(4) Special Treatises on the Actfi.^tJohn Liphtfoot, Hebrew ami Talmudical Exereitations on the Acts of the Apostles (lli7S): Palev. florae Paulinae (1770, ed. bv Birks 1850) ; Zeller, Die Afwstilgeschichte (18,%4. En(r. tr. 187!)); .J. B. Liphtfoot, Galatians. 180.',, pp. 81 f., 88 f., 109 f , 276 f. ; Supernatural Religion, vol. iii. (1877) : .1. B. Liphtfoot In Smith's DI? i. 2.').
(51 Works on Earli/ Church History. — Neander, y^;7«;isu«(; und Leitung (18,32. 'ed. v. 1862, Enp. tr. 1842. 1840); Baur, Paulus (18451 : Coiivbeare and Howson. .87. Paul, ed. ii. (18561 ; Kitsohl, Die Entstthung der Altkatholischen Kirche (ed. ii. 18.'>71; Lechler. Das Ajtostolische und Xachnpostolische Zeit- alter (1857. ed. ii. 1885, Knjj. tr. 18861 ; Ewald, Gesch. des Apost. Zeitalters (Eng. tr. Iliston/ of fsrael, vol. \i.)\ Kenan, Les A/wtres, p. X. (18661. Les'Erangiles, p. 4;i5 (1877); Farrar. Li/e and work o/St. Paul i.\^12), Earh/ fhtr/s ofChristianilif (18821; Lewin, Life and Epistlesof St. Ai w/ ('18721 ; Weizsiirkef, Das Apostolische Zeilalter (18^6, 2nd ed. 1892. Enp. tr. l-lMl ; Ptleifierer. Crchristenthum (ls871; Ilamsay. The Church in the Rom. A'/»;>/re(i893); H<»rt. Judaistic Christianity i.\^'.t4i; Kainsay. .87. Paul. the Traveller and the Roman Cifizt u ii^'.*'>\.
(61 Monographs on Special Points. — .lames Smith, Vouage and Shipicreck of St, Am/ (1848. e<l. iv. 18801; ,1. B. LiKhtloot. Essai/s on ' .Supernatural fieligion,^ pp. 291-302, I)iseoverios lllust'ratinp the Acts of the .Vpostle.s (1889); J. Frledrich, Das Lukas- Erangeli um unddieApostelgeschichteWerkedesselhen IVr/aAj^^rA (18901; Th. Momnisen nnd Ad. llarnaek. 2wr .-I/^'/*. telgeschichte, xxviii. \G;Sitsungsherichtederkoniglich Pre us- sischen Akademie der Wissenschaft zu Berlin, p. 491 (1^95).
(7) The Acts and Jos. (.see Carl Clemen, Die Chronologie der Paulinischen Briefe, \u 66, n. .M) ; Keim, Geschichte Jesu ron Xazara, ill. pp. I:i4, 4^0 (1n72>, and 'Jos. Im Neuen Testa- ment ' in A us a em Vrchristenthmn, 1. p. 1 (18781 ; Iloltzmann, Z.fur W. Th. 1878, ji. 8.% 1877, p. .'.35 ; Krenkel. ib. 1873, [,. 441 ; Schilrer, ib. 1876, n. 574; The author of 'Snpernatnral Kelipion.' Furtnightltf Renew, xxil. p. 490, 1877; Krenkel, Josejihus u. Lucas, LeliizlB. 1894; Bousset In Theol. Litig. 1895. ccd. 391.
(8) Sources. — Sorof, IHe Entstehung der Apostelgesch. isitti ; Feine, Eine rorkanon. Cberlieferungdes Lukasin Erang.nnd Apostelgesch. 1891 ; Spitta. bie Apostelgesch. ihre Quellen und deren geschichtlicher Wert (1891) ; van Manen, Paulue I., f)ie llandflinqer der Aposteln (181H)) ; C, Clemen, Die Chrono- logie der Paulinischen Briefe (Is931, nnd SK (1S9.\ p. 2971; .Ic.hnnn .liinpst. file Quellen der Apostelgeschichte (189.51; Ad. Hilpenfeld. Die Apostelgeschichte nach ihren Quellenschriften untermcia, Z.fur It'. Th. 1S95, iip. 06, 186. 884. 481.
A. C. Headla.m.
ACUB (B 'AKov<t>, A 'AKoifi), 1 Es 5". — His sons were among the 'temple .servants' who returned with Zerub.' Called Bakbuk, Ezr 2^\ Neh l''^.
ACUD ('AkoW, AV Acua), 1 Es 5*\— His sons were among the ' teinpli^ servants ' who returned from captivity with Zerubbabel. Called Akkub (3V;= 'cunning'), Ezr 2*'' ; omitted in Neh 7.
ADADAH (^77"), Jos W^.—A city of Judali in the Xegcb. The site may be at the ruin 'A(r(id'ili in the desert south-east of Beersheba.
ADAH (^T't)-— !• f^ne of the two wives of Lamech, antl mother of .lalial and .lubal ((in 4"''-")- 'I'he name possibly denoted 'brightness' (cf. Arab. t/hadSt), Cain's other wife being named ' Zillah,' or ' Shadow,' ' Darkness.' These names have been cited to support the view of the mythological basis of the Genesis narr.itive. Hut the name may simply denote 'adornment' (Lenorniiint, Le,i Oriijines, p. 183 f.). According to .los. (Ant. i. ii. 2)"Lamech
36
ADAIAH
had 77 sons bom to him of Adah and Zillah. 2. Daughter of Elon, a Hittite, and one of the wives of Esau (Gn 36^) ; mother of Eliphaz, and ances- tress of Edomite tribes, Teman, Zejiho, Gatam, Kenaz, Amalek. In Gn 26" (P) the daughter of Elon the Hittite, whom Esau takes to wife, is named Basemath. The names in Gn 36 have suffered in the process of redaction, and this may account for the confusion. Jos. {Ant. II. i. 2), though mentioning Esau's age, and therefore referring to Gn 26^*, gives Adah and Oholibamah ('AXi^i/iij) as the names of Esau's wives. For a discussion on the name, see Baethgen's Beitrdge, p. 149.
H. E. Ryle.
ADAIAH (nnj^ 'Jehovah haa adorned').—!. A man of Boscath, the maternal grandfather of king Josiah, 2 K 22'. 2. A Levite descended from Gershom, 1 Ch 6", caUed Iddo in v.». 3. A son of Shimei (in v." Shema) the Benjamite, 1 Ch 8". 4. The son of Jeroham, a priest, and head of a family in Jerusalem, 1 Ch 9". 5. The father of Maaseiah, a captain who helped Jehoiada to overthrow the usurpation of Athaliah, and set Joash on the throne, 2 Ch 23'. 6. One of the family of Bani, who took a strange wife during the Exile, Ezr 10*. 7. Another of a different family of Bani, who had committed the same offence, Ezr lO**. 8. A descendant of Judah by Pharez, Neh 11'. 9. A Levite of the family of Aaron ; probably the same as (4), Neh 11".
R. M. Boyd.
ADALIA (n;^:.!!, Est 9«), the fifth of the sons of Haman, put to death by the Jews. In the LXX the name is different, and the MSS vary between Bo/xrd B, Bo/)A k A, Bop«d. H. A. WHITE.