• For this mtme see »rt. RAUATnAiM-iornni. In I Oh e*^" and **>fi Samuel is repre»ented as a Invite, and the three nanieo, Klihu, Tohu, Zu|>h, appear as Eliub, NahaUl, Zophai ((1»H") ; Eliel, Toah, Zupli {Kflhihh Zlph) (IP^SO). It ia noliceolile that in the first of tiiese places there is no connectintr link twtwei-n the Elkanah nirnli(>iie<l and Samuel. The usual explanation ^ven of this apparent discrepancy ia that the Invites in any [urtieutar city were counted om port of the tribe amonifst whom they wero dwelling; ; but this doec Dot seem very satisfactory.
698
ELLASAR
ELYAIAIS
in favour of the second of the above identifica- tions.
LlTBRATTTRI. — A. B, Davidson, Xahum, Introd. S 1 ; Nestle, Zeitach. d. deutsch. Pal. Vemins, i. 222 ff. (tranaU in PEFSt (1879), p. 138 ff.) ; O. A. Smith, Hist. Geog. 231 n.
J. A. Selbie. ELLASAR (if^K, "EWaaip, Pontus). — Arioch, king of Ellasar, was one of the vassal Babylonian kings wlio took part along witli their suzerain, Chedor-laomer of Elara, in his campaign against (Janaan (Gn 14'). In the early days of Assyri- ology (see F. Lenormant, La Lntiffue primitive de la Chaldie (1875), pp. 377-379) he was already identified by the decipherers of the cuneiform inscriptions with Eri-Aku, king of Larsa, who was called Rim-Sin (or Rim-Agu) by liis Semitic subjects. The identification has now been verified by further discoveries, which have shown that Kri-Aku was a contemporary of Kudur-Lagamar (Chedor-laomer) of Elam, Tudghula or Tid'al, and Kbammurabi or Ammi-rabi, wliom recent research has proved to be the Ara-raphel of Genesis. Larsa is now represented by the mounds of Senkereh, in Lower Babylonia, on the east bank of the Euphrates and about midway between the sites of Erech ( JVarka) and Ur (Mukayijar). One of its early names was Ararma, and it was celebrated for its temple and worship of the Sun-god (see Sayce, Religion of the Ancient Babuloninns, pp. 166, 167). The temple, called Bil-Uri by the Semites, was of very ancient date, and had been restored by Ur- xJau (?), B.C. 2700, by Kharamurabi, by Nebucliad- rezzar, and by Nabonidus. Amon" the ruins of its library and tombs Loftus found fragments of a mathematical work (Ckaldwa and Susiann, pp. 255, 256). The biblical form of the name probably represents &l Larsa, 'the city of Larsa' (but see Ball's note on Gn 14> in Haupt's OT).
LiTERATURB. — Sayce, HCM 165 ff. ; Loftus, Chaldaa and Sueiana, 240 ff. ; Delitzsch, Mo lag dat Parattui I 223 f. ; Tiele, Ge^ch. L 86 ; Schrader, COT on Gn 14. See also Hommel's art. Babylonia, p. 226'> in present voL, and his AncierU Hebrew Tradition, 148 L A. H. SAYCE.
ELM. — A mistranslation of AV for terebinth (Hos4").
ELMADAM ("EX/iaSrf^, AVElmodam, perh. =n'iD'-!< (tU 10'^).— An ancestor of Jesus (Lk 3^). See (lENEALOOY.
ELNAAM (oyj^N 'God is pleasantness').— The father of two of David's mighty men (1 Ch U").
ELNATHAN (toj'^x ' God has given ' ; cf. jruV), 2 K 24», Jer 26^^ :?6'2-=», Ezr 8".— 1. The father of Nehushta, the mother of Jehoiachin. 2. The son of Achbor. A person of influence in Jehoiakim's court. He was the chief of those sent to Egypt to fetch Uriah, who had offended Jehoiakim by his prophecy, and one of tho.se who had entreated Jehoiakim not to bum the roll. It is possible that (1) and (2) are the same person, but by no means certain when we consider the commonness of the name. 3. The name occurs no fewer than three times in the list of those sent for by Ezra when he encamped near Ahava in the course of his journey to Jerus., twice among the chief men, and also as one of the teacliers. But it is extremely probable that the second occurrence of the name is a corrupt reading, arising out of the foUoAving name Nathan.
F. H. Woods.
ELOHIM.— See GOD. ELOHIST.— See Hexa-
TEUCll.
ELOI.— See Eu.
ELON (i^u 'a terebinth').—!. Of the tribe of
Zebulun, one of the minor judges ( Jg 12"- "). All that i.s told of him is simply that he judged Israel for ten years, that he died, and was buried in Elon (p^'K) in Zebulun. The MT points pV;¥ Aijalon; but the distinction thus made between the name of the judge and his burj'ingplace is quite arbitrary. Baer, Libri Jos. et Jud. p. 98, reads ]% Elon, in both verses. 2. A son of Zebulun (Gn 46", Nu 26*, where gentilic name Elonites occurs). 3. A Hittite, the father-in-law of Esau (Gn 26^ 36-).
G. A. Cooke. ELON (I'lS't?), Jos 19".— A town of Dan, perhaps the same as Elon-beth-hanan (1 K 4*), wliich was in Solomon's province corresponding to the terri- tory of Dan. The site of Ananiah seems too far E., being in Benjamin. In some MSS Elon and Beth-hanan are made distinct places, in which case the latter may be Ananiah, and the former la unkno^vn unless Aijalon was the original reading.
C. R. CONDER.
ELON-BETH-HANAN.— See Elon. ELOTH.— See Elath.
ELPAAL {W^'jif • God of doing' (?)).— The head of a Benjamite family (1 Ch 8"- "■ »8). See GENE- ALOGY.
ELPARAN (Gn 14«).— See Paran.
ELPELET (ob^N, AV Elpalet).— One of David's
sons = ELlPHELET No. 1.
EL-SHADDAL— See GoD.
ELTEKEH (Jos 19« npn^x, 21» K;ii?)tf).—A town of the territory of Dan, mentioned in connexion with Ekron and Gibbethon. It is probably the same as Altaku (Al-ta-ku-u), a towTi mentioned in the Prism Inseri[)tion of Sennacherib as the scene of the defeat of the Pliilistines and their Egyp. allies by the Assyrians in the days of Hezekiaii. G. A. Smith {Hist. Geog. p. 236) urges that Altal>u (Eltekeli) cannot have been situated up the valley of Aijalon, where it is marked on the PEF map, for such a site is unsuitable as the meeting-place of the main Assyr. and Egyp. armies. The PEF identification may, however, be correct, and the fight may have been between detachments. Yet a site near Ekron suits Sennacherib's narrative, for after taking Altalju he tells us next that he took Ekron (Amlfar-ru-na). In any case it is improbable that the retreat of Sennacherib was the result of the encounter. W. E. BARNES.