• O deeper Bin than bottomless conceit Can comprehend in still imagination.'
J. Hastings. CONCERT.— See Consort.
CONCISION.— See Circumcision.
CONCLUDE.- 1. In the sense of 'shut up,' 'en- close,' mod. include, Ro 11'* 'God hath c'-'tlicm all in unbelief,' and Gal 3*" ' the Scripture hath C^ all under sin' (RV 'shut up,' Gr. av-iK\tLw, u.sed lit. in Lk 5' 'they tm-Zoierf a great multitude of lishos' ; and fig. as al>ove from Ps 78" LXX, ' Ucgnve his peojile over unto the sword ' — used with the pregnant sen.se of giving over so that there can be no escape — Sanday and Headlam). 2. To come to a conclusion by reasoning, infer, Ro 3^ 'Therefore we c. that a man is justified by faith' {'hcryi^liiuOa, RV 'we reckon') ; and in RV, Ac W ' c"" that (iod had
called us ' (tvn^i^aiovrts, AV ' assuredly gather- ing '). 3. To decide, Ac 21^ ' we have written and c''' that they observe no such thing' (Kplvairrei, RV 'giving judgment'); and with direct object= 'determine upon,' Jth 2- ' Nebuch. . . . c"^ the alliicting of the whole earth ' (aweriXfaev, cf. 1 S 20' 'evil is determined by him,' LXX awTfTiXecrm),
J. Hastings. CONCOURSE.— A c. is a 'running together' (cnncurrcrc) of people, as Wyclif's tr. (1382) of Ac 24'- ' makinge concurs or rennyng to gidere of the cunipany of peple ' In this orig. sense c. occurs in AV, .Jth lo'" 'Then was there a c. throughout all the camp ' (axivSpofii)) ; Pr 1^ ' She crieth in the chief pl.ace of c' (nv:n -.jn-is, Oxf. Heb. Lex. 'at the head of bustling streets'); Ac 19''*' 'we may give an account of this c' {avarpoip^). J. Hastings.
CONCUBINE.— See Marriage.
CpNCUPISCENCE.— C. is intense desire {con- cupisccre intensive of concupere), always in a bad sense (so that ' cml c' of Col 3° is a redundancy in English), and nearly always meaning sexual lust. The Gr. is always i-iriOvixla, a more gener-al word thivn the Eng. 'concuiiiseence.' The passages are Wis 4'- (RV 'desire '), .Sir'23'(RV ' concu])i.scence '), Ro 7» (RV 'coveting'), Col 3" (RV 'desire'), 1 Th 4' (RV 'lust'). J. Hastings.
CONDEMNATION. — See Damnation, Judg- ment.
CONDITION.— In the obsol. sense of disposition, condition occurs 2 Mac 15" 'gentle in c' (RV 'm.anner'; Gr. rpiiro^, in this sense also He 13' AV 'conversation,' RVm 'turn of mind'). Cf. Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1431 — ' He was so centil of condicioun, That thurgliout al the court was his renoun.*
J. Hastings. CONDUCT.— 1 Es 8" ' I was ashamed to ask the king footmen, and horsemen, and c. for safeguard against our ad versaries ' — mod. ' escort. ' So Shaks. Cymb. lU. v. 8—
* So, sir, I desire of you A conduct over land to SlUtord-Haven.'
See Ethics. J. Hastings.
CONDUIT {n))ir\, iSpayuy6i, aqvirducttis). — A channel for the convej-ance of water from the source whence it was derived to the place where it was delivered. It wound round hills, or passed through them by means of tunnels ; and crossed valleys upon arches or upon a substructure of solid masonry. The channel, when not itself a tunnel of varying height, was rectangular in form, and either cut out of the solid rock or constructed of masonry. It was covered by slabs of stone to keep the water pure and cool, and its floor had a alight ami fairly uniform fall.
The remains of ancient conduits constructed for the conveyance of water to towns, or for purposes of irrigation, are common in Pal., but it will only be necessary here to allude to those connected with the water supply of Jerusalem. Amongst the oldest of the ,Ierus. conduits are the rock-hewn channel that entered the temple area from the north, and was cut through when the ditch that separated Bezetha from the Antonia was excavated ; one at a low level, beneath 'Robinson's Arch,' which was de stroyed when Herod built the west periholos wall of tlie temple ; and the well-known tunnel that conveyed water from the Fountain of the Virgin to the Pool of Siloam. An inscription in Phcon. char- acters in the last conduit carries the date of itscou struction back to the Hth cent. B.C.
Kquiilly interesting and, iierlinps, in part of
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COXfESSIOlN
greater age, is the conduit about ISJ miles long which convev«>i water from the ' Pools of Solomon,' beyond Betlilohem, to the temple enclosure at Jerus., and is known as the 'low-level aqueduct.' Tradition, with great probability, ascribes the con- struction of this conduit to Solomon, who must have found himself obliged to increase the water supply when the temple services were instituted. The channel, which is about 2 ft. deep and IJ ft. wide, pa.s.ses under Bethlehem by a tunnel. It has been conjectured that this conduit was called 'Tannin' by the Jews from its serpentine course, and that the ' Dragon's Well ' of Neh 2" was an outflow from it in the Valley of Hinnom. At a later date a pool {piscina) was constructed in the Wdily Arriib to collect the water from springs in that valley, and this was connected with the ' low -level aqueduct' by a conduit about 28 miles in length, wliich, near Tekoa, passed through a long tunnel. This conduit is apparently that alluded to by Jos. (Ant. XVIII. iii. 2, BJ II. ix. 4) as having been made by Pontius Pilate with the Corban.