should use the word which he heard the sailors employ on the occasion ' ?
I.rrERATDRR. — The subject is discussed in the ' Lives of 8t Paul ' by Conybeare and Howson, Le\vin, and others ; at con- si'ierable len{;th. but with unequal relevancy, by Falconer, f>ie9. on St. FauCs Vof/a-je. 2nd ed. pp. 12-19, 24-2(i ; most fully and satisiacLorily by .Smith, Voyaoe and Shipwreck, in his ' Diss, on the wind Euroclydon,' p. 119 IT., with .Appendices (rom Bentley and Granville Peon, pp. 287-292 ; cf. Blass, wl loc.
William P. Dicksox.
EUTYCHUS (Efric^os).— When St. Paul was at Troas on his final journey to Jerus., on the first day of the week he and his party, with the Christians of the place, assembled in an upper room to break bread. As St. Paul was leaving the next morning, his speech was lengthy, and a young man of the name of Eutychus, who was sitting at the ^vindow (iirl T^s Bvploos), fell asleep (perhaps owing to the heat of the many lamps that were lighted), and, falling down from the third storey, was taken up dead (fipdri ycKpis). St. Paul went down and em- braced him, and bade them not trouble them- selves, as his life was yet in him. Then he went upstairs, broke bread, and continued talking until the morning. As they departed the young man was brought to them alive ( Ac 20'"'^).
The incident occurs in the ' we ' section of the Ac and is clearly authentic, but two opinions are held. It has been pointed out that it may be capable of a perfectly natural explanation, and it is suggested that it illustrates the growth of mythical stories on a basis of fact, and has been introduced here as a parallel incident to that related concerning Peter (9*1-43) jj^i; Kamsay points out that St. Luke's language is very precise ; that he does not, as in 14'", merely state that E. was thought to be dead, and that weight must be attached to his medical knowledge. Even if this be (as is perhaps the case) putting an unnatural strain on tne words, it is perfectly clear that the story was related as an inst.ance of the exhibition of power by the apostle, and that the WTiter, who was an eye-witness, be- lieved it to be such.
Literature. — Ramsay, St. Paul the Trav. p. 290; HoItB- maUD, Hand-Commentar. p. 402 ; Zeller, Acts, ii. p. 02, Enj?. tr.
A. C. Headlam. EVANGELIST {tuayyeXurHit, — ' a. preacher of good news,' the substantive of eioyyeXifo) — or ti'ay- yeXlt^o/iai, the commoner bibl. form). The verb is used in bibl. Gr. occasionally in the general sense of class. Gr. (I S 31*, Lk 1'"), and, when specialized, stands for the work of Gospel preachers of all kinds: the subst., however — which is rare, and entirely sacred and eccles., occurring in bibl. Gr. only in Ac 21', Eph 4", 2 Ti4' — is confined strictly to the Christian good tidings, and, ap])arently, to a particular office or function (see Hort, Krclesia, 158). The clearest evidence for the distinctness of office or function lies in Eph 4" '[Christ] gave some to be apostles ; and some, prophets ; and some, evangelists ; and some, pastors and teachers.' It is true that, in the list at 1 Co 12-*, evangelists are omitted (also (vlctKotroi and SiaKovoi) ; but there the point is, perhaps, to illustrate spiritual aptitude rather than to give an exhaust- ive list of eccles. offices. When a similar omission occurs, Ro 12"", St. Paul seems bent chiefly on distinguishing certain charismata, being content to leave the catalogue incomplete. Possibly, in each case local considerations partly account for the omi.ssions. But in Eph the context suggests that the writer desires to mention all the principal offices, whereby Christ had provided for the spiritual edification of the Church universal, and ei'ayytXiimis appears to come third in order of institution and of spiritual signilicance. At the same time it is noticeable that we do not find the word (even in places where it might naturally be looked for) in any of the Pauline Eijistles wliosa
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EVANGELIST
genuineness meets ■n-ith most general acceptance. Subsequent reference will be maJe to the passage in the Pastoral Epistles, 2Ti 4' ; it will be sufficient here to say that the phrase Ipyoy irolTjffox ei'077f- XioToC, 'do the work of an evangelist,' is too marked and peculiar to be satisfactorily inter- preted as merely equivalent to ' preach the Gospel.' The third and liist instance — that in Ac 21" (a verse in one of the ' we ' passages), ' we came unto Coesarea ; and entering into the house of Philip the evangelist, who was one of the seven, we abode with him ' — must be compared with Ac S*"^, where it is said tliat among those who were scattered from Jerus. after the martyrdom of Stejdien, and went hither and thither preaching the word, Philip preached the Christ at Samaria, without being qualijied (v.'*'-) to impart the Holy Spirit ; was sent by the Spirit to teach the Ethiopian eunuch in the desert between Jerus. and Gaza ; was afterwards carried off by the Spirit and found at Azotus ; and, finally, having evan- gelized 'all the cities' in his route, took up his abode at Cae-sarea. He may therefore have been called cioyyeXiffT-^s, not because he had been dehn- itely set apart for the office, but because of the missionary work he had done and was perhaps still doing with Ca-sarea as centre. He had, in fact, been set apart for something else, ' to serve tables ' (Ac 6'"', 21'), but had superadded, and possibly, in the end, substituted, the work of a missionary, because he was, like Stephen, ' full of the Holy Ghost' (Ac 6°), and possessed the charisma for the work of preaching to those who had not heard the Gospel Defore.