* But ‘bring’ elsewhere in these chapters represents x°>7.
+ For 230 is used also of ‘bringing near’ or * presenting
| ordinary food, Gn 27%, 1S 28%, 2 8 134,
588 OFFER, OFFERING, OBLATION
OFFER, OFFERING, OBLATION
minhah’ ; see 2 Καὶ 1615], perhaps also in many of those with the alternative marginal rendering, and in Is 1? 197, it is not improbable that ‘ meal-offer- ing’ would be the better rendering.
5. apna tériimdh (AV and RV ‘heave-offering,’ ‘ offering,’ and ‘oblation’). This word (from oz ‘to lift or take off’) denotes properly what is lifted off a larger mass, or separated from it for sacred purposes (LXX in Pent. uses ἀφαίρεμα, in Ezk mostly ἀπαρχή; Targ. in both xmenex ‘something separ- ated’); and is used in particular (cf. Driver on Dt 12°): (1) of gifts taken from the produce of the soil (as tithe, firstfruits, and firstlings) ; (2) of contri- butions of money, pot, etc., offered for sacred purposes, and in Ezk of land reserved for the priests and Levites; (3) in connexion with sacri- tices, only of portions ‘taken off’ the rest, and forming the priest’s due, esp. of the ‘heave-thigh,’ which, with the ‘ wave-breast,’ is (in P) the priest’s share of the peace-offering, but also (as Nu 5° 188) of other priestly dues. The rendering ‘heave- offering’ implies a rite of ‘elevation,’ which, how- ever, is very doubtful, and is rejected by modern scholars (e.g. Ges., Keil on Ly 2°, Dillm. on Lv 7% etc.). Omitting the passages (as Ex 297-3, Ly 7™ *) where téruimah is used of the ‘heave-thigh,’ it occurs, in the other applications just noted, Ex 952. 23 3015. 14. 15 35ῦ.- δ. 21. 24. 24 365: 6 Ly 1 9912. Nu 5? 15 30. 21 185 11. 19. 24. 26. 27. 28. 28. 39 3139. 41, 5. Dt 195. ll. 17, Ezk 20” (' offerings ? *) 4490. 80 451. 6. 7. 7. 13. 16 488. 9. 10. 12, 12, 18. 18, 20, 30. 21. 21. 2 Mal 95, 2 Ch 3110. 12. 14) Ezr 8:5, Neh 10%7 @)- 89 4) 124 135; also2S 151 (if the reading be correct), Is 40”, and (in a secular sense) Pr 294 (see RVm). (RV in Pent. 2S, Ezr, Neh, Ezk 20%, Mal, ‘heave-oflering’ or ‘ offering,’ in 2 Ch, Is, and other passages in Ezk, ‘oblation’). ‘Contribution’ is perhaps the English word which, though not entirely satisfactory, nevertheless best suggests the ideas expressed Pe the Heb. téramdah.
(a) The use of the corresponding verb 0-2 ‘ to lift or take off’ (often by the side of the subst. téramah) should be noted (LXX usually in Pent. ἀφαιρέω, in Ezk ἀφορίζω, in 2Ch ἀπάρχομαι ; Targ. ox ‘to separate’: RV ‘heave up,’ ‘offer,’ ‘take up,’ ‘take off,’ ‘offer up,’ ‘heave,’ ‘levy’ Nu 3123, ‘give... for offerings’ 2 Ch 30%, ‘give’). This occurs, not only of the ‘ pave ΤΙΝ, Ex 297, but also in con- nexion with various other sacred gifts or sacrifices : Ex 35%, Ly 2° (of the ‘ memorial’ taken off the meal- offering in order to be burnt on the altar), 48: 10. 19 (of the fat lifted or taken off a sacrifice for con- sumption on the altar), 615() (as 2%), 9915 Ny 1519 20. 20°] 19. 24, 26, 38, 29, 80. 8) 3138. δ. Eke 451.18 498. 2. 20, 2 Ch 30% * 35% *, Ezr 8%. The remarkable incon- sistency in the rendering of this word, even in RV, and the confusion with other words occasioned thereby, are much to be regretted ; if the instances are examined in detail, the idea in each will be seen to be, as explained above, that of lifting or taking off from a larger mass for sacred urposes (note esp. the use of both the verb and the subst. in Ezk in connexion with land),
6. apn téniiphah, a “wave-offering’ (implying a rite of ‘waving’; see SACRIFICE), and usuall so rendered in AV, RV ; but represented by ‘offering’ alone in Ex 355 38% 2 (iliac the term is used peculiarly of materials offered for the construction of the sanctuary), and in Nu 8}}- 18. 15. 21 (changed here in RV to ‘ wave-offering’), where it is used of the Levites.
(a) The cognate verb
ι η"π"ἴο wave,’ and usually so rendered, issimilarly represented by‘ offer’ in Ex 35%, Nu 81}- 18. 16. 31 (in Nu with the marg. ‘Heb. wave Ay
7. ‘Whole burnt-offering’ (really a double, and tautologous, rendering of the Heb., adopted from AV of Ps 51") stands for the Heb. b> (lit. some- thing whole) in RV Dt 131607 marg., 33%, 1S 79
| For ‘oblations’ in this verse see below, No. 9.
(Heb. $52 any), Ps 51°), The Heb. word is a rare syn. of πὸ» (see SACRIFICE, under ‘ burnt- offering’); it occurs besides, in a sacrif. sense, of the priest’s minhah, which was to be ‘wholly burnt (lit. ‘burnt (as) something whole’), Ly 67 53 05. τό.
8. ‘Passover offerings’ stands for ops, only 2 Ch 357: 8:9... see PASSOVER.
9. ‘Oblation’ for nxy> (not a technical word ; lit. something borne along or brought; cf. the verb in v.*, and No. (11), below) in Ezk 20%.
10. ‘ Offerings’ for the obscure and uncertain o’3729 Hos 8", generally taken to mean properly ‘gifts’ (from 373).
‘Offering (up)’ stands also, in RV of NT, for—