The verb to ‘lust’ or ‘lust after’ has the same meanings as the subst., to desire or crave in general, as 1 Co 10° ‘ Now these things were our examples, to the intent we should not lust after evil ὁ nig (els τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἐπιθυμητὰς κακῶν), as they also lusted’ (ἐπεθύμησαν) ; passing into the special sense of sexual desire, in Mt 5% ‘ Whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath com- mitted adultery with her already in his heart’ (πρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι αὐτὴν [αὐτῆς}). Tindale has the verb in a distinctly bad sense in Dt 5% ‘Thou shalt not luste after thi neighbours wife,’ though not in the sense of sexual desire; it is more colourless in Mt 17" ‘but have done unto him what soever they lusted’ (so most VSS until AV ‘listed,’ Gr. ὅσα ἠθέλησαν, Rhem. ‘whatsoever they would’); and the better meaning is clearly seen in Tindale, Works, i. 103, ‘ For if we were of God we should cleave to God, and lust after the will of God.’ Cf. Archbp. Hamilton, Catechism, ‘The tabil’— ‘That the special faith suld be loiffit and lustit for mony excellent operations, quhilk it workis in Christen men and wemen’; and Rutherford, Letters, No. cexxvi. ‘What heaven can be there liker to hell, than to lust, and green, and dwine, and fall a swoon for Christ’s love, and to want it?’ Lusty, meaning stout and vigorous, is perhaps
still in good use. It occurs in AV but once, Jg 3% ‘all lusty, and all men of valour.’ Heb. j2y is originally ‘fat,’ as AVm, and some take the meaning here to be ‘ wealthy,’ but AV is better.* re Ps 73" 103° [Pr. Bk.] and As You Like It, τι. iii.
* Though I look old, yet am I -
For wee youth I de did pai pera
Hot and rebellious liquors in my blood.’
J. HASTINGS.
* RV adds Is 5919 ‘among them that are lusty we are as dead men,’ for AV ‘we are in desolate places 88 dead men,’ The passage is difficult, perhaps corrupt.
LUSTRATION.—See PURIFICATION. LUTE.—See Music.
LUZ (nb ‘almond’ or ‘bone’; Οὐλαμμαύς Gn 28", Aotta 35° etc. ; Sam. and, Luzah Gn 9819 48%),—4, An old Canaanite city, afterwards known as Bethel, Gn 28 35° 48%, Jos 18 (P or R), Jos 16? (E), Jg 1%. See art. BETHEL. 2. A place in ‘the land of the Hittites,’ founded by a man of Bethel, Jg 1%. The mention of the ancient name of Bethel in P is in accordance with the writer’s fondness for such archeological details; cf. Gn 23? 35%, Jos 15% 214 (Kiriath-arba), Gn 3519 487 (Ephrath). The meaning of Luz is ‘ almond,’ Gn 3057, as in Arabic ; hence in the Talmud the mystical characteristics of the almond are ascribed to Luz, see art. BETHEL, vol. i. p. 277 andn. Another meaning is ‘bone’; in paren, a bone of the spine. So in the Midrash
eresh. Rabba, § 28, fol. 31}, 1 is the bone of the spine out of which man is to be re-fashioned in the world to come; similarly Mezora', § 18, fol. 14b, Mid- rash Koheleth, fol. 24a. Levy, NHW 2B, s.v., takes this meaning as secondary, ‘a bone shaped like an almond’; but Lagarde (Bildung d. Nomina, p. 157 t. n.) prefers ‘bone’ as the original meaning, and sup-
oses that the place was called Luz from its resem- SRS toa backbone. Identifications have been suggested for the Luz in ‘the land of the Hittives,’ e.g. Lizan in Kurdistan (see Neubauer, Géogr. du Talmud, p. 394), and Shaizar (nos=xnw=s 1, see refs. to Mtidrach above) in Cele-Syria on the Orontes (Lagarde, /.c.); but these identifications are very doubtful. The place must have been outside Israelite territory and in the north, some- where in Cele-Syria or the Lebanon.
G. A. COOKE.
LYCAONIA (Λυκαονία), the land of the Lycaones, was a large country in the centre and south of the great plateau of Asia Minor. It is almost entirely a vast level plain, in the centre of which, like an island in the sea, the lofty Kara-Dagh has been thrown up by volcanic action. On the edge of Kara-Dagh are the remarkable ruins called Bin- Bir-Kilisse (Thousand and One Churches), prob- ably the site of the ancient Barata. The great Lycaonian plain is merged on the north and east in the plains of Galatia and Cappadocia; on the west and south it is limited by hills. The soil has little value except for pasturage; but the im- mense flocks which grazed on it were a source of revenue to king Amyntas (Strabo, p. 568), and are still a feature that strikes the travellers. Many of the wells supply a brackish water, unfit for human use, but sel to have a good eflect on the wool of sheep, which drink it freely.
Lycaonia was bounded on the north by Galatia proper, on the west by Phrygia and Pisidia, on the south by the mountainous country that stretches back to the great ridge of Mount Taurus (a country generally summed up in earlier time as Cilicia Tracheia, of which Isauria was part, and in later time as Isauria in its wider acceptation), and on the east by Cappadocia. The exact boundaries varied at different times. On the north a large district, which had originally been