H. A. White.
ADDAR, 1 Ch 8'.— See Aed.
ADDAR, AV Adar (i^x), Jos 15'.— A town on the border of Judah south of Beersheba. Thera is a ruin east of Gaza which bears the name 'Adar, but this seems perhaps too fax west.
C. R. CONDEE.
ADDER.— See SERPENT.
ADD! ['ASS(l). — An ancestor of Jesus Christ, Lk 3^. See GenealoOY.
ADDICT. — ' To a. oneself to,' now used only in a bad sense, was formerly neutral, and is found in a good sense in 1 Co 16" ' they have a. them- selves to the ministry of the saints' (RV 'they have set themselves to minister unto the saints '). Cf. Hist. Card. (1670) : ' The greatest part of the day he addicts either to study, devotion, or other spiritual exercises.' J. Hastings.
ADDO(A'AJJii,B'E«JeIy).— Tbegrandfatherofthe prophet Zechariah (1 Es 6'). The name is similarly spelt in LXX of Ezr 6' (A'ASSii, B'ASii). See Iddo.
ADDON {\\iv), Neh 7". See Addan.
ADDUS.— 1. i'ASSoii) 1 Es 5".— His sons were among the children of Solomon's servants who returned with Zerub. ; the name does not occur in the parallel lists in Ezr 2, Neh 7. 2. See Jaddus.
ADIDA ('ASiSd). — A town in the Shephelah (Jos. Ant. XIII. vi. 5) fortified by Simon the Basmoneean (1 Mac 12^ 13"). The same as Hadid.
ADIEL (S.yij^ 'ornament of God'). — 1. A Simeonite prince who attacked the shepherds of Gedor, 1 Ch 4^": 2. A j>riest, 1 Ch 9'^. 3. Tka father of Azmaveth, David's ireiisviTer, 1 Ch 27^.
ADIN (rill ' luxurious ' ?), Ezr 2" 8«, Neh 7** 10", 1 Es 5'*" 8^^. The head of a Jewish family, of which some members returned with Zerub., and with Ezra.
ADINA (NJ'iy,), a Keubenite chief, one of David's mighty men, 1 Ch 11".
ADINO ([Kethibh usyn] 'i^vn Hip 'Adino the Eznite,' B ASeivuv i 'Aawvaloi, A 'ASeiv i 'A(7(i;;'oor). — The Kere is clearly an attempt to introduce some sense into the meaningless Kethibh. The present Heb. text of 2 S 23' must be corrupt, the true reading being preserved in the parallel passage 1 Ch 11" ' JashoDeam, the son of a Hachmonite, he lifted up his spear.' The last clause (wjn hk Tiiy Kir\) was corrupted into usyn u-ijj mn, and then taken erro- neously as a proper name, being treated as an alter- native to the preceding ' Josheb-basshebeth, a Tahchemonite ' (see Jashobeam). B has the addi- tion ouTos iffirdcraTo ttjv po^ipalav aOrov ; but this is not foimd in A, and is, as Wellhausen has pointed out, derived from the LXX tr. of Ch (cf. 2 S 23", where B renders the same words by ii-Z/yetpe rb Sipv airroO).
J. F. Stennino.
ADINU (A 'AiTpos, B 'AStCXtoi, AV Adin), 1 Es 5", called Adin (A 'A5li>, B 'ASelr), 1 Es 8**.— His de- scendants returned with Zerubbabel to the number of 454 (1 Es 5", Ezr 2") or 655 (Neh 7**). A second party of 51 (Ezr 8") or 251 (1 Es S^) accompanied Ezra. They are mentioned among ' the chiefs of the people who joined Neh. in a covenant to separate themselves from the heathen (Neh 10"). H. St. J. Thackeray.
ADITHAIU [a-VTJ), Jos 15*'.— A town of Judah in the Shephelah. 'The site is unknown.
C. R. CONDKB.
ADJURh,
ADONIJAH
39
ADJURE. — The primitive meaning of a. (from late Lat. adjurare) is to put under oatli. This is its meaning in Jos 6-' ' And Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man ' (RV ' charged them with an oath '), and 1 S 14** ' Saul had a* the people, saying, Cursed be the man.' Cf. v." ' thy father straitly charged the people with •Ji oath.' But the word is also used in early writers in the sense of to charge solemnly, without the actual administration of an oath. Thus Caxton (1483): ' Raguel desired and adjured Thobie that he shold abyde with hym.' This is the mean- ing of a. in the other places of the Bible where it is found (1 K 22", 2 Ch 18", Mt 26'°, Mk 5', Ac 19"). RV gives 'a.' (for AV 'charge,' Heb. pj?) at Ca 2' 3" 5»-» 8«, and at 1 Th 5" (Gr. tvopKliw). Adjuration (not in AV) is found in RV at Lv 5' (.li-ij, AV 'swearing') and Pr 29« (rh», AV ' condng '). See Oath. J. Hastings.
ADLAI (■^3, 'kial), the father of Sbaphat, one of David's herdsmen, 1 Ch 27".
ADHAH (rejiu), 'red lands,' Gn 10" 14>-«, Dt 29", Hog 11'.— One of the cities of the Ciecar or ' Round.' It is not noticed as over- thrown in the account of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gn 19), but is included in their catastrophe in the two later passages. The site ia nnknon'n. It might be the same as the city Adah, which see. C. R. Conder.
ADMATHA (i«.?;ii<, Est 1"), one of the wise men or counsellors of Aliasuerus. These seven royal advisers (cf. Ezr 7"), who were granted admission to the king's presence, and saw his face (cf. 2 K 25"), are perhaps to be compared rather with the supreme Persian judges (Herod, iii. 31) than with the representatives of the sue families which took part with Darius against the pseudo - Smerdis (Herod, iii. 84). The name is possibly Persian, a<;^m<5<a = ' unrestrained.' In the LXX only three names are given. H. A. White.