An apocryphal book, bearing the title of "The Acts of Andrew," is mentioned by Eusebius (iii, 25), Epi- phanius (Her. xlvi, 1 ; lxiii, 1), and others. It seems never to have been received except by some heretical sects, as the Encratites, Origenians, etc. (Fabric. Cod. Apocryph. ii, 747 ; Kleuker, Ueb. die Apocr. d. N. T. p. 331 sq.). This book, as well as a " Gospel of St. Andrew," was declared apocrypha] by the decree of Pope Gelasius (Jones, On the Canon, i, 179 sq.). Tisch- endorf has published the Greek text of a work bear- ing the title "Acts of Andrew, "and also of one entitled "Acts of Andrew and Matthew" (Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha, Lpz. 1841). See Hamniersehmid, Andreas descriptus (Prag. 1699) ; Hanke, De Andrea apostolo (Lips. 1698); Lemmius, Memoria Andrew apostoli (Viteb. 1705) ; Wbog, Presbyterorum et diaconorum Achaue de martyrio S. Andrea epistola (Lips. 1749). See Acts, spurious; Gospels, spurious.
Andrew, bishop of Cresarea, in Cappadocia, lived
at the close of the fifth century (according to others, toward the close of the ninth). See Auetas. He wrote in the Greek language a commentary on the Apocalypse, which was translated into Latin by Pelta- nus, and published under the title, Andrea', CcesarecB Cappndoci<c Episc.ipi, Commentarii in Johannis Apostoli Apocalypsim (Ingolstadt, 1584, 4to). The original was published, with notes, at Heidelberg, in 1596 (fol.), and again, together with the works of Aretas and others, in 1862, at Paris (8. P. AT. Andrea; Cwsarea; etc. Opera, 8vo). They also attribute to him a Therapeutic/ / Spiri- tualis, which is to be found in manuscript at the library of Vienna. The work on the Apocalypse, which gives the views of Gregory, Cyril, Papias, lrenaeus, Metho- dius, and Hippolytus, is of some importance for estab- lishing the canonicity of the Apocalypse. — Hoefer, Bioff. Gen. ii, 549; Rettig, Ueber Andreas und Aretas, in Stud. u. Krit. (1838, p. 748) ; Lardner, Works, v,77-79.
Andrew of Crete. See Andreas Cretensis.
Andrew, archbishop of Crain. See Andreas.
Andrewes, Lancelot, bishop of Winchester, was born in London 1555, educated at Merchant- Tailors' School, whence he was removed to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. As divinity lecturer of Pembroke Hall, he delivered, in 1585, his well-known lectures on the Ten Commandments, which were first published in 1642, and a new and complete edition in 1G50. He afterward had the living of Alton, in Hampshire; then that of St. Giles'-without, Cripplegate, in Lon- don, and was made canon residentiary of St. Paul's, prebendary of Southwell, and master of Pembroke Hall. By King James I he was created, in 1G05, bish- op of Chichester ; then, in 1609, bishop of Ely ; and lastly, in 1618, was translated to Winchester, which he held to the day of his death in 1626. His piety, learning, and acuteness are well known ; and so char- itable was he, that in the last six y^ars of his life he is said to have given, in private charity alone, £1300, a very large sum in those days. He translated the authorized version of the historical books of the Old Testament from Joshua to Chronicles. Casaubon, Cluverius, Grotius, Vossius, and other eminent schol- ars of the time, have all highly eulogized the exten- sive erudition of Bishop Andrewes, which was wont, it appears, to overflow in his conversation, as well as in his writings. He was also celebrated for his talent at repartee. He united to the purest conscientious- ness a considerable degree of courtly address, of which the following anecdote has been preserved as a curious instance. Neale, bishop of Durham, and he, being ! one day at dinner in the palace, James surprised them by suddenly putting this question, "My lords, cannot I take my subjects' money when I require it, without all the formality of a grant by Parliament ?" Bishop Neale immediately replied, "God forbid, sire, but you should. You are the breath of our nostrils." "Well," said James, turning to the bishop of Winchester, "what do you say?" "Sire, I am not qualified to I give an opinion in Parliamentary affairs," was the evasive reply. "Come, now, Andrewes, no escape, your opinion immediately," demanded the king. "Then, sire," answered he, "I think it perfectly law- ful to take my brother Neale's, for he has offered it."
Bishop Andrewes was indisputably the most learned of his English contemporaries, excepting Usher, in the Fathers, ecclesiastical antiquities, and canon law. He was the head of that school which began to rise in England in the 16th century, which appealed to an- tiquity and history in defence of the faith of the Church of England in its conflicts with Rome. To express his theological tenets briefly, he was of the i school which is generally called the school of Laud, holding the doctrines of apostolic succession, that " the true and real body of Christ is in the Eucharist." He I was strongly opposed to the Puritans, who in turn i charged him with popery and superstition because of
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the ornaments of his chapel, and the ceremonies there. He was a man of the most fervent devotion. Five hours every day did he dedicate almost entirely to de- votional exercises. Prayer might be said to be the very element he breathed. During the illness that laid him on a bed of languishing and death, his voice was almost constantly heard pouring forth ejaculatory prayers; and when, through failure of strength, he could no longer articulate, his uplifted hands and eyes indicated the channel in which his unexpressed thoughts continued to flow. He died September 25, 1626, at the age of seventy-one. His chief work is his Sermons, ninety-six in all, the best edition of which is that published in the Anglo-Catholic Library (Oxford, 5 vols. 8vo, 1841-43). He also wrote Tortur'a Torti (Load. 1609), being an answer to Bellarmine on King James's Book concerning the Oath of Allegiance (Oxford, 1851, 8vo) ; Preces Privates (1648 ; and lately in English by the Rev. P. Hall, 1839) ; The Pattern o/Catechistical Doctrine. (Lond. 1650, fol. ; Oxf. 1846, 8vo) ; Posthumous and Orphan Lectures, delivered at St. Paul's and St.Giles' (Lond. 1657, fol.); Opuscida quce- dam pnsthuma (Lond. 1629, 4to ; reprinted in Anglo- Catholic Library, Oxford, 1851, 8vo). The Rev. C. Danbery published Seventeen Sermons of Andrewes, "modernized for general readers" (Lond. 1821, 8vo). See Isaacson, Life of Bishop Andrewes; Cassan, Lives of the Bishops of Winchester (London, 1827) ; Fuller, Church History of Britain,; British Critic, xxxi, 169; Darling, Cyclopcedia Bibliographica, i, 78; Allibone, Did. of Authors, i, 61.