Dalm.in sii'-crnet!; that the oridnal m- of the people was
■Hf>«in'n r.i. 1 "■ III- ■■""•■ -f I ' '"■ he that comcth'(of<.
cil. p : J. i I ilKit in the OT, J"
Him- ' \^"hile the Messiah
wa< 11 1 ilie idea that the
Jle-j-! ,11 \- .. ' 1 I . I ut. An interesting
coniic\..yii l...L..^^;. io-.^ 1 i li.- ^-i^ntice with cords or
woven branches' (,r--,: = c^rw'^ii!, Mk 113) and the entry of Jesus is brought out in Symm. ruvif.rciTi e> ^tttryifu truxir-
It is possible to make too much of the cere- monies of the Feast of Tabernacles in connexion with this entry, which took place just before the Feast of Passover in spring. But it is equally possible that the song, etc., may have been due to reminiscences of the jireceding Fea.st of Taber- nacles, Avlien Jesus was iironounced the prophet and the Messiah (Jn 7*'), and that the wliole passage was sung, that which used to be sujipljca-
ENTRY IXTO JERUSALEM
ENVY
521
tion now passing into greeting. Our conclusion is, then, that though the song ' Hosanna,' etc., was used in salutation, it contains an allusion to the preceding Feast of Tabernacles, expresses the con- %ictioiis of many of tlie people, and offers a remark- able parallel to Ps 118™-=".
4. Tlir iiindr of entry. — Some of the same Galilcean folk w lio wished to make Jesus a king before the time of Jn 6'^ have now, in their progress to the city, gathered around Him and escort Him, their national Prophet, with song. Others come from the city to meet Him, and receive Him with acts of homage which sliow that they regarded Him at the time .as the prosi>ective <leliverer of the nation. In 2 Mao 10"-' .ludas Jlaccabieus is wel- comed witli similar acclamations and ' branches and fair boughs and palms,' and in 1 Mac IS'*' Simon. In 2 K 9'^ the followers of Jehu, the newly proclaimed king, threw down their cloaks (i/ictrm, as hei'e) 1)pfore him. Stanley ahso (SP 191) mentions that in recent times the i^eople of Bethlehem cast their cloaks before the horse of the consul of Damascus. Dalman agrees with Wellhausen that the procession did not acquire its Messianic colour until a later period, and that few at the time thought of the prophecy in Zee. (op. cit. p. 222). In the light of after events, Jesus entered the city as ]\Iessianic king, priest, and prophet. (1) The 'prince' had to provide the sacrifices 'to make reconciliation for or to atone for [is?^] the house of Israel' (Ezk 45", cf. 46^-" and 2 Ch 30^''). So does 'the Lord's Anointed' here. (2) The priest presents the offering. So does 'the priest after the order of Melchizedek' (Ps llC) proceed, metaphorically speaking, to ' bind the sacrifice with cords unto the horns of the altar' (118"). The harmony between the two offices of the Messiah as king and priest is well described in Zee 6" ' and the counsel of peace shall be between the two' (so Rosenm.). The growing predominance of the priestly office of the jSlessiali IS also expressed in the choice of the colt ' whereon never man sat' (iMk. and Lk.), cf. Nu 19" 'a red heifer. . . upon which never came yoke.' (3) The prophetic character of the Messiah as the 'mes- senger of the covenant' (Mai 3'), coming to His temple, J"'s prophet to the world and a light to the Gentiles (Is 49"), was suitably expressed by the proclamation of the people, 'This is Jesus the prophet,' etc., and by their testimony to His mira- cles, generallj^ cc.iiiie.t.'.l «illi a priipiiet. (4) There •was another iiliMl nf \\\i- ( I'l' i.iilizcd in Jesus on this occasion. TImmmitI, ;m.l .-illlii'l.'il | ■;;•] saint of Ps 22", the Psalm .■ii.i.n.priiUr,! l,y .Icmis on the cross, was represented hy llini avIio wept over the city and entered it ' meek [':i; Zee 9" = ffpal5s, ]\It2P ; also in Mt 5= = Ps 37"], and sitting upon an ass. ' Other significations (jf this Heb adj , such as 'poor' 'opprcsNC.I,' .-nicl ' ])(>rsecuted' (in Isaiah), 'were also realized in .1, mi,. ]!ut it is His meekness that Mt. eiii].li:i^iz.-,, <loulit!ess because of His ridmg onan ax. At one time the ass ^^ is not i dps] ,s( I animal. Judges rode on -white a I
But through contact \Mth Gentiles tl I
fallen into contempt. Foi 6yos JosL])hu KT^i/os and -iTTTros. LXX in Zee 9" picl 1 ivyiov and TTilXos to the despised woid li v. is, however, the tradition that the Messiah should come riding on an ass (Sepp, § \ i c 6) (5) The
conception of Messiah as the suffering Sei\ ant of Deut. -Isaiah was, however, most of all exemplified by Him who on this occasion humble<l Hunself [ni!;j (Nijih. of nij; in reflexue sense) Is 'SV = iTa Trelvu(T€v iavrav, Ph 2'] in a \oluntaij mannei in His progress to a death for His people
Matthew describes Jesus as aimed with author ity (flouufa, cf. 8'), and on this occasion depicts Him as the Malka MtJalw of the Jews His
authority is over all flesh, to make tliem feel their want of God and Him. The sense of power was derived from the sense of His mission and the consciousness that He was the Son of God, which made Him soar beyond the Messianic role and see Himself the Lord of the whole earth, holding sway by peace, spiritual peace, and by power, spiritual power. 'He claimed for Himself,' as