he began contributions to theology in his joint efforts in founding and editing Jahrbiicher fiir deutsche Theologie, an actiyity which he extended later by contributions to such journals as the Theologische Studien und Kritiken and the Theologische Litteraturzeitung. He was the author of Zur Kritik des Barnabas-Briefes aus dem Codex Sinaiticus (Tiibingen, 1863); Untersuchungen diber die evangelische Geschichte (Gotha, 1864), a work which placed Weizsicker in the front rank of writers on early Christianity; and Die christliche Kirche im apostolische Zeitalter (Freiburg, 1886, 3d ed., 1902; Eng. transl., The Apostolic Age, 2 vols., London, 1894-95), which was preceded by a series of special studies that prepared the way and appeared in various journals. In this work he turned the tide of
criticism by insisting that in the Fourth Gospel careful distinction must be made between the historical and the philosophical elements, there being original apostolic reminiscences as fundamental as in the Synoptic Gospels; only in the development of these reminiscences they had become interwoven with a sublime philosophy. The hypothesis of the evolution of Christianity from a Pauline-Petrine opposition was undermined and positions determined for a new advance in historical investigation. But the new position taken by Weizsicker was the union of a historico-personal and a mystical-idealistic element in the Fourth Gospel. He ever regarded himself as related in spirit and method to Baur, a thankful student of that master, and in this respect his Untersuchungen named above bears out his claims.
While Weizsicker’s scholarship is to be recognized, his practical ability should also receive acknowledgment. As pastor among peasants, in official service in the consistory and elsewhere, as professor coming into contact with students, as rector and chancellor of the university, he displayed ever a keen sense of the fitness of things and great wisdom in directing his course of action. He was no doctrinaire, but had an eye to the practical in life, with a humor and a fund of anecdote with which he brightened the intercourse into which he was thrown.
(H. Hottrzmannt.)
BrpuiograpHy: A. Hegler, Zur Hrinnerung an K. Weizsacker, Tiibingen, 1900; G. Griitzmacher, in Historische Vierteljahrschrift, 1899, pp. 566-568; E. Grafe, Die christliche Welt, 1899, pp. 749-753; R. Giimther, in Monatsschrift fiir Pastoraltheologie, 1907, pp. 10-32, 64-73.
WELLAND, THOMAS JAMES: Anglican bishop of Down, Connor, and Dromore, Ireland; b. in Dublin Mar. 31, 1830; d. at Belfast July 29, 1907. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin (B.A., 1854), and was ordered deacon in 1854 and ordained priest in the following year; was curate of Carlow (1854-56); perpetual curate of Painstown, County Carlow (1856-58); assistant chaplain of Mariner’s Church, Kingstown, County Dublin (1858-62); clerical secretary of the Jews’ Society (1862-66); assistant chaplain of Christ Church, Leeson Street, Dublin (1866-70); incumbent of St. Thomas, Belfast, and chaplain of Malone Protestant Reformatory (1870-92), and in 1892 was consecrated bishop of the united dioceses of Down, Connor, and Dromore.
WELLDON, JAMES EDWARD COWELL: Church of England; b. at Tunbridge (16 m. s.w. of Rochester), Kent, Apr. 25, 1854. He was educated at King’s College, Cambridge (B.A., 1877), and, after residing abroad for some years, was ordered deacon in 1883 and ordained priest in 1885. He was elected a fellow of his college in 1878; was master of Dulwich College, 1883-85; headmaster of Harrow School, 1885-98; select preacher at Cambridge in 1885, 1888, and 1893, and at Oxford in 1886-87; honorary chaplain to the queen, 1888-92, and chaplain in ordinary, 1892-98; and Hulsean lecturer at Cambridge in 1897. In 1898 he was consecrated bishop of Calcutta and metropolitan of India, but in 1901 resigned his see and was canon of Westminster 1901-06, and since 1906 dean of Manchester. Besides translating Aristotle’s Poli-