ANAH (njy). — i. A daughter of Zibeon, and mother of Oholibamah, one of Esau's wives. On 3g2. u. 18. » (H). The mention of a daughter in this genealogical list has been used to prove that kinship amongst the Horites was traced tlirougli women (\V. R. Smith in Journal of Philology, ix. p. 50). As is pointed out, however, in \K\ •». so""; ancient authorities (including LXX. Sam. resh.) read son instead of daughter, which would identify this A. with 2. a son of Zibeon, Gn 36" (R), 1 Cli l«.u 8, A Horite 'duke,' brother of Zibeon, Gn 36»» (R), 1 Ch 1». If we take A. as an eponym rather than a personal name, and think ot relationships between clans rather than individuals, it is quite possible to reduce the above three refer- ences to one. This can be done all the more readily by adopting wth Kautzsch in Gn 36" the reading >"'-" ' the Horite ' as in v." instead of Ml im 'the Hi\'ite.' In regard to No. 2 the note is appended, ' This is A. wlio found the hot springs ( AV the mules) in the wilderness, as he fed the asses of Ziljeon his father' (Gn 36-»). For the Heb. cp-n which is a Sir. Xry-. LXX ofiers the unintelligible Tii-'Iaueii-, Sam. hasc-p-Nn 'the Emim' (an aboriginal race of gianU mentioned in Gn 14», Dt 2"'- "), and
is followed by Onk. and Pseud. -Jon. It wa* simply the context that gave rise to the conjecture accepted by Luther and AV that the word mean* Tmdls. The Vulg. trn. {aquas calidas) prob. is correct (so Kautzsch, 'die heissen Quellen'), and the hot springs' may possibly be identified with Callirrhoe to the E. of the Dead Sea. The chief difiiculty in accepting this interpretetion is that no root for the word can be discovered which would suit such a meaning (Ox/. Hch. Lex. s.v. ; cf. DiUiuann and Delitzsch on Genesis, I.e.). J. A. Selhie.
ANAHARATH (mn;K), Jos 19", mentioned with Shion CAyiin Sh'ain) and Rabbith (AViia) on the east side of the Plain of Esdraelon m Issacliar. it is the modern en-No: urah of Jezreel in the Valley ofJezreel. ,S IKP vol. u. sheet ix.
C. R. CONDER.
ANAIAH (.Tip 'J" hath answered'). —1. A Levite Neh 8«,"called Ananias 1 Es 9«. 2. One of those who sealed the covenant Neh 10-".
ANAK, ANAKIM (pjy, D-pjB,, "Ev6.K-i^).—\t is often said that Anak is thb name of the person from whom the Anakim were regarded as having their descent. But the name Anak occurs without the article only in the descriptive phrase ' fons^of Anak Dt9= Nu 13^ 'And there we saw the Neplulim, the sons of Anak of the Nenhilim ' If we have any account of a person called A., this is tne account ; and he is said to be one of the ancient NephUim or demigods. (See Nephilim). But probably here, as in all the other places (Jos 15'; 0111 J,; ISO Nu 13-''-=*), we have a descriptive phrase for a race of men, rather than the name of an ancestor. In these other places the article is used. We have ' the Anak,' or ' the Anok,' the word being used collectively, and denoting the race, pst as does the plural Anakim. If a progenitor for this race is mentioned, he is Arba (which see), and not
The Anakim were of the giant race (Nu 13'=- ", Dt 1=* 2"'' "• '=• "• " 9'" "). They had their seat notably at Hebron, but also farther N . , and near the Mediter. coast (Jos 14'=-"> IP'- ==). They seem to have been, however, rather a race of men than an independent people or group of peoples. Politically, they were Amorite or Perizzite or Philistine as the case nii<'ht be. The wars in which Joshua and Caleb comniered them were not separate from their wars against the Can. peoples. Presumably the Anakim w^ere relatively unintellectual, were subordinate to the Amorite, and were for that very reason the more formidable as fighters against a common enemy For additional particulars see OlANT and REPUAIM. W. J. BEECUER.
ANAMIM.— The Anamim (d-dji;., Ei-eMmftM, A^e- u.(Tu^^l.) are stated in the ethnographical list Gn 10" 1 Ch 1" to have been descendants, or a tribe, of Mizraim, i.e. Egypt. They have not yet been identified. The attempts to discover this people in one or other of the races represented on the E"TP. monuments have been based on some more or" less striking similarity in the name. Lbers identifies them with the Aamn or Naamu (Ana- maiina), i.e. cowherds, who are included among the tribes ruled by the Pharaohs loth or 14th cent. B.C. They occupy the second place in the procession (after the Kutu or Lutu), and are represented as reddish men of Sem. type, as is shown by the head of the man who represents them in the grave of Seti I. They immigrated into Egypt before the Hyksos from Asia. Their capita was on the Bucolic arm of the Nile, and, m addition to being cattle rearers, they were importers of Asiatic pro- ducts to Egypt (se<< Riehm, iflKif;. j^j ^^
ANAMMELECH
AliANIAS
91
ANAMMELECH (tiJ'SJj;).— A "od worshipped along with Aiirammelech with rites like those of Molech by the foreijrn settlers brought by the Assj'riaus to Samaria (2 K 17", cf. v."). The worshippers are said to have come from Sepharvaim = Sabara'in, a Syrian city destroyed by Shalmaneser (Bab. Chronicle, col. i. line 28, in Winckler, Kcitin.tchr. Textburh. Cf. Halcvy, ZA, ii. 401, 402). Winckler (AT U ntersuchungen, p. 97 ff. ), doubting that Syrifins would be settled in Samaria, a district so near their own land, takes Sepharvaim as a false reading, or false editorial correction, introduced from 2 K 18", for Sipar (Sippar), the well-known city of Northern Babylonia.